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Fecal Transplantation for Primary Clostridium Difficile Infection (COLONIZE)

Primary Purpose

Clostridium Difficile Infection

Status
Recruiting
Phase
Phase 3
Locations
Norway
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Fecal microbiota transplantation
Vancomycin
Sponsored by
Oslo University Hospital
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Clostridium Difficile Infection focused on measuring Clostridium difficile, Intestinal microbiota therapy, Fecal microbiota transplantation, Investigator-initiated, Antibiotics, Diarrhea

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients, ≥18 years with primary C. difficile infection, defined by the following three criteria:

    1. Diarrhea as defined by the WHO (≥3 loose stools per day), and
    2. Positive stool test for toxin producing C. difficile, and
    3. No evidence of previous C. difficile infection during 365 days before enrolment.
  • Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Known presence of other stool pathogens known to cause diarrhea.
  • Ongoing antibiotic treatment for other infections that cannot be stopped before study treatment administration.
  • Inflammatory bowel disease or microscopic colitis.
  • < 3 months life expectancy.
  • Serious immunodeficiency, defined as one of the following:

    • Ongoing or recent chemotherapy and current or expected neutropenia with neutrophil count of < 500/μL.
    • Active severe immunocompromising disease.
  • Inability to comply with protocol requirements.
  • Need of intensive care.
  • Known irritable bowel syndrome, diarrheal type.
  • Pregnancy or nursing.
  • Known or suspected toxic megacolon or ileus.
  • Total or subtotal colectomy, ileostomy or colonostomy.
  • Contraindications for rectal catheter insertion
  • Known hypersensitivity or other contraindications to vancomycin

Sites / Locations

  • Vestre Viken HF, Bærum HospitalRecruiting
  • Haukeland universitetssykehusRecruiting
  • NordlandssykehusetRecruiting
  • Sykehuset Østfold KalnesRecruiting
  • UNN HarstadRecruiting
  • Sørlandet Hospital HFRecruiting
  • Sykehuset LevangerRecruiting
  • Sykehuset Innlandet HFRecruiting
  • Akershus University HospitalRecruiting
  • Diakonhjemmet HospitalRecruiting
  • Lovisenberg sykehusRecruiting
  • Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletRecruiting
  • Oslo University Hospital UllevålRecruiting
  • Telemark Hospital HFRecruiting
  • Stavanger University Hospital
  • UNN TromsøRecruiting
  • Sykehuset i VestfoldRecruiting
  • Ålesund SjukehusRecruiting

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

Active Comparator

Arm Label

Fecal microbiota transplantation

Antibiotic treatment

Arm Description

Fecal microbiota from healthy, screened stool donors at the University Hospital of North Norway. Patients will receive one FMT enema immediately after enrolment.

Patients randomized to the control group will receive a ten-day course of oral vancomycin four times a day. This is according to international guidelines for primary C. difficile treatment.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Patients with durable cure
Proportion of patients with primary clinical cure at day 14 after treatment start and no recurrent C. difficile infection during 60 days after treatment start, with the assigned treatment alone.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Patients with durable cure with additional treatment.
Proportion of patients with primary clinical cure at day 14 after treatment start and no recurrent C. difficile infection during 60 days after treatment start, with or without the need of additional treatment (FMT, metronidazole or vancomycin).
Treatment adverse events
Proportion of patients with adverse events.
Patients with long-time cure
Proportion of patients with primary clinical cure at day 14 after treatment start and no recurrent C. difficile infection during 60 days after treatment start, and without recurrent C. difficile infection within 365 days after treatment start.
Health-economic evaluation
Health-economic analysis of the two compared treatment modalities

Full Information

First Posted
January 4, 2019
Last Updated
April 22, 2022
Sponsor
Oslo University Hospital
Collaborators
South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, University Hospital of North Norway, Haukeland University Hospital, Helse Nord-Trøndelag HF, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, The Hospital of Vestfold, Sykehuset Telemark, Alesund Hospital, University Hospital, Akershus, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Sorlandet Hospital HF, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Nordlandssykehuset HF, Sykehuset Innlandet HF, Helse Stavanger HF
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT03796650
Brief Title
Fecal Transplantation for Primary Clostridium Difficile Infection
Acronym
COLONIZE
Official Title
COmparative Effectiveness of intestinaL microbiOta Versus vaNcomycin for Primary c. Difficile Infection - randomiZEd Trials
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
April 2022
Overall Recruitment Status
Recruiting
Study Start Date
July 17, 2019 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
January 31, 2024 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
January 31, 2024 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Oslo University Hospital
Collaborators
South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, University Hospital of North Norway, Haukeland University Hospital, Helse Nord-Trøndelag HF, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, The Hospital of Vestfold, Sykehuset Telemark, Alesund Hospital, University Hospital, Akershus, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Sorlandet Hospital HF, Ostfold Hospital Trust, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Nordlandssykehuset HF, Sykehuset Innlandet HF, Helse Stavanger HF

