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Testing the Efficacy of the Ability School Engagement Partnership Program (ASEP) (ASEP)

Primary Purpose

School Attendance, Welfare Dependence, Antisocial Behavior

Status
Unknown status
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
Australia
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Ability School Engagement Program Conference
Sponsored by
The University of Queensland
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for School Attendance focused on measuring School Attendance, Welfare Dependence, Antisocial Behavior, Third-Party Policing Partnerships

Eligibility Criteria

12 Years - 16 Years (Child)All SexesAccepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • High school aged young people only, aged 12 to 16;
  • Have 15% or more unexplained absences over each other previous two school terms;
  • Have no known legitimate explanation for absences (e.g., ongoing medical issue); and
  • Have at least one responsibly adult in their lives (e.g., parent, guardian, or carer) who provides social and/or financial support.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None

Sites / Locations

  • The University of QueenslandRecruiting

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

No Intervention

Arm Label

Experiment

Control

Arm Description

For young people from schools randomly assigned to the experimental ASEP condition will participate in the ASEP intervention. The ASEP intervention is a Third-Party Policing partnership that involves a partnership between police and school, an ASEP conference and follow up which is organized and led by a conference facilitator with the young person, their parent (or guardian), a school representative (e.g., teacher), and a uniformed school-based police officer. The police and school representatives will be trained by the facilitator to utilize procedurally just dialogue during the entirety of the conference. The ASEP conference script will utilize a procedurally just dialogue to increase both the young person and their parents' perceptions and knowledge of the legitimacy of the truancy laws, police, and schools in order to gain willing compliance to follow the rules.

Participants allocated to the control condition will be given the "business-as-usual' approach to handling school non-attendance. The control participants will be sanctioned in the usual manner for engaging in truancy through the requirements denoted in the Queensland Education (General Provisions) Act (2006).

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Official School Absences
A count of the number of school absences of young people.
Official Arrest Records
A count of official arrest records of young people.
Perceptions of School Legitimacy
These measures are adapted from the original ASEP Project Trial (Mazerolle, 2014). The original ASEP researchers adapted these scales from Murphy and Mearns (2008), Sunshine and Tyler (2003), and Tankebe (2009). These indices include five items that address respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of legitimacy of school staff with higher values equating to better perceptions of school staff legitimacy.
Perceptions of School Procedural Justice
These measures are adapted from the original ASEP Project Trial (Mazerolle, 2014). The original ASEP researchers adapted these scales from Murphy and Mearns (2008), Sunshine and Tyler (2003), and Tankebe (2009). These indices include five items that address respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of procedural justice of school staff with higher values equating to better perceptions of school staff procedural justice.
Perceptions of Police Legitimacy
These measures are adapted from the original ASEP Project Trial (Mazerolle, 2014). The original ASEP researchers adapted these scales from Murphy and Mearns (2008), Sunshine and Tyler (2003), and Tankebe (2009). These indices include five items that address respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of legitimacy of police in general with higher values equating to better perceptions of police legitimacy.
Perceptions of Police Procedural Justice
These measures are adapted from the original ASEP Project Trial (Mazerolle, 2014). The original ASEP researchers adapted these scales from Murphy and Mearns (2008), Sunshine and Tyler (2003), and Tankebe (2009). These indices include five items that address respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of procedural justice of police in general.
Perceptions of Family Legitimacy
Adapted from the work of Trinkner, 2012; Trinkner et al., 2012; Trinker & Cohn, 2014. Measures respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of family legitimacy with higher values equating to better perceptions of family legitimacy.
Perceptions of Family Procedural Justice
Adapted from the work of Trinkner, 2012; Trinkner et al., 2012; Trinker & Cohn, 2014. Measures respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of family procedural justice with higher values equating to better perceptions of family legitimacy.
General Well-being
The Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS; Haver et al., 2015; Stewart-Brown et al., 2009; Taggart et al., 2015; Tennant et al., 2007) to be administered to young people and parents in the experimental condition only. It includes 7 items, scores range from 7 to 35, and higher scores coincide with better well-being.
Self-efficacy
Includes 12 items from the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) Inventory (Carver et al., 1989; Carver, 1997) to be administered to young people and parents in the experimental condition only. Scores will range from 12 to 48 and coded so that higher values equate to better coping skills.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Full Information

