The Effectiveness of Biofeedback for Individuals With Long-term Post-concussive Symptoms
Post-Concussion Syndrome
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Post-Concussion Syndrome focused on measuring Concussion, Post-Concussion Syndrome, Biofeedback, Heart Rate Variability, Neurofeedback
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Participants in HRV and the HRV/Neurofeedback intervention arms, and the post-concussion control arm:
- Previously suffered a clinically diagnosed concussion
- Participated in, completed, and have been discharged from the BrainEx90 outpatient concussion rehabilitation program at Parkwood Institute
- Continued post-concussive symptoms
- 18 years of age or older
- Access to transportation
- Capable of utilizing hand-held technology (ie. cell phone, tablet, etc.)
- Holds a valid Driver's License
- English speaking
Participants in the non-concussed control arm:
- 18 years of age or older
- Holds a valid driver's license
- English speaking
- Has not suffered a concussion in the last two years
Exclusion Criteria:
All participants:
- Any heart disease, pacemaker, abnormal heartbeat patterns, coronary artery disease, or bypass surgery
- Any mental health disorder that would interfere with participation in the study
- Under 18 years of age
- Unable to provide written informed consent or complete questionnaires due to language or cognitive difficulties
- Inability to operate a motor vehicle
- Inability to look at a digital screen for 30 minutes
Participants in the non-concussed control arm:
1. Suffered a concussion in the last two years
Sites / Locations
- University of Western Ontario
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Experimental
No Intervention
No Intervention
Heart Rate Variability/Neurofeedback
Post-Concussed Control Group
Non-Concussed Control Group
Participants in this arm of the study will receive HRV biofeedback and neurofeedback. HRV biofeedback will occur twice daily, using an android device and application. Additionally, three times per week they will have one-hour long neurofeedback sessions.
Age-matched, previously concussed individuals that have completed the same concussion rehabilitation program (Brain Ex 90) will be recruited for this arm.
Age-matched individuals who have not been diagnosed with a concussion in the previous two years