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CEUS Evaluation of Hypoxic Ischemic Injury

Primary Purpose

Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, Brain Ischemia Hypoxia

Status
Recruiting
Phase
Phase 3
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Sulfur hexafluoride lipid-type A microspheres
Sponsored by
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional diagnostic trial for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy focused on measuring Ultrasound, Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Eligibility Criteria

1 Minute - 18 Months (Child)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Males and females aged 1.5 years or younger with open fontanelles and known or suspected hypoxic ischemic injury.
  2. Post menstrual age of 34 weeks or older
  3. Patient in the CHOP NICU or PICU
  4. Parental permission

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Medical history of Lumason hypersensitivity
  2. Hemodynamic instability as defined by rapid escalation of cardiopulmonary support in the past 12-24 hours, as defined by the clinical care team including ≥ 1 intensive care physician not part of the study team
  3. Pulmonary insufficiency as defined by FiO2 requirements of > 40% and/or subjects with pulmonary hypertension requiring nitric oxide

Sites / Locations

  • The Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaRecruiting

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm Type

Experimental

Arm Label

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography

Arm Description

Intravenous administration of contrast agent Sulfur hexafluoride lipid-type A microspheres before performing contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). In pediatric patients, after reconstitution 0.03 mL per kg is administered intravenously. The weight-based dose of 0.03 mL per kg will be repeated one time during a single examination. Following each injection, an intravenous flush of 0.9% Sodium Chloride is injected. The study duration per subject will be approximately 15 minutes including the time to prepare the contrast agent and perform the CEUS, as well as the 60 minute monitoring period after the first and second injection of the contrast agent.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Qualitative and quantitative assessment of CEUS evaluation of brain perfusion
Specific analysis plan consists of both qualitative and quantitative assessment in which description of focal perfusion deficit or lesion, for instance, is reported in correlation with clinical information. Perfusion abnormalities will be qualitatively evaluated (absent - 0, mild hypoperfusion - 1, normal - 2, hyperperfusion - 3) and quantitatively (region of interest placed on brain regions for acquisition of wash-in curves using Matlab software).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Full Information

First Posted
May 25, 2018
Last Updated
August 13, 2023
Sponsor
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Collaborators
Bracco Diagnostics, Inc
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT03549520
Brief Title
CEUS Evaluation of Hypoxic Ischemic Injury
Official Title
Improved Diagnosis and Prognostication of Hypoxic Ischemic Injury in Neonates and Infants Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
August 2023
Overall Recruitment Status
Recruiting
Study Start Date
December 1, 2020 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
September 2024 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
September 2024 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Collaborators
Bracco Diagnostics, Inc

