Back to resultsTraditional Chinese Medicine Pediatric Massage for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms
Primary Purpose
ADHD
Status
Unknown status
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Parent-administered TCM pediatric massage training
Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for ADHD
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Inclusion criteria for the children are:
- children between 3-7 years old by the time of the start of the assessment;
- having a score equal to or higher than the borderline cutoff of the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behaviors Rating Scale (SWAN), indicating the children had moderate ADHD symptoms.
The children with ADHD symptoms of hyperactivity, anxiety, or inattention will be recruited in this study. The rationale for not restricting the study to children with formal diagnosis is that many children are first assessed by professionals after 7 years old, and therefore many children with severe hyperactivity, anxiety, and sleep disturbance symptoms have not yet received a diagnosis. For these children, they together with their parents should be considered according to the inclusion criteria.
Inclusion criteria for parents are:
- able to communicate using Mandarin;
- willing to learn the knowledge and manipulations of TCM pediatric massage for treating ADHD;
- available to take their child to hospital for treatment and conduct manipulations at home according to the study process;
- agree to give informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
Exclusion criteria for children are:
- currently receiving other massage therapy;
- having other developmental disability such as autism spectrum disorders or intellectual disability;
- having acute infection diseases (such as scarlet fever, chickenpox), hemorrhagic diseases (like bleeding, local places of various kinds of malignant tumor), or dermatological problems (e.g. scald, severe skin lesion, or skin infections);
- having any severe illness or medical condition that the investigator deems not appropriate to receive TCM massage (e.g. bone fractures and paraplegia).
Exclusion criteria for parents are:
- having any severe psychiatric disorder, such as major depressive disorder;
- having difficulties to conduct massage therapy due to physical problems;
- having a score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) less than 22, indicating cognitive impairment (Appendix 1: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) - Chinese Version)
Sites / Locations
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm Type
Experimental
Active Comparator
Arm Label
Parent-administered TCM massage group
Parent-child interaction group
Arm Description
Parents of subjects in the parent-administered TCM massage group (n=30) will attend 2 training sessions (5 hours in total) to learn and practice the parent-administered TCM massage for ADHD before treatment starts. The parents will be told to practice the TCM massage on their child every 2 days for 2 months.
Parents in the parent-child interaction group (comparison group, n=30) will attend a 3-hour training course on line and spend extra time on interacting with their child at home.
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Change in The self-completed Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Parent Scale (SNAP-IV-P) - ADHD Scale
It has 26 items that include 18 ADHD symptoms (nine inattentive, nine hyperactive or impulsive) and as specified in the DSM-5. Items are rated for frequency by the parent or teacher on a 4-point scale (0 = not at all to 3 = very much) and average ratings per item are then calculated for each subscale.
Secondary Outcome Measures
Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS)
The PAS-SC is a 34-item parent-rated scale, which assesses anxiety symptoms in young children across six subscales: panic attack and agoraphobia, separation anxiety, physical injury fears, social phobia, obsessive compulsive, generalized anxiety disorder/overanxious disorder.
Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ)
CSHQ is a retrospective, 33- item parent questionnaire that has been used in a number of studies to examine sleep behaviour in young children.
Parental Stress Scale (PSS)
PSS is a measure of "individual differences in the level of stress associated with raising children'', which consists of 18 items on the perception of parental stress and uses a Likert style rating scale.
Clinical Global Impression (CGI)
The CGI is usually used as a standard primary measure in studies investigating the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for psychiatric conditions such as depression, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder and bipolar disorder.
Full Information
NCT ID
NCT04237259
First Posted
January 20, 2020
Last Updated
January 30, 2020
Sponsor
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT04237259
Brief Title
Traditional Chinese Medicine Pediatric Massage for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms
Official Title
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Pediatric Massage for the Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms in Preschool Children: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
January 2020
Overall Recruitment Status
Unknown status
Study Start Date
February 1, 2020 (Anticipated)
Primary Completion Date
July 31, 2020 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
July 31, 2020 (Anticipated)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
4. Oversight
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
This project is designed to preliminarily assess the effects and feasibility of parent-delivered TCM pediatric massage for ADHD symptoms in preschool children.
Detailed Description
Objectives: To preliminarily assess the effects and feasibility of parent-delivered TCM pediatric massage for ADHD symptoms in preschool children.
Hypothesis: The parent-delivered TCM pediatric massage group would have greater improvement in children's hyperactivity, anxiety, and sleep disturbance symptoms when compared to the parent-child interaction group.
Design and subjects: In this pilot randomized controlled trial, 60 pair of children with pre-specified ADHD symptoms and their parent will be recruited and randomized to parent-administered TCM pediatric massage comparison group, and parent-child interaction group at a 1: 1 ratio.
Interventions: Parents of subjects in the parent-administered TCM massage group (n=30) will attend 2 training sessions (5 hours in total) to learn and practice the parent-administered TCM massage for ADHD before treatment starts. The parents will be told to practice the TCM massage on their child every 2 days for 2 months. Parents in the parent-child interaction group (comparison group, n=30) will attend a 3-hour training course on line and spend extra time on interacting with their child at home.
Main outcome measures: The primary outcome measure is the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Parent Scale (SNAP-IV-P). Other outcomes include Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS), Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Parental Stress Scale (PSS) for parental stress, and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI).
