Efficacy of Phosphatidylcholine in NAFLD

Efficacy of Phosphatidylcholine in Addition to Behavior Therapy by Clinical Pharmacist in the Management of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD)

This study evaluates efficacy of Phosphatidylcholine in addition to life style modification and patient health education by clinical Pharmacist in the Management of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver NAFLD. All participants with NAFLD will receive life style intervention and half of them will receive additionally Phosphatidylcholine.

As a result of increasing rates of obesity Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder affecting 17-46% of adults and parallels the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its components which also increases the risk of more advanced disease both in adults and in children. Its pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial, mainly involving genetic, environmental and metabolic factors. New concepts are constantly appearing in the literature, promising new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Further studies are needed to better characterize not only NAFLD development but overall NAFLD progression, in order to better identify NAFLD patients at higher risk of metabolic, cardiovascular and neoplastic complications. Pharmacological treatments aimed primarily at improving liver disease should generally be limited to those with biopsy-proven Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis. Not much therapeutic options for NAFLD are accepted until today besides correction of obesity with hypocaloric diets and physical exercise and controlling hyperglycemia with diet, insulin, or oral hypoglycemic agents. Weight loss generally reduces hepatic steatosis.Essential phospholipid (EPL) as a nutritional supplement is one of the drugs under discussion with significant positive effects as antioxidative, antifibrotic effects and high biocompatibility on NAFLD.

50 Participants with NAFLD that receive lifestyle modification by Clinical Pharmacist plus Phosphatidylcholine two soft capsules 3 times daily(2.1 g per day) for 6 month

Liver Stiffness and fibrosis score measured by Transient elastography (Fibroscan) F0 = no fibrosis F1 = portal fibrosis without septa F2 = portal fibrosis with few septa F3 = numerous septa without cirrhosis F4 = cirrhosis

NAFLD Fibrosis Score is based on six readily available variables (age, BMI, hyperglycemia, albumin, platelet count, AST/ALT ratio) and it is calculated using published formula (http: //naflds- core.com) . A low cutpoint (score < -1.455) signified the absence of advanced fibrosis, whereas a high cutpoint (score> 0.676) identified advanced fibrosis.

HOMA IR scores <3 normal HOMA IR scores >5 severe insulin resistance 3 to 5 moderate insulin resistance

Patients were included in the study when the following criteria to were fulfilled : Inclusion Criteria: fatty liver upon Ultrasonography (US) /Computed Tomography (CT) /Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with either incidental increased Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) the presence of risk factors related to NAFLD + increased ALT symptomatic liver disease +/- hepatomegaly, +/- increased ALT homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance HOMA IR score > 3 presence of liver steatosis or stiffness measured by transient elastography eligible patients had at least one of the following metabolic comorbidities: hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, overweight/obesity (BMI>27 kg/m2) serum cholesterol of > 200 mg/d Patients were excluded from the study if showing evidence : Exclusion Criteria: if showing evidence of alcoholic or chronic liver disease Hepatocellular Carcinoma, autoimmune hepatitis end stage liver disease treatment with other hepatoprotectants other concomitant EPL within 30 days of study initiation pregnancy or lactation

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Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, Charlton M, Cusi K, Rinella M, Harrison SA, Brunt EM, Sanyal AJ. The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2018 Jan;67(1):328-357. doi: 10.1002/hep.29367. Epub 2017 Sep 29. No abstract available.