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Repeat Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Sickle Cell Disease and Falling Donor Myeloid Chimerism Levels

Primary Purpose

Myeloid Chimerism

Status
Recruiting
Phase
Phase 1
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
CliniMACS CD34 Reagent
Sponsored by
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Myeloid Chimerism focused on measuring Stem Cell Transplant

Eligibility Criteria

2 Years - 80 Years (Child, Adult, Older Adult)All SexesAccepts Healthy Volunteers
  • INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Inclusion criteria- recipient

  1. Patient with history of SCD or beta thalassemia who previously underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)
  2. Patient with recurrent SCD defined as HbS greater than or equal to 50% for donors with sickle cell trait and greater than or equal to 10% for donors with HbAA with recurrent clinical manifestations (for example but not limited to recurrent painful crises, acute chest syndrome, priapism, or severe anemia) or patients with recurrent beta thalassemia defined as clinical manifestations such as transfusion-dependence or evidence of extramedullary hematopoiesis. The HbS requirement may be waived by the PI or designee for reasons such as the patient is requiring chronic transfusion therapy or otherwise meets clinical criteria for return of SCD.
  3. Persistent donor chimerism levels
  4. Age greater than or equal to 4 years
  5. Negative beta-HCG
  6. Ejection fraction greater than or equal to 35%
  7. DLCO greater than or equal to 35%

Inclusion- donor

Related donor from original transplant, deemed suitable and eligible, and willing to donate, per clinical evaluations who are additionally willing to donate blood for research. Related donors will be evaluated in accordance with existing Standard NIH Policies and Procedures for determination of eligibility and suitability for clinical donation. Age (Bullet) 2 years <80 years old

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Exclusion criteria- recipient

  1. ECOG performance status of 3 or more or if <16 years of age Lansky score of 50 or lower.
  2. Evidence of uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infections (currently taking medication and progression of clinical symptoms) within one month prior to signing the consent
  3. Patients with fever or suspected minor infection should await resolution of symptoms before signing the consent
  4. Major anticipated illness or organ failure incompatible with survival from PBSC transplant
  5. Pregnant or breastfeeding
  6. History of secondary malignancies (other than localized skin cancer)
  7. Donor-specific HLA antibodies with mean fluorescent intesnity >2,000

Exclusion- donor

None

Sites / Locations

  • National Institutes of Health Clinical CenterRecruiting

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Other

Other

Arm Label

1

2

Arm Description

patients with HLA-matched sibling donors

patients with haploidentical donors

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

dichotomous positive/negative outcome where a positive response is defined by absence of graft rejection
The primary endpoint for each individual is a dichotomous positive/negative outcome where a positive response is defined by absence of graft rejection, and absence of severe acute GVHD (grade 3 and higher), or moderate to severe chronic GVHD evaluated 100 days post-transplant.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Incidence of graft rejection defined as HbS >10% when donors have HbAA and HbS >50% when donors have sickle cell trait
1) Incidence of graft rejection defined as HbS >10% when donors have HbAA and HbS >50% when donors have sickle cell trait 2) Incidence of acute and chronic GVHD 3) The level of chimerism required to maintain both graft survival as well as hematologic normalcy. 4) Incidence of donor type hemoglobin at 1 year post-transplant in SCD patients who have not been transfused in the previous 3 months. 5) Incidence of viral reactivation and disease 6) Disease-free survival and overall survival 7) Relapse rate and graft rejection rate 8) Transplant-related mortality 9) Effects of transplant on organ function 10) Biomarkers associated with tolerance induction