First Posted
February 20, 2020
Last Updated
March 5, 2020
Sponsor
The University of Queensland
Collaborators
Restorative Outcomes Australia, Department of Education, Queensland, Queensland Police Service, Australian Department of Social Services
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT04281966
Brief Title
Testing the Efficacy of the Ability School Engagement Partnership Program (ASEP)
Acronym
ASEP
Official Title
Testing the Efficacy of the Ability School Engagement Partnership Program (ASEP)
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
March 2020
Overall Recruitment Status
Unknown status
Study Start Date
June 21, 2019 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
November 30, 2021 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
November 30, 2021 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
The University of Queensland
Collaborators
Restorative Outcomes Australia, Department of Education, Queensland, Queensland Police Service, Australian Department of Social Services

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
This project is an up-scaled test of the Ability School Engagement Partnership (ASEP) Project. The ASEP is a partnership program that aims to increase school attendance and is grounded in the theory of Third-Party-Policing (TPP). In ASEP, school-based police officers partner with schools (i.e., the third-party) who have legal powers to control and prevent school absenteeism. The ASEP intervention includes an ASEP conference in which the legal requirements to attend school are explicitly communicated in a procedurally just way to young people missing school and their parents/guardians. Restorative Outcomes Australia (ROA) is a provide provider partner who will oversee the facilitation of the ASEP conferences. While the program is designed to re-engage these young people in school and/or facilitate transitions to work and reduce antisocial behavior (e.g., delinquency), this trial will also test the capacity of the program to improve collaboration between the schools and police and also monitor young participants' future life outcomes, such as future welfare dependence.
Detailed Description
The ASEP is grounded in the theory of Third Party Policing (TPP). TPP interventions focus on controlling negative behavioral outcomes through partnerships that use a third party's legal powers. In ASEP, the police partner with the schools to work together to engage with young people, reduce their anti-social behavior and increase their school attendance. At the core of the partnership is communication of the legal lever: in ASEP, it is the Queensland Education (General Provisions) Act (2006) - requiring young people attend school up to age 16 and holding parents legally responsible. The laws are communicated to parents and young people who are not regularly attending school in a procedurally fair way within the context of an ASEP conference. The ASEP conference is especially designed to incorporate fair communication of the laws and consequences and involves a purpose-built script that seeks to increase willingness of both parents and young people to comply with the law. The ASEP conference participants include a trained facilitator (from Restorative Outcomes Australia; ROA), the young person missing a lot of school, their parent or guardian, a uniformed school-based police officer, and a school representative (e.g., teacher). An individually tailored Action Plan is developed during the conference which stipulate the "actions" that all conference participants are to take over the subsequent two months in order to ensure that the young person increases their school attendance and re-engages with school and/or transitions into paid work.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
School Attendance, Welfare Dependence, Antisocial Behavior
Keywords
School Attendance, Welfare Dependence, Antisocial Behavior, Third-Party Policing Partnerships

