Efficacy of a Mindfulness Program to Reduce Stress and Burnout in Professionals of Medicine and Nursing (MINDUUDD) (MINDUUDD)

Efficacy of a Mindfulness Program to Reduce Stress and Burnout in Professionals of Medicine and Nursing (MINDUUDD)

Efficacy of a Training Program in Mindfulness and Self-Compassion of 4 Sessions in Front of the 8 Sessions to Reduce Work Stress and Burnout in Professionals of Medicine and Nursing (MINDUUDD Project)

The objective is to check whether a training program in mindfulness and self-pity based on a 4-session intervention (abbreviated program) is as effective as the standard 8-session MBSR program in reducing work stress and burnout in tutors and residents of Medicine and Family and Community Nursing. It is a controlled clinical trial, randomized by cluster, of three parallel arms, multicentric. Six teaching units (ratio 1: 1: 1) will be randomized to one of the three study groups: 1) Experimental Group-8 (EG8); 2) Experimental Group-4 (EG4); 3) Control group (CG). At least 132 subjects will participate, 44 in the EG8, 44 in the EG4 and 44 in the CG. The interventions will be based on the MBSR (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction) program, to which some of the practices of the MSC (Mindful Self-Compassion) program will be added. The EG8 intervention will be carried out during 8 weekly sessions of 2.5 hours, while the EG4 intervention will be of 4 sessions of 2.5 hours. The participants will have to practice at home for 30 minutes / day in the EG8 and 15 minutes / day in the EG4. In the 3 groups the questionnaires FFMQ (mindfulness), SCS (self-pity), ordinal scale (0-10) and questionnaire PSQ (perceived stress) and MBI (burnout) will be passed. Empathy will also be measured, through the EEMJ, anxiety and depression disorders (EADG) and self-perceived health status.

Abbreviated program of 4 weeks: will consist of 4 weekly sessions of 2 hours. Participants must practice at home for 15 minutes a day

Program of 8 weeks: The format will be 8 weekly sessions of 2 hours. Participants must practice at home for 30 minutes a day

The participants will only receive a one-hour information session and will be invited to complete the questionnaires provided in two moments of the time (coinciding with the interventions in the experimental groups)

An ordinal scale that ranges from 0 (no degree of stress) to 10 (maximum degree of stress) stress, will be used

PSQ questionnaire (Perceived Stress Questionnaire). It consists of 30 items that can be scored using a Likert scale (1 to 4). Higher total values indicate more stress.

Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI). Spanish version of the MBI-HSS25. It consists of 22 scoring items from 0 to 6 that measure the three dimensions of the syndrome: emotional fatigue (CE), 9 items and a maximum score of 54 points; depersonalization (DP), 5 items and maximum score of 30 points; personal fulfillment (RP), 8 items and maximum score of 48 points. The cut points used were: emotional fatigue under <19, moderate 19-26, high> 26. Depersonalization under <6, moderate 6-9, high> 9. Personal performance under> 39, moderate 39-34, high <34 .

Self-compassion questionnaire. The short scale of the Spanish version, validated by García-Campayo et al, will be used, with 12 items scored using a Likert scale (1 to 5) that measures how the subject usually acts towards himself in difficult moments. It consists of six subscales: self-friendliness, common humanity, mindfulness, and their opposites: self-judgment, isolation and over-identification. Higher total values indicate more self-pity.

Jefferson Medical Empathy Scale (EEMJ), HP version. Defines empathy based on three factors: "perspective taking", "compassionate care" and the ability to "put yourself in the patient's shoes". It has a minimum score of 20, maximum of 140 and does not establish a cut-off point, it contains 20 Likert-type items on a 7-point scale. There are 10 items written in the positive sense and 10 in the negative sense.

Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS, EADG in spanish versión). It consists of two sub-scales, one of anxiety and the other of depression. Each sub-scale has 9 items of dichotomous response (Yes / No) and are structured in 4 initial items of screening, to determine whether or not there is likely to be a mental disorder, and a second group of 5 items that are formulated if you get positive answers to the screening questions (2 or more for anxiety and more than 1 for depression), but in the investigation the full scale is usually applied, and that way it was used in the present study. an independent score for each scale, with a point for each affirmative answer. Goldberg et al have proposed cutoff points ≥ 4 for the anxiety scale, and ≥ 2 for depression.

Inclusion Criteria: Health professionals (doctors and nurses tutors and residents) assigned to 6 teaching units of family and community care, which are active. Exclusion Criteria: That you have previously done a training course or workshop in mindfulness of at least 4 weeks. That during the field work they are in a situation of prolonged or long-term sick leave. Have mental disorders that discourage the intervention. That they do not give their informed consent to participate

Magallon-Botaya R, Perula-de Torres LA, Verdes-Montenegro Atalaya JC, Perula-Jimenez C, Lietor-Villajos N, Bartolome-Moreno C, Garcia-Campayo J, Moreno-Martos H; Minduudd Collaborative Study Group. Mindfulness in primary care healthcare and teaching professionals and its relationship with stress at work: a multicentric cross-sectional study. BMC Fam Pract. 2021 Feb 2;22(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s12875-021-01375-2.

Perula-de Torres LA, Atalaya JCV, Garcia-Campayo J, Roldan-Villalobos A, Magallon-Botaya R, Bartolome-Moreno C, Moreno-Martos H, Melus-Palazon E, Lietor-Villajos N, Valverde-Bolivar FJ, Hachem-Salas N, Rodriguez LA, Navarro-Gil M, Epstein R, Cabezon-Crespo A, Moreno CM; collaborative group of the MINDUUDD study. Controlled clinical trial comparing the effectiveness of a mindfulness and self-compassion 4-session programme versus an 8-session programme to reduce work stress and burnout in family and community medicine physicians and nurses: MINDUUDD study protocol. BMC Fam Pract. 2019 Feb 6;20(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s12875-019-0913-z.