Full Information

First Posted
July 3, 2019
Last Updated
September 22, 2023
Sponsor
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT04008368
Brief Title
Repeat Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Sickle Cell Disease and Falling Donor Myeloid Chimerism Levels
Official Title
Repeat Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Sickle Cell Disease or Beta-Thalassemia and Falling Donor Myeloid Chimerism Levels
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
May 24, 2023
Overall Recruitment Status
Recruiting
Study Start Date
October 24, 2019 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
January 30, 2024 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
January 1, 2030 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Background: Sickle cell disease can often be treated with blood stem cell transplants. But for some people the disease returns. This study will give a second transplant to people whose disease has returned but still have some donor cells in their body. Objective: To cure people s sickle cell disease by giving a second treatment that makes more room in their bone marrow for donor cells. Eligibility: People ages 4 and older with sickle cell disease who had a transplant but the disease returned, and their donor relatives. Donors can be 2 years of age or older. Design: Participants will be screened with medical history, physical exam, and blood tests. Recipients will also be screened with heart and breathing tests, x-rays, a bone marrow sample, and teeth and eye exams. They must have a caregiver. Donors will have 7-8 visits. They will take a drug for 5-6 days to prepare them for the donation. For the donation, blood is taken from a vein in the arm or groin. The stem cells are collected. The rest of the blood is returned. This may be repeated. Recipients will get a long IV line in their arm or chest for about 1-2 months. They will take drugs to help their body accept the donor cells. They will get the donor cells and red blood cell transfusions through the line. They will stay in the hospital about 30 days after the transfusion of donor cells. In first 3 months after the infusion, recipients will have many visits. Then they will have visits every 6 months to 1 year for 5 years. During those visits they will repeat some of the screening tests....
Detailed Description
Nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplants are currently being investigated in phase I/II trials assessing engraftment, efficacy, and toxicity at a number of transplant centers. Our ongoing protocol for patients with severe congenital anemias, particularly sickle cell disease (SCD), and an HLA-matched sibling donor has had excellent preliminary results. None of the patients who engrafted had sickle-related events or any evidence of graft versus host disease (GVHD). There was no significant toxicity associated with the conditioning regimen. An additional protocol is ongoing for patients with high risk of graft rejection which employs pentostatin and oral cyclophosphamide (PC) pre-transplant to further deplete recipient lymphocytes in an attempt to decrease the rate of graft rejection, and to date the engraftment rate has substantially improved. Our first haploidentical transplant protocol showed improving engraftment and success rates with the addition of post-transplant cyclophosphamide, but with a median follow-up of 5 years, the disease-free survival was at best 50%. Our new haploidentical transplant protocol has had some encouraging early results in the first 5 patients transplanted. Based on 67 patients undergoing HLA-matched sibling or haploidentical PBSC transplants at the NIH, we sought to determine what donor chimerism level is necessary to reverse SCD. Three of the patients had falling donor myeloid chimerism (DMC) levels, and when the DMC level fell below 20%, all 3 patients had return of their SCD. Our mathematical model showed that only 20% DMC (which tracks with donor erythroid chimerism) is necessary due to vast differences in donor and recipient red blood cell (RBC) survival. As all 3 patients had persistent but insufficient donor chimerism levels, we performed a PBSC boost using the same donor and busulfan/alemtuzumab conditioning. Haploidentical patients received CD34-selected PBSCs and HLA-matched sibling patients received unmanipulated PBSCs. All 3 patients now remain free of SCD with DMC levels of 100% at 1, 2.5, and 3.5 years post-transplant. Because the same donor was used and no patient experienced graft rejection, the failure of the original protocols likely was due to insufficient myelosuppression and not insufficient immunosuppression. Therefore, in this protocol, we propose repeat PBSC transplants using increased myelosupression and CD34-selected PBSCs in patients with a haploidentical donor and unmanipulated PBSCs in patients with an HLA-matched sibling donor from the same donor in a population of patients who have falling DMC and return of SCD.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Myeloid Chimerism
Keywords
Stem Cell Transplant