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Model Description
The current project utilizes a randomized controlled cluster trial to assess the efficacy of the ASEP intervention and thereby theoretically test the efficacy of third-party-policing. Data will be collected from high schools that are in either socially disadvantaged areas or have students who reside in socially disadvantaged areas. A total of 69 high schools were identified as eligible for the Trial based upon measures of social disadvantage. The 69 eligible high schools were randomly assigned to participate in the ASEP (experiment) or business-as-usual (control) conditions. Young people from schools who take part in the ASEP (experiment) will be recruited from the experimental schools. Official data will be obtained about the young people (identified for those in the experimental condition who consent; de-identified for the young people in the control schools).
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
753 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Experiment
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
For young people from schools randomly assigned to the experimental ASEP condition will participate in the ASEP intervention. The ASEP intervention is a Third-Party Policing partnership that involves a partnership between police and school, an ASEP conference and follow up which is organized and led by a conference facilitator with the young person, their parent (or guardian), a school representative (e.g., teacher), and a uniformed school-based police officer. The police and school representatives will be trained by the facilitator to utilize procedurally just dialogue during the entirety of the conference. The ASEP conference script will utilize a procedurally just dialogue to increase both the young person and their parents' perceptions and knowledge of the legitimacy of the truancy laws, police, and schools in order to gain willing compliance to follow the rules.
Arm Title
Control
Arm Type
No Intervention
Arm Description
Participants allocated to the control condition will be given the "business-as-usual' approach to handling school non-attendance. The control participants will be sanctioned in the usual manner for engaging in truancy through the requirements denoted in the Queensland Education (General Provisions) Act (2006).
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
Ability School Engagement Program Conference
Intervention Description
The ASEP conference focuses on understanding the reasons behind why the young person is not attending school regularly, understand how the young person's non-attendance affects other conference participants, highlight the legal consequences of parents and/or guardians to ensure that their child attends school, and the development of a young person-centered Action Plan, which will specifically detail the "actions" that all parties are to take over the next three months to ensure that the young person re-engages with school and/or transitions into paid work.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Official School Absences
Description
A count of the number of school absences of young people.
Time Frame
Six-Months Post-Intervention
Title
Official Arrest Records
Description
A count of official arrest records of young people.
Time Frame
Six-Months Post Intervention
Title
Perceptions of School Legitimacy
Description
These measures are adapted from the original ASEP Project Trial (Mazerolle, 2014). The original ASEP researchers adapted these scales from Murphy and Mearns (2008), Sunshine and Tyler (2003), and Tankebe (2009). These indices include five items that address respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of legitimacy of school staff with higher values equating to better perceptions of school staff legitimacy.
Time Frame
Two-months post intervention
Title
Perceptions of School Procedural Justice
Description
These measures are adapted from the original ASEP Project Trial (Mazerolle, 2014). The original ASEP researchers adapted these scales from Murphy and Mearns (2008), Sunshine and Tyler (2003), and Tankebe (2009). These indices include five items that address respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of procedural justice of school staff with higher values equating to better perceptions of school staff procedural justice.
Time Frame
Two-months post intervention
Title
Perceptions of Police Legitimacy
Description
These measures are adapted from the original ASEP Project Trial (Mazerolle, 2014). The original ASEP researchers adapted these scales from Murphy and Mearns (2008), Sunshine and Tyler (2003), and Tankebe (2009). These indices include five items that address respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of legitimacy of police in general with higher values equating to better perceptions of police legitimacy.
Time Frame
Two-months post intervention
Title
Perceptions of Police Procedural Justice
Description
These measures are adapted from the original ASEP Project Trial (Mazerolle, 2014). The original ASEP researchers adapted these scales from Murphy and Mearns (2008), Sunshine and Tyler (2003), and Tankebe (2009). These indices include five items that address respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of procedural justice of police in general.
Time Frame
Two-months post intervention
Title
Perceptions of Family Legitimacy
Description
Adapted from the work of Trinkner, 2012; Trinkner et al., 2012; Trinker & Cohn, 2014. Measures respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of family legitimacy with higher values equating to better perceptions of family legitimacy.
Time Frame
Two-months post intervention
Title
Perceptions of Family Procedural Justice
Description
Adapted from the work of Trinkner, 2012; Trinkner et al., 2012; Trinker & Cohn, 2014. Measures respondents' (young people and parents/guardians in the experimental group only) perceptions of family procedural justice with higher values equating to better perceptions of family legitimacy.
Time Frame
Two-months post intervention
Title
General Well-being
Description
The Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS; Haver et al., 2015; Stewart-Brown et al., 2009; Taggart et al., 2015; Tennant et al., 2007) to be administered to young people and parents in the experimental condition only. It includes 7 items, scores range from 7 to 35, and higher scores coincide with better well-being.
Time Frame
Two-months post intervention
Title
Self-efficacy
Description
Includes 12 items from the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) Inventory (Carver et al., 1989; Carver, 1997) to be administered to young people and parents in the experimental condition only. Scores will range from 12 to 48 and coded so that higher values equate to better coping skills.
Time Frame
Two-months post intervention

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
12 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
16 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: High school aged young people only, aged 12 to 16; Have 15% or more unexplained absences over each other previous two school terms; Have no known legitimate explanation for absences (e.g., ongoing medical issue); and Have at least one responsibly adult in their lives (e.g., parent, guardian, or carer) who provides social and/or financial support. Exclusion Criteria: None
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Lorraine Mazerolle, Ph.D.
Phone
+61 7 334 67877
Email
l.mazerolle@uq.edu.au
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Lorraine Mazerolle, Ph.D.
Organizational Affiliation
The University of Queensland
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Sarah Bennett, Ph.D.
Organizational Affiliation
The University of Queensland
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Stephanie Cardwell, Ph.D.
Organizational Affiliation
The University of Queensland
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
The University of Queensland
City
Brisbane
State/Province
Queensland
ZIP/Postal Code
4072
Country
Australia
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Lorraine Mazerolle, Ph.D.
Phone
+61 7 334 67877
Email
l.mazerolle@uq.edu.au
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Lorraine Mazerolle, Ph.D.
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Sarah Bennett, Ph.D.
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Stephanie M Cardwell, Ph.D.