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Product Manufactured in and Exported from the U.S.
No
Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
In this randomized controlled trial the investigators want to compare the effect of one-time rectal instillation of fecal microbiota transplantation, compared to a ten-day antibiotic course for the treatment of primary Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The investigators hypothetsize that the instillation of feces from a healthy donor will be non-inferior to vancomycin in inducing a durable cure.
Detailed Description
Up to one third of patients with clostridium difficile infection treated with antibiotics experience recurrent or relapsing symptoms within a few weeks. Even with subsequent antibiotic treatment, multiple recurrences/relapses are frequent. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to be significantly more effective in curing recurrent CDI than repeated antibiotic treatment. In current guidelines, FMT is proposed as a treatment option after multiple recurrences/relapses of CDI. The rationale to reserve transplantation of donor feces for recurrent and difficult cases of CDI is a possible risk of pathogen transmittance and the process of finding a donor and screen for communicable disease. The effect of FMT for recurrent CDI, however, suggests that this therapy may be more effective than antibiotics in inducing a durable cure also for primary CDI. If the therapeutic effect of FMT proves to be equal (non-inferior) or more effective than antibiotics, FMT may be the preferable treatment option due to favourable ecological impact compared to antibiotics. In an era with increasing concerns about overuse of antibiotics and emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria, it is important to investigate therapeutic alternatives that may reduce the need for antibiotics. This trial is a phase III multicentre, randomized controlled, open-label non-inferiority parallel group trial with two arms (FMT and antibiotics), and is a continuation of the phase II trial IMT for Primary Clostridium Difficile Infection (NCT02301000). In the current trial, patients with Clostridium difficile infection and no previous CDI within 12 months prior to inclusion will be randomized 1:1 to FMT or 10 days of guideline-recommended antibiotic therapy (vancomycin 125 mg four times a day). Patients are recruited in Norwegian hospitals. The investigators plan to use frozen microbiota, because supply is easier to organize, compared to fresh fecal samples. Patients in the FMT treatment group will receive one rectal dose of FMT, originating from screened, healthy donors. Patients who are not cured by the first dose is offered a protocol defined additional FMT treatment. In the case of clinical deterioration, appropriate measures will be undertaken according to current guidelines. Patient treatment outcomes are evaluated after 14, 60 and 365 days from inclusion and treatment initiation. An interim analysis is planned after inclusion of the first 94 patients (corresponding to 50% of the planned number of patients).

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Clostridium Difficile Infection
Keywords
Clostridium difficile, Intestinal microbiota therapy, Fecal microbiota transplantation, Investigator-initiated, Antibiotics, Diarrhea

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 3
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Model Description
Randomized clinical trial with two parallel treatment arms with a 1:1 allocation.
Masking
None (Open Label)
Masking Description
An open-label, partly assessor blinded trial.
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
188 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Fecal microbiota transplantation
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Fecal microbiota from healthy, screened stool donors at the University Hospital of North Norway. Patients will receive one FMT enema immediately after enrolment.
Arm Title
Antibiotic treatment
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Patients randomized to the control group will receive a ten-day course of oral vancomycin four times a day. This is according to international guidelines for primary C. difficile treatment.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Fecal microbiota transplantation
Other Intervention Name(s)
FMT, IMT, Bacteriotherapy
Intervention Description
50 g donor feces suspended in saline with added glycerol, administered by a enema kit.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Vancomycin
Intervention Description
Peroral vancomycin 125 mg q.i.d. for ten days.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Patients with durable cure
Description
Proportion of patients with primary clinical cure at day 14 after treatment start and no recurrent C. difficile infection during 60 days after treatment start, with the assigned treatment alone.
Time Frame
60 days
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Patients with durable cure with additional treatment.
Description
Proportion of patients with primary clinical cure at day 14 after treatment start and no recurrent C. difficile infection during 60 days after treatment start, with or without the need of additional treatment (FMT, metronidazole or vancomycin).
Time Frame
60 days
Title
Treatment adverse events
Description
Proportion of patients with adverse events.
Time Frame
60 and 365 days
Title
Patients with long-time cure
Description
Proportion of patients with primary clinical cure at day 14 after treatment start and no recurrent C. difficile infection during 60 days after treatment start, and without recurrent C. difficile infection within 365 days after treatment start.
Time Frame
365 days
Title
Health-economic evaluation
Description
Health-economic analysis of the two compared treatment modalities
Time Frame
365 days
Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures:
Title
Fecal composition and treatment outcome
Description
Correlation in fecal composition changes before versus after treatment, and treatment outcome (such as bacterial diversity and fecal short chain fatty acids). Subgroup analyses will be performed for sex, age, co-morbidities, and FMT donor.
Time Frame
60 days