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 1, Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Non-Randomized
Enrollment
30 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
1
Arm Type
Other
Arm Description
patients with HLA-matched sibling donors
Arm Title
2
Arm Type
Other
Arm Description
patients with haploidentical donors
Intervention Type
Device
Intervention Name(s)
CliniMACS CD34 Reagent
Intervention Description
Haploidentical recipients will receive CD34-selected cells using Miltenyi CliniMACS CD34+ cell selection kits. The target CD34+ cell dose is at least 10 x 106/kg, and the minimum CD34+ cell dose is 5 x 106/kg. All of the cells collected during the apheresis procedure will be given. The cells will be cryopreserved and stored until the day of transplant.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
dichotomous positive/negative outcome where a positive response is defined by absence of graft rejection
Description
The primary endpoint for each individual is a dichotomous positive/negative outcome where a positive response is defined by absence of graft rejection, and absence of severe acute GVHD (grade 3 and higher), or moderate to severe chronic GVHD evaluated 100 days post-transplant.
Time Frame
5 years
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Incidence of graft rejection defined as HbS >10% when donors have HbAA and HbS >50% when donors have sickle cell trait
Description
1) Incidence of graft rejection defined as HbS >10% when donors have HbAA and HbS >50% when donors have sickle cell trait 2) Incidence of acute and chronic GVHD 3) The level of chimerism required to maintain both graft survival as well as hematologic normalcy. 4) Incidence of donor type hemoglobin at 1 year post-transplant in SCD patients who have not been transfused in the previous 3 months. 5) Incidence of viral reactivation and disease 6) Disease-free survival and overall survival 7) Relapse rate and graft rejection rate 8) Transplant-related mortality 9) Effects of transplant on organ function 10) Biomarkers associated with tolerance induction
Time Frame
5 years

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
2 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
80 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
INCLUSION CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria- recipient Patient with history of SCD or beta thalassemia who previously underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) Patient with recurrent SCD defined as HbS greater than or equal to 50% for donors with sickle cell trait and greater than or equal to 10% for donors with HbAA with recurrent clinical manifestations (for example but not limited to recurrent painful crises, acute chest syndrome, priapism, or severe anemia) or patients with recurrent beta thalassemia defined as clinical manifestations such as transfusion-dependence or evidence of extramedullary hematopoiesis. The HbS requirement may be waived by the PI or designee for reasons such as the patient is requiring chronic transfusion therapy or otherwise meets clinical criteria for return of SCD. Persistent donor chimerism levels Age greater than or equal to 4 years Negative beta-HCG Ejection fraction greater than or equal to 35% DLCO greater than or equal to 35% Inclusion- donor Related donor from original transplant, deemed suitable and eligible, and willing to donate, per clinical evaluations who are additionally willing to donate blood for research. Related donors will be evaluated in accordance with existing Standard NIH Policies and Procedures for determination of eligibility and suitability for clinical donation. Age (Bullet) 2 years <80 years old EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Exclusion criteria- recipient ECOG performance status of 3 or more or if <16 years of age Lansky score of 50 or lower. Evidence of uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infections (currently taking medication and progression of clinical symptoms) within one month prior to signing the consent Patients with fever or suspected minor infection should await resolution of symptoms before signing the consent Major anticipated illness or organ failure incompatible with survival from PBSC transplant Pregnant or breastfeeding History of secondary malignancies (other than localized skin cancer) Donor-specific HLA antibodies with mean fluorescent intesnity >2,000 Exclusion- donor None
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Jennifer L Brooks, R.N.
Phone
(301) 480-6149
Email
jennifer.brooks2@nih.gov
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Courtney F Joseph, M.D.
Phone
(301) 402-6496
Email
courtney.fitzhugh@nih.gov
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Courtney F Joseph, M.D.
Organizational Affiliation
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
City
Bethesda
State/Province
Maryland
ZIP/Postal Code
20892
Country
United States
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
For more information at the NIH Clinical Center contact Office of Patient Recruitment (OPR)
Phone
800-411-1222
Ext
TTY8664111010
Email
prpl@cc.nih.gov

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Links:
URL
https://clinicalstudies.info.nih.gov/cgi/detail.cgi?A_2019-H-0118.html
Description
NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web Page

Learn more about this trial

Repeat Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Sickle Cell Disease and Falling Donor Myeloid Chimerism Levels

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