Back to resultsElectroacupuncture and Solifenacin for Urgency-predominant Mixed Urinary Incontinence (EASE-UMUI)
Primary Purpose
Mixed Urinary Incontinence, Urgency-predominant Mixed Urinary Incontinence
Status
Recruiting
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
China
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
electroacupuncture
sham electroacupuncture
Solifenacin
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Mixed Urinary Incontinence
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Female patients diagnosed with mixed urinary incontinence in accordance with EAU guideline by history intaking and physical examination[8];
- Age between 18 and 80 years old;
- Urgency index greater than stress index by MESA questionnaire[12];
- At least 4 episodes of urgency urinary incontinence in 72-hour voiding diary;
- With MUI for at least 3 months, and more than 50% of the total incontinence episodes is urgency one in 72-hour voiding diary;
- Positive cough test;
- A voluntarily-signed written informed content.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Having pure stress urinary incontinence, pure urgency urinary incontinence, overflow urinary incontinence or neurogenic bladder;
- Uncontrolled urinary tract infection;
- Tumor in urinary system or pelvic organs;
- Pelvic organ prolapse≥degreeⅡ;
- Residual urine volume≥100ml;
- Maximum flow rate<15ml/s;
- Treated incontinence by acupuncture or positive medications, such as antimuscarinic drug within the past 1 month;
- Underwent surgery of anti-incontinence or in pelvic area, metrectomy included;
- Complication of uncontrolled diabetes and severe hypertension;
- Complicated diseases in nerves system that could hamper hypourethral function, such as Multiple sclerosis, senile dementia, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, cauda equina nerve injury and multiple system atrophy;
- Severe complications in cardiac, lungs, cerebrum, hepar, renal system, psychonosology and coagulation function, or obvious cognitive disability;
- Installed a cardiac pacemaker;
- Allergic to solifenacin or with contraindications to antimuscarinic drug, like urinary retention, gastrointestinal peristalsis paralysis, myasthenia gravis, ulcerative colitis, angle-closure glaucoma;
- Allergic to metal or intolerant to the stimulation of electroacupuncture;
- Already with child or plan to conceive in the future 1 year, or within 1 year after delivery.
Sites / Locations
- Guang An Men HospitalRecruiting
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm Type
Experimental
Sham Comparator
Active Comparator
Arm Label
electroacupuncture group
sham electroacupuncture group
Solifenacin group
Arm Description
Acupoints of bilateral Zhongliao (BL33), Huiyang (BL35) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) are stimulated by Huatuo Brand disposable needles and SDZ-V electronic apparatus.
Sham acupoints 1 cun(≈15mm) horizontally outwardly lateral to BL33 and BL35, and 0.5 cun(≈10mm) horizontally behind SP6 are stimulated superficially with a small electricity current by needles of 0.30×40mm size and SDZ-V electronic apparatus.
subjects will orally take Solifenacin 5-10mg per day.
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Change of urgency urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Secondary Outcome Measures
Change of urgency urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Change of urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Proportion of subjects with at least 50% reduce of urgency urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours compared with baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Proportion of subjects with complete resolution of urgency urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Proportion of subjects with at least 50% reduce of urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours compared with baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Change of voiding episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Change of voiding episodes graded as 3/4 in average 24 hours from baseline based on the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale( PPIUS).
Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale (PPIUS) is recommended by the European Medicines Agency to grade the urgency of voiding. Voiding graded at 1 and 2 levels of urgency are regarded as normal or strong desire to void rather than urgency, while 3 and 4 levels are regarded as urgency episodes.
Change of nocturia episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Change of pad consuming in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
volume change of water intake in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Change of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF ) score from baseline.
ICIQ-UI-SF was a questionnaire developed by the International Consultation on Incontinence to evaluate the severity of incontinence and impact to QoL in the past four weeks. It contains four items: frequency, amount of leakage, impact of UI on QoL and a separate item to indicate the cause of incontinence. The score was the sum of the first three items, providing a total score ranging from 0 to 21 with a higher score indicating worse symptoms and greater impact on QoL.
