Neuromodulation in Lateral Elbow Pain (PNM)
Lateral Epicondylitis
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Lateral Epicondylitis focused on measuring Percutaneous Neuromodulation, radial nerve, pain
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Presence of pain in the elbow region at least for three months
- Flares with activity
- Tenderness at or within 2cm of the lateral humeral epicondyle on resisted extension of the wrist and/or the third finger.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Participants who had constant or radicular pain
- Any previous surgery or acute trauma in the upper extremity.
- Elbow deformity
- Bilateral symptoms
- Clinical or electrophysiological findings referable to peripheral nerve (ulnar and median) disease and
Sites / Locations
- Blanca de La Cruz Torres
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
No Intervention
PNM group
Control group
Subjects were treated for 3 weeks, once a week. Specifically, this consisted in the application of a square wave biphasic electrical current, with 10Hz frequency, a 250µs pulse width, and the maximal tolerable intensity to cause an exacerbated muscle contraction for a total of 1.5 mins, according to the protocol by Valera and Minaya. The subjects were seated while their arms were supported by an arm rest, forearms pronated and elbows moderately flexed. The radial nerve was located at 4cm proximal to the tip of the lateral epicondyle of humerus using an ultrasound machine (cross-section), subsequently, an acupuncture needle (0.30mm x 30mm) was inserted in a short axis approach, perpendicular to the surface of the skin, until the perineurium of the radial nerve (in close proximity).
the subects of the control group received no any treatment