Data Analysis: Differences in the scale scores and test parameters between groups will be examined using a linear mixed-effects model.
Expected results: Subjects in the parent-administered TCM massage group will have greater improvements in the ADHD symptoms compared to those in the parent-child interaction group at week 4 and week 8.
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
ADHD
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
Outcomes Assessor
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
60 (Anticipated)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
Parent-administered TCM massage group
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Parents of subjects in the parent-administered TCM massage group (n=30) will attend 2 training sessions (5 hours in total) to learn and practice the parent-administered TCM massage for ADHD before treatment starts. The parents will be told to practice the TCM massage on their child every 2 days for 2 months.
Arm Title
Parent-child interaction group
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Parents in the parent-child interaction group (comparison group, n=30) will attend a 3-hour training course on line and spend extra time on interacting with their child at home.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Parent-administered TCM pediatric massage training
Intervention Description
Massage therapy is a kind of complementary and alternative therapy, which involves a number of techniques such as friction, pressing, rubbing, grasping, pinching, and kneading. TCM pediatric massage, also called pediatric tuina and pediatric anmo, is a special part of TCM massage system that usually use lines or surfaces rather than points as acupoints and the manipulations are different from those of TCM adult massage. From TCM perspective, the pathogenesis of ADHD is the abnormal exuberance of yang, which can be relieved by specific approaches of massage.
Participants in this group will receive two TCM pediatric massage training sessions (5 hours in total, one is 3 hours, and the other is 2 hours). The protocol will be tested for feasibility at the first feasibility stage (the first 8 subjects).
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise
Intervention Description
The principle of progressive muscle relaxation exercise is to achieve a relaxation state through relaxing our muscles. With training, we become more familiarized with the sense of relaxation so that we can voluntarily induce this sensation in the face of a stressor.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Change in The self-completed Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Parent Scale (SNAP-IV-P) - ADHD Scale
Description
It has 26 items that include 18 ADHD symptoms (nine inattentive, nine hyperactive or impulsive) and as specified in the DSM-5. Items are rated for frequency by the parent or teacher on a 4-point scale (0 = not at all to 3 = very much) and average ratings per item are then calculated for each subscale.
Time Frame
Baseline, week 4, week 8
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS)
Description
The PAS-SC is a 34-item parent-rated scale, which assesses anxiety symptoms in young children across six subscales: panic attack and agoraphobia, separation anxiety, physical injury fears, social phobia, obsessive compulsive, generalized anxiety disorder/overanxious disorder.
Time Frame
Baseline, week 4, week 8
Title
Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ)
Description
CSHQ is a retrospective, 33- item parent questionnaire that has been used in a number of studies to examine sleep behaviour in young children.
Time Frame
Baseline, week 4, week 8
Title
Parental Stress Scale (PSS)
Description
PSS is a measure of "individual differences in the level of stress associated with raising children'', which consists of 18 items on the perception of parental stress and uses a Likert style rating scale.
Time Frame
Baseline, week 4, week 8
Title
Clinical Global Impression (CGI)
Description
The CGI is usually used as a standard primary measure in studies investigating the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for psychiatric conditions such as depression, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder and bipolar disorder.
Time Frame
Baseline, week 4, week 8
10. Eligibility
Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
3 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
7 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Inclusion criteria for the children are:
children between 3-7 years old by the time of the start of the assessment;
having a score equal to or higher than the borderline cutoff of the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behaviors Rating Scale (SWAN), indicating the children had moderate ADHD symptoms.
The children with ADHD symptoms of hyperactivity, anxiety, or inattention will be recruited in this study. The rationale for not restricting the study to children with formal diagnosis is that many children are first assessed by professionals after 7 years old, and therefore many children with severe hyperactivity, anxiety, and sleep disturbance symptoms have not yet received a diagnosis. For these children, they together with their parents should be considered according to the inclusion criteria.
Inclusion criteria for parents are:
able to communicate using Mandarin;
willing to learn the knowledge and manipulations of TCM pediatric massage for treating ADHD;
available to take their child to hospital for treatment and conduct manipulations at home according to the study process;
agree to give informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
Exclusion criteria for children are:
currently receiving other massage therapy;
having other developmental disability such as autism spectrum disorders or intellectual disability;
having acute infection diseases (such as scarlet fever, chickenpox), hemorrhagic diseases (like bleeding, local places of various kinds of malignant tumor), or dermatological problems (e.g. scald, severe skin lesion, or skin infections);
having any severe illness or medical condition that the investigator deems not appropriate to receive TCM massage (e.g. bone fractures and paraplegia).
Exclusion criteria for parents are:
having any severe psychiatric disorder, such as major depressive disorder;
having difficulties to conduct massage therapy due to physical problems;
having a score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) less than 22, indicating cognitive impairment (Appendix 1: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) - Chinese Version)
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Plan to Share IPD
Undecided
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
33292826
Citation
Chen SC, Yu J, Suen LK, Sun Y, Pang YZ, Wang DD, Zhao WX, Yeung WF. Pediatric tuina for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in preschool children: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2020 Nov 5;6(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s40814-020-00704-z.
Results Reference
derived
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Traditional Chinese Medicine Pediatric Massage for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms
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