Effects of Brain Stimulation on Cognition, Oscillations and GABA Levels in Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
About this trial
This is an interventional basic science trial for Schizophrenia focused on measuring schizophrenia, EEG, tDCS, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cognitive control, transcranial direct current stimulation, GABA, MR spectroscopy
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Participants must be able to sufficiently speak and understand English so as to be able to understand and complete cognitive tasks.
- All subjects must have the ability to give valid informed consent.
Inclusion Criteria for Patients with Schizophrenia Only:
- Diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizophreniform or schizoaffective disorder
- No medication changes in the prior month
- No medication changes anticipated in the upcoming month
- Stable outpatient or partial hospital status
- Normal IQ (>70; IQ will be measured by administering the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of
- Intelligence (WASI) test)
- Must not be currently taking the antipsychotic clozapine
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pacemakers
- Implanted electrical (brain and spinal) stimulators
- Implanted defibrillator
- Metallic implants
- Skin damage or skin conditions such as eczema at the sites where electrodes will be placed
- Hair styles hindering the placement of electrodes
- Cranial pathologies
- Head trauma
- Epilepsy
- Mental retardation
- Any known history of neurological disorders (including epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, cerebral palsy, any DSM-5 axis I psychiatric disorder (for healthy control subjects), autism)
- Uncorrected vision problems that would hinder cognitive testing (this also pertains to subjects with color blindness in tasks where discriminating colored objects/items is necessary for successful performance)
- Pregnancy
- Substance dependence in the past six months
- Substance abuse in the past month
Sites / Locations
- Imaging Research CenterRecruiting
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Experimental
Experimental
Sham Comparator
Sham Comparator
DLPFC Stimulation + Task
DLPFC Stimulation + Rest
Sham Stimulation + Task
Sham Stimulation + Rest
Intervention. 20 minutes of 2 mA direct current stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during cognitive task completion.
Intervention. 20 minutes of 2 mA direct current stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during rest.
Placebo Comparator. 0.5-1 minutes of 2 mA direct current stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex followed by 19-19.5 minutes of sham stimulation, during cognitive task completion.
Placebo Comparator. 0.5-1 minutes of 2 mA direct current stimulation over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex followed by 19-19.5 minutes of sham stimulation, during rest.