Back to results

Low-dose S-ketamine in Women With Prenatal Depression

Primary Purpose

Prenatal Depression, Ketamine, Postpartum Depression

Status

Completed

Phase

Not Applicable

Locations

China

Study Type

Interventional

Intervention

S-ketamine

Placebo

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for Prenatal Depression focused on measuring Prenatal Depression, S-ketamine, Postpartum Depression

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)FemaleDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

Maternal age ≥18 years;
Prenatal Edinburgh postnatal depression scale score ≥10 points.

Exclusion Criteria:

A clear history of mental illness (depression, schizophrenia, etc.) or communication difficulties;
Severe pregnancy complications, such as severe preeclampsia, placental implantation, HELLP (syndrome hemolytic anemia, elevated liver function and low platelet count) syndrom, placenta previa, and placental abruption;
American Society of Anesthesiologists classification ≥III;
Presence of contraindications to ketamine/s-ketamine use, such as refractory hypertension, severe cardiovascular disease (New York Heart Association classification ≥III), and hyperthyroidism.

Sites / Locations

Peking University First Hospital
Beijing Tiantan Hospital
Peking University International Hospital
Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital
Huaian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital
Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital
Women's Hospital School Of Medicine Zhejiang University

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

Placebo Comparator

Arm Label

S-katamine group

Placebo group

Arm Description

For women in this group, study drug (s-ketamine 0.2 mg/kg in 20 ml normal saline) will be infused at a rate of 30 ml/h (infusion finished in 40 minutes) after giving birth. Women will be monitored for 60 minutes and then sent back to the ward.

For women in this group, study drug (20 ml normal saline) will be infused at a rate of 30 ml/h (infusion finished in 40 minutes) after giving birth. Women will be monitored for 60 minutes and then sent back to the ward.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

The incidence of depression at 42 days postpartum.

Depression at 42 days postpartum will be diagnosed by psychiatrists according to the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)-6.0.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Maternal depression score at 7 days postpartum.

Maternal depression will be assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; score range 0-30, with higher score indicating more severe depression). The assessment will be conducted by a telephone interview.

Maternal depression score at 42 days postpartum.

Maternal depression severity at 42 days postpartum.

Maternal depression severity will be assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD; score range 0-52, with higher score indicating more severe depression). The assessment will be conducted by a face-to-face interview or an online video interview.

Intensity of pain at 1, 7, and 42 days postpartum.

Intensity of pain will be assessed with the numeric rating scale (a 11-point scale where 0=no pain and 10=the worst pain).

Maternal breast feeding at 1, 7, and 42 days postpartum.

The mode of baby feeding include breast feeding, mixed feeding, or formula feeding.

Length of hospital stay after giving birth.

Incidence of maternal complications within 42 days postpartum.

Maternal complications are defined as those that are harmful to maternal health and require medical intervention.

Incidence of neonatal diseases within 42 days.

Neonatal diseases are defined as those that require medical intervention.

Full Information

NCT ID

NCT04414943

First Posted

June 1, 2020

Last Updated

April 1, 2023

Sponsor

Peking University First Hospital

Collaborators

Peking University International Hospital, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Women's Hospital School Of Medicine Zhejiang University

1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number

NCT04414943

Brief Title

Low-dose S-ketamine in Women With Prenatal Depression

Official Title

Effects of Low-dose S-ketamine on the Incidence of Postpartum Depression in Women With Prenatal Depression: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial

Study Type

Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date

April 2023

Overall Recruitment Status

Completed

Study Start Date

June 19, 2020 (Actual)

Primary Completion Date

August 3, 2022 (Actual)

Study Completion Date

August 3, 2022 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title

Principal Investigator

Name of the Sponsor

Peking University First Hospital

Collaborators

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product

Data Monitoring Committee

Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary

Prenatal depression is an important risk factor of postpartum depression. Low-dose ketamine has been used for depression treatment. As a stereoisomer of ketamine, s-ketamine has similar effects to ketamine in anti-depression. We speculate that, for pregnant women with prenatal depression, low-dose s-ketamine infusion after childbirth may reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.

