Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy on the Temporomandibular Joint During Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion
Malocclusion Class II
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Malocclusion Class II
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Skeletal Class II (ANB°> 5°) with the normal maxilla (SNA°=82°±4°) and retrognathic mandible (SNB°< 78°).
- Overjet greater than 5 mm.
- Minimal crowding in dental arches (≤ 3 mm).
- The lower incisors should be on average inclination or slightly retroclined.
- All the patients were in stages II and III based on the modified cervical vertebral maturation stages(CVMS) according to Bacetti et al.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Previous history of orthodontic treatment.
- Congenitally missing or extracted permanent tooth (except third molars).
- Posterior crossbites or severe maxillary transverse deficiency.
- Severe facial asymmetry determined by clinical or radiographic examination.
- Poor oral hygiene.
- Systemic diseases that may affect orthodontic treatment results.
Sites / Locations
- Faculty of Dental Medicine (Boys), Al- Azhar University,
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
No Intervention
Experimental
control group
laser group
12 patients treated with twin block functional appliance without low-level laser application for 9 month
12 patients treated with twin block functional appliance with low-level laser application with the following set parameters; 635 nm wavelength in continuous-wave mode, 50 mw power output, 4.5 J/cm2 energy density, 11.25 J total dose per side, 45 seconds/ point, and 8 mm fiber optic tip diameter. The laser was applied at five points located within TMJ region on both right and left sides in contact with skin as follows: lateral, superior, anterior, posterior, and posterior- inferior points. Laser application was repeated weekly for three months according to a standard protocol