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Citations:
Citation
Antrobus, E., Bennett, S., Mazerolle, L., & Eggins, E. (2019). Parental and student perceptions of procedural justice and legitimacy in the context of truancy: Results from a randomized field trial. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 52(4), 534-557.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Bennett, S., Mazerolle, L., Antrobus, E., Eggins, E., & Piquero, A. R. (2018). Truancy intervention reduces crime: Results from a randomized field trial. Justice Quarterly, 35(2), 309-329.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Cardwell, S. M., Mazerolle, L., & Piquero, A. R. (2019). Parental attachment and truant rationalizations of antisocial behavior: findings from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Crime and Justice, 1-19.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Cardwell, S. M., Mazerolle, L., & Piquero, A. R. (2019). Truancy intervention and violent offending: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 49.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Cardwell, S. M., Mazerolle, L., Bennett, S., & Piquero, A. R. (2019). Changing the relationship between impulsivity and antisocial behavior: the impact of a school engagement program. Crime & Delinquency, 65(8), 1076-1101.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
2926629
Citation
Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK. Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989 Feb;56(2):267-83. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.56.2.267.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Cohn, E. S., Trinkner, R. J., Rebellon, C. J., Van Gundy, K. T., & Cole, L. M. (2012). Legal attitudes and legitimacy: Extending the integrated legal socialization model. Victims & Offenders, 7(4), 385-406.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Mazerolle, L. (2014). The power of policing partnerships: Sustaining the gains. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 10(3), 341-365.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
28317075
Citation
Mazerolle L, Antrobus E, Bennett S, Eggins E. Reducing Truancy and Fostering a Willingness to Attend School: Results from a Randomized Trial of a Police-School Partnership Program. Prev Sci. 2017 May;18(4):469-480. doi: 10.1007/s11121-017-0771-7.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Mazerolle, L., Antrobus, E., Cardwell, S. M., Piquero, A. R., & Bennett, S. (2019). Harmonizing legal socialization to reduce antisocial behavior: Results from a randomized field trial of truanting young people. Justice Quarterly, 1-28.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Mazerolle, L., Bennett, S., Antrobus, E., Cardwell, S. M., Eggins, E., & Piquero, A. R. (2019). Disrupting the pathway from truancy to delinquency: a randomized field trial test of the longitudinal impact of a school engagement program. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 35(4), 663-689.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Murphy, K., & Mearns, M. (2008). The Public Safety and Security in Australia Survey: Survey methodology and preliminary findings. ARC Centre for Excellence in Policing and Security (Working Paper, October 2008). The Australian National University.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Sunshine, J., & Tyler, T. R. (2003). The role of procedural justice and legitimacy in shaping public support for policing. Law & Society Review, 37(3), 513-548.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Tankebe, J. (2009). Public cooperation with the police in Ghana: Does procedural fairness matter? Criminology, 47(4), 1265-1293.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
18042300
Citation
Tennant R, Hiller L, Fishwick R, Platt S, Joseph S, Weich S, Parkinson J, Secker J, Stewart-Brown S. The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2007 Nov 27;5:63. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-5-63.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Trinkner, R. (2012). Testing the procedural justice model of legal socialization: Expanding beyond the legal world. (Doctoral dissertation). University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire.
Results Reference
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PubMed Identifier
21669454
Citation
Trinkner R, Cohn ES, Rebellon CJ, Van Gundy K. Don't trust anyone over 30: parental legitimacy as a mediator between parenting style and changes in delinquent behavior over time. J Adolesc. 2012 Feb;35(1):119-32. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.05.003. Epub 2011 Jun 12.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
25243981
Citation
Trinkner R, Cohn ES. Putting the "social" back in legal socialization: procedural justice, legitimacy, and cynicism in legal and nonlegal authorities. Law Hum Behav. 2014 Dec;38(6):602-17. doi: 10.1037/lhb0000107. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
16250744
Citation
Carver CS. You want to measure coping but your protocol's too long: consider the brief COPE. Int J Behav Med. 1997;4(1):92-100. doi: 10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6.
Results Reference
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PubMed Identifier
26041133
Citation
Haver A, Akerjordet K, Caputi P, Furunes T, Magee C. Measuring mental well-being: A validation of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale in Norwegian and Swedish. Scand J Public Health. 2015 Nov;43(7):721-7. doi: 10.1177/1403494815588862. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
19228398
Citation
Stewart-Brown S, Tennant A, Tennant R, Platt S, Parkinson J, Weich S. Internal construct validity of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): a Rasch analysis using data from the Scottish Health Education Population Survey. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2009 Feb 19;7:15. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-7-15.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Taggart, F., Stewart-Brown, S., & Parkinson, J. (2015). Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) User Guide, Version 2. NHS Health Scotland.
Results Reference
background
Links:
URL
https://www.crimesolutions.gov/ProgramDetails.aspx?ID=580
Description
Crime Solutions: Ability School Engagement Program

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Testing the Efficacy of the Ability School Engagement Partnership Program (ASEP)

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