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
Yes
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Neonates presenting with neurologic symptoms require rapid, non-invasive imaging with high spatial resolution and tissue contrast. The purpose of this study is to evaluate brain perfusion using contrast-enhanced ultrasound CEUS in bedside monitoring of neonates and infants with hypoxic ischemic injury. Investigational CEUS scan will be performed separately from clinically indicated conventional US, in the ICU. Subjects will be scanned with CEUS at two different time-points (at the time HII is first suspected or diagnosed and at time of MRI scan), separately from clinically indicated ultrasound. The CEUS scan will be interpreted by the sponsor-investigator. The study will be conducted at one site, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. It is expected that up to 100 subjects will be enrolled per year, for up to two years, for a total enrollment of up to 200 subjects.
Detailed Description
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is a novel imaging technique in which gas-filled microbubbles, smaller than red blood cells, generate increased signal due to the acoustic impedance mismatch. Injection of ultrasound contrast agents into blood increase the echogenicity, allowing enhanced visualization of a blood vessel. Ultrasound contrast agents have been approved for use in Europe for almost two decades. In the case of SonoVue (now called LumasonTM), a second-generation lipid/sulfur hexafluoride US contrast agent (Bracco, Milan, Italy), European Union approved its intravenous use in adults in 2001. The FDA in the United States just recently approved the use of LumasonTM for evaluation of focal hepatic lesions in pediatric population in 2016, and very recently (Jan 2017) approved its use in children for the evaluation of the urinary tract in pediatric patients with known or suspected vesicoureteral reflux. For the remainder of clinical applications, the ultrasound contrast agents are being used off-label in both Europe and the United States. There is already good evidence in the literature that CEUS may be very valuable in children, and that is why it is routinely performed off-label for this purpose in the USA. However, there are ways in which it could be improved, and more studies are needed to definitively establish its diagnostic performance. Sulfur hexafluoride lipid-type A microspheres (LumasonTM, Bracco Inc) is an FDA-approved ultrasound contrast agent. The study duration per subject will be approximately 15 minutes including the time to prepare LumasonTM contrast agent and perform the CEUS, as well as the 60 minute monitoring period after the first and second injection of LumasonTM. CEUS will be performed at the time HII is first suspected or diagnosed and within 24 hours of clinically indicated MRI (which occurs approximately on day 5 of life) for a total of two CEUS exams of 1 hour and 15-minute duration each. Study participation will be complete when the 60 minute monitoring period after the second CEUS is complete. Injection of LumasonTM contrast agent will be performed via the existing peripheral intravenous line or central line using the FDA-recommended dose of up to 0.03 mg/kg. Contrast-agent injection will be performed twice per CEUS scan to ensure image quality and test reproducibility. In the case of more stable patients without an IV line, a peripheral IV line will be started to conduct the investigational CEUS. Two bolus injections will performed to evaluate for dynamic brain perfusion and several 2-minute cine clips as well as static images will be acquired during the exam. Qualitative analysis with visual assessment and quantitative analysis of the acquired CEUS scans will be performed and interpreted by the PI. The scans will be assessed for diagnostic quality of images, artifacts encountered, and the presence of additional contributory diagnostic information.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, Brain Ischemia Hypoxia
Keywords
Ultrasound, Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Diagnostic
Study Phase
Phase 3
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
200 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Intravenous administration of contrast agent Sulfur hexafluoride lipid-type A microspheres before performing contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). In pediatric patients, after reconstitution 0.03 mL per kg is administered intravenously. The weight-based dose of 0.03 mL per kg will be repeated one time during a single examination. Following each injection, an intravenous flush of 0.9% Sodium Chloride is injected. The study duration per subject will be approximately 15 minutes including the time to prepare the contrast agent and perform the CEUS, as well as the 60 minute monitoring period after the first and second injection of the contrast agent.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Sulfur hexafluoride lipid-type A microspheres
Intervention Description
Injection of Sulfur hexafluoride lipid-type A microspheres (Lumason) contrast agent will be performed via the existing peripheral intravenous line using the FDA-recommended dose of 0.03 mg/kg.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of CEUS evaluation of brain perfusion
Description
Specific analysis plan consists of both qualitative and quantitative assessment in which description of focal perfusion deficit or lesion, for instance, is reported in correlation with clinical information. Perfusion abnormalities will be qualitatively evaluated (absent - 0, mild hypoperfusion - 1, normal - 2, hyperperfusion - 3) and quantitatively (region of interest placed on brain regions for acquisition of wash-in curves using Matlab software).
Time Frame
2 years

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
1 Minute
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
18 Months
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Males and females aged 1.5 years or younger with open fontanelles and known or suspected hypoxic ischemic injury. Post menstrual age of 34 weeks or older Patient in the CHOP NICU or PICU Parental permission Exclusion Criteria: Medical history of Lumason hypersensitivity Hemodynamic instability as defined by rapid escalation of cardiopulmonary support in the past 12-24 hours, as defined by the clinical care team including ≥ 1 intensive care physician not part of the study team Pulmonary insufficiency as defined by FiO2 requirements of > 40% and/or subjects with pulmonary hypertension requiring nitric oxide
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Misun Hwang, MD
Phone
267-425-7129
Email
hwangm@email.chop.edu
Facility Information:
Facility Name
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
City
Philadelphia
State/Province
Pennsylvania
ZIP/Postal Code
19104
Country
United States
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Misun Hwang, MD
Phone
267-425-7110
Email
hwangm@email.chop.edu
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Santiago Martinez Correa, MD
Phone
2674257139
Email
martinezcs@chop.edu
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Misun Hwang, MD

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
No
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
30808770
Citation
Hwang M, Piskunowicz M, Darge K. Advanced Ultrasound Techniques for Pediatric Imaging. Pediatrics. 2019 Mar;143(3):e20182609. doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-2609.
Results Reference
derived

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CEUS Evaluation of Hypoxic Ischemic Injury

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