Change of Overactive bladder questionnaire short form (OABq-SF) score from baseline.
OABq-SF is a validated questionnaire to assess the bother of OAB symptoms and effect on QoL in the past four weeks. It includes coping, sleep and emotional interaction. The scores were transformed to a 0- to 100-point scale, and higher scores on the symptom-severity scale indicate worse symptoms, whereas higher scores on the QoL scale indicate better quality of life.
Proportion of subjects with adequate improvement assessed by Patient global impression improvement (PGI-I).
Patient global impression improvement (PGI-I) is a scale range from 1 to 7, with 1 indicating very much better and 7 indicating very much worse. Adequate improvement is defined as a rating of 1 or 2 by PGI-I.
Change of residual urinary volume from baseline tested by abdominal B-ultrasound.
Abdominal B-ultrasound is objective way to test the residual urinary volume.
Full Information
NCT ID
NCT03787654
First Posted
December 22, 2018
Last Updated
February 2, 2022
Sponsor
Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT03787654
Brief Title
Electroacupuncture and Solifenacin for Urgency-predominant Mixed Urinary Incontinence
Acronym
EASE-UMUI
Official Title
Effect of Electroacupuncture for Women With Urgency-predominant Mixed Urinary Incontinence: a Three Armed Non-inferior Randomized Controlled Trial
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
February 2022
Overall Recruitment Status
Recruiting
Study Start Date
March 1, 2019 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
December 30, 2022 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
June 30, 2023 (Anticipated)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
4. Oversight
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
The study is to determine the effect of electroacupuncture in female patients with urgency-predominant mixed urinary incontinence. A three-arm non-inferior randomized controlled trial (RCT) using electroacupuncture, sham electroacupuncture and solifenacin with a total sample of 282 is proposed.
The hypothesis is that the improvement (difference in number of urgency urinary incontinence episodes between baseline and 12-week evaluation) in the electroacupuncture group would be 50% or less of the difference in the improvement between the Solifenacin and the sham electroacupuncture groups.
Detailed Description
Mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) features complaint or involuntary loss of urine associated with urgency and also with effort or physical exertion or on sneezing or coughing. It is regarded as urgency-predominant mixed urinary incontinence (UMUI) when sudden sensation of voiding accompanied by uncontrolled incontinence domains the symptoms. UMUI can bring shame and inconvenience to patients.
As first-line medicine for urge-predominant urinary incontinence, Solifenacin can reduce urgency urinary incontinence episodes in 24 hours. However, the side effects tend to bring about poor compliance among patients.
Acupuncture might be effective in treating UMUI. Previous research indicated that electroacupuncture might be noninferior to pelvic floor muscle training plus Solifenacin in reducing the urgency incontinence episodes of UMUI women. However, that study didn't focuse on UMUI exclusively, thus unable to decide whether electroacupuncture is effective in the treatment of UMUI.
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Mixed Urinary Incontinence, Urgency-predominant Mixed Urinary Incontinence
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
InvestigatorOutcomes Assessor
Masking Description
participants in electroacupuncture and sham electroacupuncture groups are blinded, and solifenacin group is open.
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
282 (Anticipated)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
electroacupuncture group
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Acupoints of bilateral Zhongliao (BL33), Huiyang (BL35) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) are stimulated by Huatuo Brand disposable needles and SDZ-V electronic apparatus.
Arm Title
sham electroacupuncture group
Arm Type
Sham Comparator
Arm Description
Sham acupoints 1 cun(≈15mm) horizontally outwardly lateral to BL33 and BL35, and 0.5 cun(≈10mm) horizontally behind SP6 are stimulated superficially with a small electricity current by needles of 0.30×40mm size and SDZ-V electronic apparatus.
Arm Title
Solifenacin group
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
subjects will orally take Solifenacin 5-10mg per day.