Detailed Description

Studies have shown that prenatal depression symptoms are important predictors of postpartum depression. Screening of pregnant women's mental condition before giving birth, early identification of pregnant women with symptoms of prenatal depression, and providing appropriate interventions may play an important role in reducing the incidence of postpartum depression. Ketamine is an NMDA-receptor antagonist. In recent years, many studies confirmed that ketamine has a significant antidepressant effect. As a stereoisomer of ketamine, s-ketamine has similar effects to ketamine in anti-depression. In clinical application, s-ketamine has stronger analgesic effect, better anesthetic effect and lower incidence of adverse psychological reactions. We speculate that, for pregnant women with prenatal depression, low-dose s-ketamine infusions after childbirth may reduce postpartum depression. Evidence is lacking in this regard.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study

Prenatal Depression, Ketamine, Postpartum Depression

Keywords

Prenatal Depression, S-ketamine, Postpartum Depression

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose

Prevention

Study Phase

Not Applicable

Interventional Study Model

Parallel Assignment

Masking

ParticipantCare ProviderInvestigatorOutcomes Assessor

Allocation

Randomized

Enrollment

364 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title

S-katamine group

Arm Type

Experimental

Arm Description

Arm Title

Placebo group

Arm Type

Placebo Comparator

Arm Description

Intervention Type

Drug

Intervention Name(s)

S-ketamine

Other Intervention Name(s)

S-ketamine hydrochloride

Intervention Description

For women in this group, active drug (s-ketamine 0.2 mg/kg in 20 ml normal saline) will be infused at a rate of 30 ml/h (infusion finished in 40 minutes) after giving birth. They will be monitored for 60 minutes and then sent back to the ward.

Intervention Type

Drug

Intervention Name(s)

Placebo

Other Intervention Name(s)

Normal saline

Intervention Description

For women in this group, placebo (20 ml normal saline) will be infused at a rate of 30 ml/h (infusion finished in 40 minutes) after giving birth. They will be monitored for 60 minutes and then sent back to the ward.

Primary Outcome Measure Information:

Title

The incidence of depression at 42 days postpartum.

Description

Depression at 42 days postpartum will be diagnosed by psychiatrists according to the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)-6.0.

Time Frame

At 42 days after childbirth.

Secondary Outcome Measure Information:

Title

Maternal depression score at 7 days postpartum.

Description

Time Frame

At 7 days after childbirth.

Title

Maternal depression score at 42 days postpartum.

Description

Time Frame

At 42 days after childbirth.

Title

Maternal depression severity at 42 days postpartum.

Description

Time Frame

At 42 days after childbirth.

Title

Intensity of pain at 1, 7, and 42 days postpartum.

Description

Intensity of pain will be assessed with the numeric rating scale (a 11-point scale where 0=no pain and 10=the worst pain).

Time Frame

At 1, 7, and 42 days after childbirth.

Title

Maternal breast feeding at 1, 7, and 42 days postpartum.

Description

The mode of baby feeding include breast feeding, mixed feeding, or formula feeding.

Time Frame

At 1, 7, and 42 days after childbirth.

Title

Length of hospital stay after giving birth.

Description

Length of hospital stay after giving birth.

Time Frame

Up to 30 days after giving birth.

Title

Incidence of maternal complications within 42 days postpartum.

Description

Maternal complications are defined as those that are harmful to maternal health and require medical intervention.

Time Frame

Up to 42 days after giving birth.

Title

Incidence of neonatal diseases within 42 days.

Description

Neonatal diseases are defined as those that require medical intervention.

Time Frame

Up to 42 days after birth.

10. Eligibility

Sex

Female

Gender Based

Yes

Gender Eligibility Description

This clinical trail is based in pregnant women.

Minimum Age & Unit of Time

18 Years

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria: Maternal age ≥18 years; Prenatal Edinburgh postnatal depression scale score ≥10 points. Exclusion Criteria: A clear history of mental illness (depression, schizophrenia, etc.) or communication difficulties; Severe pregnancy complications, such as severe preeclampsia, placental implantation, HELLP (syndrome hemolytic anemia, elevated liver function and low platelet count) syndrom, placenta previa, and placental abruption; American Society of Anesthesiologists classification ≥III; Presence of contraindications to ketamine/s-ketamine use, such as refractory hypertension, severe cardiovascular disease (New York Heart Association classification ≥III), and hyperthyroidism.

Overall Study Officials:

First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree

Dong-Xin Wang, MD, PhD

Organizational Affiliation

Peking University First Hospital

Official's Role

Principal Investigator

Facility Information:

Facility Name

Peking University First Hospital

City

Beijing

State/Province

Beijing

ZIP/Postal Code

100034

Country

China

Facility Name

Beijing Tiantan Hospital

City

Beijing

State/Province

Beijing

Country

China

Facility Name

Peking University International Hospital

City

Beijing

State/Province

Beijing

Country

China

Facility Name

Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital

City

Changsha

State/Province

Hunan

Country

China

Facility Name

Huaian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital

City

Huaian

State/Province

Jiangsu

Country

China

Facility Name

Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital

City

Nanjing

State/Province

Jiangsu

Country

China

Facility Name

Women's Hospital School Of Medicine Zhejiang University

City

Hangzhou

State/Province

Zhejiang

Country

China

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD

IPD Sharing Plan Description

IPD will be available by contacting Dr. Dong-Xin Wang (wangdongxin@hotmail.com) after the trial is completed.

