Physical Performance of Women at Different Stages of the Menstrual Cycle, and Photobiomodulation Therapy

Physical Performance of Women at Different Stages of the Menstrual Cycle, and Photobiomodulation Therapy

Mapping the Physical Performance of Women From Endogenous Ovarian Cycles at Different Stages of the Menstrual Cycle, and the Respective Influence of Photobiomodulation Therapy

Hormonal fluctuations present during the ovarian cycle may have a strong influence on physiological and psychological aspects on physical performance in women. The aspects surrounding performance and ovarian cycles in women during different phases of the cycle, are still current and should be debated in the literature, as the available evidence has conflicting results. In addition to the above, new ergogenic methods have been studied to improve the sports scenario in different populations. Research on the use of ergogenic electrophysical resources so that hormonal effects may possibly be mitigated, allowing women to use this resource and improving their physical performance is still scarce in the current literature.

Objective: To evaluate the physical performance of women during different phases of the ovarian cycle and the influence of photobiomodulation therapy in this setting. Methods: The research will be conducted in two subprojects - Subproject I is a cross-sectional study. Initially the participants will be evaluated in two phases separately, being the first and second day within the ovarian cycle in the follicular phase (FF) and the third and fourth day in the luteal phase (FL). The aspects of body composition, body water volume and skin temperature by infrared thermography will be evaluated, and the physical performance evaluation will be constituted by the evaluation of the muscular performance by isokinetic dynamometer, and by a treadmill supramaximal effort test. , together with analysis of VO2max and blood lactate levels. Subproject II is a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. After completion of subproject I, during the next ovarian cycle within the participants will return to conduct the second part of the study, which will analyze the influence of photobiomodulation therapy on the physical performance of women within their menstrual cycle, related to low hormone rate ( FF). 200 J of energy will be applied before each evaluation, which is muscle performance and endurance. The tests will be performed in the same order, following the same protocol in both phases of the study. For data analysis, a normality test will be used to verify the distribution and statistical tests consistent with the appropriate intra and intergroup comparisons, being considered two factors in the comparisons, time and group. A significance level of 5% will be adopted. The effect size will be calculated by Cohens'd.

The randomization and allocation of participants will be performed at beginning of the project, allocating the participants in 2 groups: Endogenous ovarian cycle Photobiomodulation Group(G-FBM-CEN); Endogenous ovarian cycle Sham Group (G - Sham - CEN).

The randomization and allocation of participants will be performed by a researcher who will not have access to evaluations and data collection. The interventions will be carried out by the researcher who made the allocation, and data collection by a second researcher, who is blinded to the allocation of the participants. Participants will not know about their allocation during the collection process and during the intervention they will wear a mask covering their eyes.

Photobiomodulation application in women of endogenous cycle. Antares® equipment (IBRAMED, Amparo-SP, Brazil) will be used, by means of a cluster, with two wavelengths (13 LEDs of 630 nm, 300 mW + 13 LEDs of 850 nm, 500 mW), being its area of 80 cm² contact, acting 180 J of energy being applied at 15 points on each thigh - 9 in the anterior region and 6 in the posterior region, in addition to 2 points in the gastrocnemius.

Sham Photobiomodulation (disabled) application in women of endogenous cycle. The procedure and equipment will be the same as for the experimental groups, however no dosage will be applied: Antares® equipment (IBRAMED, Amparo-SP, Brazil) will be used, by means of a cluster, with two wavelengths (13 LEDs of 630 nm, 300 mW + 13 LEDs of 850 nm, 500 mW), being its area of 80 cm² contact, with 0 J of energy being applied at 15 points on each thigh - 9 in the anterior region and 6 in the posterior region, in addition to 2 points in the gastrocnemius.

Modified 10-point Borg scale The scale assesses the level of effort, with 0 being no effort and 10 being the maximum physical effort.

Inclusion Criteria: Women 18 to 35 years Healthy Physically Active (150 min / week) Exclusion Criteria: Eating disorders; Hormonal disorders; Amenorrhea; Pregnancy; Polycystic ovary; Endometriosis; Tumors; Musculoskeletal injury in the last 6 months; Cardiorespiratory disease; Use of alcohol and illegal drugs during the study.