Intervention Type
Device
Intervention Name(s)
electroacupuncture
Other Intervention Name(s)
EA group
Intervention Description
BL33 and BL35 are inserted by needles of 0.30×75mm size till a depth of 60~70mm. SP6 is inserted by needle of 0.30×40mm size till a depth of 25-30mm. After manipulation and deqi sensation generation, the electrodes will be attached to the acupoints transversely with 20Hz continuous wave and an electricity current of 2mA-6.5mA at BL33 and BL35, and 1-3.5mA at SP6. The current is adjusted from zero to the degree where patients can tolerate.
Subjects receive 3 sessions per week（every other day ideally) for 12 weeks, 36 sessions in total.
Intervention Type
Device
Intervention Name(s)
sham electroacupuncture
Other Intervention Name(s)
SEA group
Intervention Description
In sham electroacupuncture group, sham acupoints 1 cun(≈15mm） horizontally outwardly lateral to BL33 and BL35, and 0.5 cun (≈10mm) horizontally behind SP6 are stimulated by needles of 0.30×40mm size. The needles are inserted to a depth of 2-3mm to stand still, without any manipulation and sensation of deqi. The electrodes will also be attached to needles with an electricity current of 0.1-0.3mA.
The sessions will be the same as the electroacupuncture group.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Solifenacin
Other Intervention Name(s)
Drug group
Intervention Description
Subjects take solifenacin 5-10mg per day for a succession of 36 weeks. The dose change is decided by doctors under a comprehensive consideration of side effects and Patient Global Symptom Control (PGSC), which is applied to evaluate the effectiveness of Solifenacin at the 4th, 8th, 12th and 24th week.The medicine can be discontinued at any time if the adverse effect is rather severe.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Change of urgency urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 12
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Change of urgency urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 24, week 36
Title
Change of urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Proportion of subjects with at least 50% reduce of urgency urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours compared with baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Proportion of subjects with complete resolution of urgency urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Proportion of subjects with at least 50% reduce of urinary incontinence episodes in average 24 hours compared with baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Change of voiding episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Change of voiding episodes graded as 3/4 in average 24 hours from baseline based on the Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale( PPIUS).
Description
Patient Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale (PPIUS) is recommended by the European Medicines Agency to grade the urgency of voiding. Voiding graded at 1 and 2 levels of urgency are regarded as normal or strong desire to void rather than urgency, while 3 and 4 levels are regarded as urgency episodes.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Change of nocturia episodes in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Change of pad consuming in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
volume change of water intake in average 24 hours from baseline based on 3-day voiding diary.
Description
3-day voiding diary is a reliable objective method to quantify the incontinence episode frequency and are a sensitive measurement to monitor the treatment response. In voiding diary, voiding episodes, urgency episodes, incontinence episodes, the volume drunk and the pads consumed are all recorded.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Change of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF ) score from baseline.
Description
ICIQ-UI-SF was a questionnaire developed by the International Consultation on Incontinence to evaluate the severity of incontinence and impact to QoL in the past four weeks. It contains four items: frequency, amount of leakage, impact of UI on QoL and a separate item to indicate the cause of incontinence. The score was the sum of the first three items, providing a total score ranging from 0 to 21 with a higher score indicating worse symptoms and greater impact on QoL.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Change of Overactive bladder questionnaire short form (OABq-SF) score from baseline.
Description
OABq-SF is a validated questionnaire to assess the bother of OAB symptoms and effect on QoL in the past four weeks. It includes coping, sleep and emotional interaction. The scores were transformed to a 0- to 100-point scale, and higher scores on the symptom-severity scale indicate worse symptoms, whereas higher scores on the QoL scale indicate better quality of life.
Time Frame
week 4, week 8, week 12, week 24, week 36
Title
Proportion of subjects with adequate improvement assessed by Patient global impression improvement (PGI-I).
Description
Patient global impression improvement (PGI-I) is a scale range from 1 to 7, with 1 indicating very much better and 7 indicating very much worse. Adequate improvement is defined as a rating of 1 or 2 by PGI-I.
Time Frame
week 12, week 36
Title
Change of residual urinary volume from baseline tested by abdominal B-ultrasound.
Description
Abdominal B-ultrasound is objective way to test the residual urinary volume.
