Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Adverse Outcomes in Patients With COVID19 (BRACE-CORONA)

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Adverse Outcomes in Patients With COVID19

Suspension of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19). A Randomized Trial

Suspension of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Infection.

Several interactions by pre-existing therapies for chronic diseases, therapies used by SARS-CoV2 infection generate doubts about risks and benefits. Among these situations in which the current data indicate a situation of equipoise would be about the maintenance or suspension of ACEI / BRA in patients with SARS-CoV2 infection. Increasing the expression of ECA-2 could increase the binding to the virus, however, there are studies that indicate this increase in ECA-2 could be protective. So far, there is no clinical evidence to confirm any of the theories, and this question can only be clarified through a randomized clinical trial. The objective is to evaluate the impact of the suspension of the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (BRA) on the length of hospital stay and on the mortality of patients with SARS-CoV2 infection.

Suspension or Maintenance of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Suspension or Maintenance of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors

The primary outcome of the study will be days alive and outside the hospital (DAOH) at 30 days. This endpoint will be calculated for each included patient and the calculation will be from the date of randomization to the 30-day post-randomization. The DAOH endpoint represents the follow-up time (30 days) subtracted from the hospitalization days and/or the days between death and the end of follow-up.

Cardiovascular outcomes such as progression of COVID-19, mortality (general and cardiovascular), acute myocardial infarction, stroke / TIA, new heart failure or worsening of pre-existing HF, myocarditis, pericarditis, arrhythmias requiring treatment, phenomena thromboembolic events, hypertensive crisis, respiratory failure, hemodynamic decompensation, sepsis, renal failure. All events will be reported according to CTCAE 4.0

Evaluate levels of biomarkers [troponin, type B natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal natriuretic peptide type B (NT-ProBNP), D-dimer, total lymphocytes , CD4, CD8, macrophages, cytokines, in addition to biomarkers detected by proteomics and metabolomics].

Inclusion Criteria: Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 diagnosis using ACE inhibitors or blockers of angiotensin receptor; Patients ≥ 18 years old; Maximum use of 3 antihypertensive drugs; Sign the consent form. Exclusion Criteria: Severe evolution with orotracheal intubation, use of mechanical ventilation and / or hemodynamic instability in the first 24 hours until COVID-19 diagnosis confirmation; Patients hospitalized per decompensated congestive heart failure in the last 12 months; Use of Sacubitril/Valsartan Pregnancy Recent acute renal failure and shock

Macedo AVS, de Barros E Silva PGM, de Paula TC, Moll-Bernardes RJ, Mendonca Dos Santos T, Mazza L, Feldman A, Arruda GDAS, de Albuquerque DC, de Sousa AS, de Souza OF, Gibson CM, Granger CB, Alexander JH, Lopes RD. Discontinuing vs continuing ACEIs and ARBs in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 according to disease severity: Insights from the BRACE CORONA trial. Am Heart J. 2022 Jul;249:86-97. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2022.04.001. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Lopes RD, Macedo AVS, de Barros E Silva PGM, Moll-Bernardes RJ, Dos Santos TM, Mazza L, Feldman A, D'Andrea Saba Arruda G, de Albuquerque DC, Camiletti AS, de Sousa AS, de Paula TC, Giusti KGD, Domiciano RAM, Noya-Rabelo MM, Hamilton AM, Loures VA, Dionisio RM, Furquim TAB, De Luca FA, Dos Santos Sousa IB, Bandeira BS, Zukowski CN, de Oliveira RGG, Ribeiro NB, de Moraes JL, Petriz JLF, Pimentel AM, Miranda JS, de Jesus Abufaiad BE, Gibson CM, Granger CB, Alexander JH, de Souza OF; BRACE CORONA Investigators. Effect of Discontinuing vs Continuing Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers on Days Alive and Out of the Hospital in Patients Admitted With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2021 Jan 19;325(3):254-264. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.25864.