Resistance Training in People Living With HIV/AIDS

The aim of this study will be to verify effects of resistance training in people living with HIV/AIDS.

The aim of this study was verify effects of resistance training in cognitive function, body composition and biochemical parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress in people living with HIV/AIDS. The sample was composed by patients with HIV/AIDS of both sexes. The patients were randomized in two groups, a exercise group (EG), which was receive intervention with eight weeks of resistance training, and a control group (CG), that was not to do exercise. The cognitive function was analyzed with Stroop Test and Trail Test; body composition was evaluated by bioimpedance; blood tests was use to analyze biochemical parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress. For statistical analysis was used ANOVA of two factors for repeated measurements, having the (EG and PG) group and the time (pre and post exercise). Level of significance adopted was P < 0,05.

Exercise group was resistance training three times per week, during 45 to 60 minutes per day. Training program was composed by bench press, leg press 45°, lat pulldown, knee extension, dumbbell lateral raise, horizontal leg curl, triceps pulldown, seated calf raise, biceps curls and abdominal. Participants should complete 3 series with 8-12 repetitions of each exercise, which was supervised by trained research personnel. There were 60 seconds of interval between series and exercises were separated by a 120 seconds recovery period.

Control group was not do any exercise during intervention period. Participants was asked to keep their habitual routine until finish the final evaluations.

Victoria Stroop, Castro Cunha & Martins Stroop and Trail Test were performed at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG). Blood will be collected and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) will be measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Method (Human - ELISA Kit) at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

Blood was collected and cluster of differentiation 4 (T CD4+) and cluster of differentiation 8 (T CD8+) cells was measured by flow cytometry (BD TrucountTM Tubes) with FACSCalibur (Dickinson, New Jersey, USA) at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

Blood was collected and interferon (INF-y), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) was be measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Method (Human - ELISA Kit) at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

Cellular health was evaluated through phase angle value using the bio-electrical bioimpedance method (Biodynamics 450 analyzer, Biodynamics Corporation, Seattle, USA) at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

Body composition was evaluated at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG) using thickness of skin folds (Lange Adipometer). The skin folds of the triceps, subscapular, supra iliac, abdominal, thigh and leg were collected. The data were inserted into formulas appropriate to the population studied for calculating body composition.

Perimeters of arms, chest, abdomen, waist, hip, thigh and leg were measured at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

Brachial blood pressure (systolic and diastolic pressures) was assessed through an automatic monitor (HEM-742, Omron Healthcare, Japan) at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

The autonomic cardiac modulation was evaluated through a heart rate monitor (Polar, model RS-800, USA) at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

Handgrip strength was evaluated by handgrip dynamometer at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

Flexibility was evaluated by sit and reach test at baseline and after eight weeks of intervention in both groups (EG and CG).

Training load control was done by weekly monitoring and adjustment of the weights (kg) used in each exercise.

Inclusion Criteria: Clinical diagnostic for HIV/AIDS. Clinical condition and viral count stabilized. Have been using (HAART) for 6 months or more. Not have participated in physical exercise programs in six months before beginning of study. Not have muscle or joint injuries that make it impossible to practice physical activity. Not be pregnant. Exclusion Criteria: Not attending more than 15% of the intervention sessions or visits to the laboratory. Aggravation of the disease. Stick to a physical activity program in addition to that offered by the study.

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