Time Frame
week 12
Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures:
Title
Proportion of subjects bearing expectancy towards acupuncture AND proportion of subjects bearing expectancy towards drugs.
Description
Expectancy of acupuncture and drugs will be recorded at baseline. Participants in the electroacupuncture and sham electroacupuncture groups will be asked to answer: "Do you think acupuncture is effective in improving the symptoms of incontinence?" Subjects will choose answer from "Have no idea", "Yes" or "No".
Participants in the solifenacin group will be asked to answer: "Do you think drug is effective in improving the symptoms of incontinence?" Subjects will choose answer from "Have no idea", "Yes" or "No".
Time Frame
baseline
Title
Proportion of subjects successfully blinded
Description
Within 5 minutes after any treatment in week 12, subjects will be asked the question that: "Do you think you have received traditional electroacupuncture in the past 12 weeks?" Answer will be chosen from "Yes" or "No". The answer of "yes" indicates successful blinding.
Time Frame
week 12
Title
Incidence of adverse events
Description
Side effects induced by Solifenacin mainly include dry mouth, dry eye and constipation.
Unintended events and feelings related to EA and SEA include broken needles, fainting, bleeding, bruising, infection and aposteme, unbearable ache (VAS≥8), vomiting, nausea, palpitations, dizziness, headache, anorexia and insomnia, etc.
Adverse events irrelevant with the treatment will also be recorded in detail.
Time Frame
week 0-36
10. Eligibility
Sex
Female
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
80 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Female patients diagnosed with mixed urinary incontinence in accordance with EAU guideline by history intaking and physical examination[8];
Age between 18 and 80 years old;
Urgency index greater than stress index by MESA questionnaire[12];
At least 4 episodes of urgency urinary incontinence in 72-hour voiding diary;
With MUI for at least 3 months, and more than 50% of the total incontinence episodes is urgency one in 72-hour voiding diary;
Positive cough test;
A voluntarily-signed written informed content.
Exclusion Criteria:
Having pure stress urinary incontinence, pure urgency urinary incontinence, overflow urinary incontinence or neurogenic bladder;
Uncontrolled urinary tract infection;
Tumor in urinary system or pelvic organs;
Pelvic organ prolapse≥degreeⅡ;
Residual urine volume≥100ml;
Maximum flow rate<15ml/s;
Treated incontinence by acupuncture or positive medications, such as antimuscarinic drug within the past 1 month;
Underwent surgery of anti-incontinence or in pelvic area, metrectomy included;
Complication of uncontrolled diabetes and severe hypertension;
Complicated diseases in nerves system that could hamper hypourethral function, such as Multiple sclerosis, senile dementia, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, cauda equina nerve injury and multiple system atrophy;
Severe complications in cardiac, lungs, cerebrum, hepar, renal system, psychonosology and coagulation function, or obvious cognitive disability;
Installed a cardiac pacemaker;
Allergic to solifenacin or with contraindications to antimuscarinic drug, like urinary retention, gastrointestinal peristalsis paralysis, myasthenia gravis, ulcerative colitis, angle-closure glaucoma;
Allergic to metal or intolerant to the stimulation of electroacupuncture;
Already with child or plan to conceive in the future 1 year, or within 1 year after delivery.
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Zhishun Liu, PhD
Phone
86-10-88002331
Email
zhishunjournal@163.com
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Yuanjie Sun, Master
Phone
86-010-18810337542
Email
puzhisun@163.com
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Zhishun Liu, PhD
Organizational Affiliation
Guanganmen Hospital
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Guang An Men Hospital
City
Beijing
ZIP/Postal Code
100053
Country
China
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Yuanjie Sun, Master
Phone
861088002331
Email
puzhisun@163.com
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
32020889
Citation
Sun Y, Liu Y, Su T, Sun J, Wu Y, Liu Z. Electroacupuncture versus solifenacin for women with urgency-predominant mixed urinary incontinence: a protocol for a three-armed non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 Jan 23;20(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s12906-019-2784-1.
Results Reference
derived
Learn more about this trial
Electroacupuncture and Solifenacin for Urgency-predominant Mixed Urinary Incontinence
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