The Effects of Patiromer on Serum Potassium Level and Gut Microbiome of ESRD Patients With Hyperkalemia
ESRD, Hyperkalemia, End Stage Renal Disease
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for ESRD focused on measuring End Stage Renal Disease, ESRD, Hyperkalemia
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Subjects on stable hemodialysis for more than 90 days.
- Age 18-85 years.
- Persistent hyperkalemia, defined as elevated serum potassium > 5.0 mEq/L in more than 2 occasions during the previous 3 months.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Use of pre- or probiotics during the past 2 months
- Use of antibiotics within the past 2 months, if the patient received a single course of antibiotic.
- Presence of chronic wound infection and osteomyelitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease, chronic diarrhea, current C. difficile infection
- Liver cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis
- Treatment with immunosuppressive medications in the past 6 months or more than a week of treatment with prednisone > 10 mg in the last 3 months
- Anticipated kidney transplant within 9 months
- Expected survival < 9 months
- Pregnancy, anticipated pregnancy, or breastfeeding
- Incarceration
- Participation in another intervention study
- severe anemia defined as hemoglobin < 8.0 g/dl any time during the last 2 months
Sites / Locations
- DaVita K Street
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Experimental
Patiromer
This arm is a 2 week observation period before the start of the Patiromer treatment phase, followed by a 12 week treatment phase, and 6 week no treatment observation phase. Pre-Treatment (Wk 1-2): Observational period. Baseline sample collection of blood and stool. No medication. Treatment (Wk 3-14): Participants will take 8.4 grams of Patiromer once daily for one week, during which serum potassium and gastrointestinal symptoms will be evaluated. If tolerated and in the absence of hypokalemia, the dose will be up-titrated to 16.8 grams once daily for the remaining 11 weeks. Blood and stool will be collected. Post-Treatment (Wk 15-20): Observational period. No medication. Blood and stool will be collected.