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Patients, ≥18 years with primary C. difficile infection, defined by the following three criteria: Diarrhea as defined by the WHO (≥3 loose stools per day), and Positive stool test for toxin producing C. difficile, and No evidence of previous C. difficile infection during 365 days before enrolment. Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Known presence of other stool pathogens known to cause diarrhea. Ongoing antibiotic treatment for other infections that cannot be stopped before study treatment administration. Inflammatory bowel disease or microscopic colitis. < 3 months life expectancy. Serious immunodeficiency, defined as one of the following: Ongoing or recent chemotherapy and current or expected neutropenia with neutrophil count of < 500/μL. Active severe immunocompromising disease. Inability to comply with protocol requirements. Need of intensive care. Known irritable bowel syndrome, diarrheal type. Pregnancy or nursing. Known or suspected toxic megacolon or ileus. Total or subtotal colectomy, ileostomy or colonostomy. Contraindications for rectal catheter insertion Known hypersensitivity or other contraindications to vancomycin
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Kjetil Garborg, MD, PhD
Phone
+4741578975
Email
k.k.garborg@medisin.uio.no
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Frederik Emil Juul, MD
Phone
+4797512966
Email
f.e.juul@medisin.uio.no
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Michael Bretthauer, MD, PhD
Organizational Affiliation
Oslo Universitetssykehus HF, Rikshospitalet
Official's Role
Study Chair
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Vestre Viken HF, Bærum Hospital
City
Sandvika
State/Province
Gjettum
ZIP/Postal Code
1346
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Øystein Rose, MD
Facility Name
Haukeland universitetssykehus
City
Bergen
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Trygve Hausken, MD, PhD
Facility Name
Nordlandssykehuset
City
Bodø
ZIP/Postal Code
8092
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Eirik H Ofstad, MD, PhD
Facility Name
Sykehuset Østfold Kalnes
City
Grålum
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Jon Birger Haug, MD, PhD
Facility Name
UNN Harstad
City
Harstad
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Peter H. Johnsen, MD
Facility Name
Sørlandet Hospital HF
City
Kristiansand
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Håvard Wiig, MD
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Rita Helleren, MD
Facility Name
Sykehuset Levanger
City
Levanger
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Eivind Ness-Jensen, MD, PhD
Facility Name
Sykehuset Innlandet HF
City
Lillehammer
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Ragnhild Eiken, MD
Facility Name
Akershus University Hospital
City
Lørenskog
ZIP/Postal Code
1478
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Jan Erik Berdal, MD, PhD
Facility Name
Diakonhjemmet Hospital
City
Oslo
ZIP/Postal Code
0319
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Raziye B. Cetinkaya, MD, PhD
Facility Name
Lovisenberg sykehus
City
Oslo
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Jørgen Valeur, MD, PhD
Facility Name
Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet
City
Oslo
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Frederik Emil Juul, MD
Email
f.e.juul@medisin.uio.no
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Siv Elisabeth Isaksen
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Kjetil Garborg, MD, PhD
Facility Name
Oslo University Hospital Ullevål
City
Oslo
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Kristian Tonby, MD, PhD
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Frederik Emil Juul, MD
Facility Name
Telemark Hospital HF
City
Skien
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Pavel Gudkov, MD
Facility Name
Stavanger University Hospital
City
Stavanger
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Not yet recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Trond J Cooper, MD
Facility Name
UNN Tromsø
City
Tromsø
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Rasmus Goll, MD, PhD
Facility Name
Sykehuset i Vestfold
City
Tønsberg
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Awet Abraham, MD
Facility Name
Ålesund Sjukehus
City
Ålesund
Country
Norway
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Dag Arne Lihaug Hoff, MD, PhD

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
Undecided
IPD Sharing Plan Description
The trial adheres to data sharing policies of the ICMJE. Data sharing is considered for each request by the principal investigators. Data sharing is not granted if they overlap with planned analyses. Data sharing requires all approvals by relevant authorities. Costs for data sharing will not be covered by the study group.
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
29562266
Citation
McDonald LC, Gerding DN, Johnson S, Bakken JS, Carroll KC, Coffin SE, Dubberke ER, Garey KW, Gould CV, Kelly C, Loo V, Shaklee Sammons J, Sandora TJ, Wilcox MH. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Mar 19;66(7):987-994. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy149.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
29860912
Citation
Juul FE, Garborg K, Bretthauer M, Skudal H, Oines MN, Wiig H, Rose O, Seip B, Lamont JT, Midtvedt T, Valeur J, Kalager M, Holme O, Helsingen L, Loberg M, Adami HO. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Primary Clostridium difficile Infection. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jun 28;378(26):2535-2536. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1803103. Epub 2018 Jun 2. No abstract available.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
25875259
Citation
Leffler DA, Lamont JT. Clostridium difficile infection. N Engl J Med. 2015 Apr 16;372(16):1539-48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1403772. No abstract available.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
23718168
Citation
van Nood E, Dijkgraaf MG, Keller JJ. Duodenal infusion of feces for recurrent Clostridium difficile. N Engl J Med. 2013 May 30;368(22):2145. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1303919. No abstract available.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
23511459
Citation
Kassam Z, Lee CH, Yuan Y, Hunt RH. Fecal microbiota transplantation for Clostridium difficile infection: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 Apr;108(4):500-8. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.59. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
Results Reference
background
Links:
URL
https://www.med.uio.no/helsam/english/research/groups/clinical-effectiveness/index.html
Description
Investigating research group' home page

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Fecal Transplantation for Primary Clostridium Difficile Infection

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