Citations:

PubMed Identifier

9559758

Citation

Nonacs R, Cohen LS. Postpartum mood disorders: diagnosis and treatment guidelines. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 2:34-40.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

24239932

Citation

Kim S, Soeken TA, Cromer SJ, Martinez SR, Hardy LR, Strathearn L. Oxytocin and postpartum depression: delivering on what's known and what's not. Brain Res. 2014 Sep 11;1580:219-32. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.11.009. Epub 2013 Nov 14.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

28451700

Citation

Giallo R, Pilkington P, McDonald E, Gartland D, Woolhouse H, Brown S. Physical, sexual and social health factors associated with the trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms from pregnancy to 4 years postpartum. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2017 Jul;52(7):815-828. doi: 10.1007/s00127-017-1387-8. Epub 2017 Apr 27.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

24424796

Citation

Giallo R, Cooklin A, Nicholson JM. Risk factors associated with trajectories of mothers' depressive symptoms across the early parenting period: an Australian population-based longitudinal study. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014 Apr;17(2):115-25. doi: 10.1007/s00737-014-0411-1. Epub 2014 Jan 15.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

22410506

Citation

Sutter-Dallay AL, Cosnefroy O, Glatigny-Dallay E, Verdoux H, Rascle N. Evolution of perinatal depressive symptoms from pregnancy to two years postpartum in a low-risk sample: the MATQUID cohort. J Affect Disord. 2012 Jun;139(1):23-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.08.018. Epub 2012 Mar 11.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

27310295

Citation

McCall-Hosenfeld JS, Phiri K, Schaefer E, Zhu J, Kjerulff K. Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Throughout the Peri- and Postpartum Period: Results from the First Baby Study. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2016 Nov;25(11):1112-1121. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2015.5310. Epub 2016 Jun 16.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

20654759

Citation

Tsai R, Schaffir J. Effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on postpartum depression. Contraception. 2010 Aug;82(2):174-7. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.03.004. Epub 2010 Apr 13.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

24797120

Citation

Ding T, Wang DX, Qu Y, Chen Q, Zhu SN. Epidural labor analgesia is associated with a decreased risk of postpartum depression: a prospective cohort study. Anesth Analg. 2014 Aug;119(2):383-392. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000107.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

21651606

Citation

Quevedo LA, Silva RA, Godoy R, Jansen K, Matos MB, Tavares Pinheiro KA, Pinheiro RT. The impact of maternal post-partum depression on the language development of children at 12 months. Child Care Health Dev. 2012 May;38(3):420-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01251.x. Epub 2011 Jun 8.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

22130907

Citation

Parsons CE, Young KS, Rochat TJ, Kringelbach ML, Stein A. Postnatal depression and its effects on child development: a review of evidence from low- and middle-income countries. Br Med Bull. 2012;101:57-79. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldr047. Epub 2011 Nov 29.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

22065273

Citation

Weitzman M, Rosenthal DG, Liu YH. Paternal depressive symptoms and child behavioral or emotional problems in the United States. Pediatrics. 2011 Dec;128(6):1126-34. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-3034. Epub 2011 Nov 7.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

23489392

Citation

Demontigny F, Girard ME, Lacharite C, Dubeau D, Devault A. Psychosocial factors associated with paternal postnatal depression. J Affect Disord. 2013 Aug 15;150(1):44-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.01.048. Epub 2013 Mar 13.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

19130357

Citation

Dietz LJ, Jennings KD, Kelley SA, Marshal M. Maternal depression, paternal psychopathology, and toddlers' behavior problems. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2009 Jan;38(1):48-61. doi: 10.1080/15374410802575362.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

17854906

Citation

Pawlby S, Sharp D, Hay D, O'Keane V. Postnatal depression and child outcome at 11 years: the importance of accurate diagnosis. J Affect Disord. 2008 Apr;107(1-3):241-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2007.08.002. Epub 2007 Sep 12.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

15234824

Citation

Robertson E, Grace S, Wallington T, Stewart DE. Antenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a synthesis of recent literature. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2004 Jul-Aug;26(4):289-95. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2004.02.006.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

19327773

Citation

Klainin P, Arthur DG. Postpartum depression in Asian cultures: a literature review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009 Oct;46(10):1355-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.02.012. Epub 2009 Mar 26.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

18818022

Citation

Eisenach JC, Pan PH, Smiley R, Lavand'homme P, Landau R, Houle TT. Severity of acute pain after childbirth, but not type of delivery, predicts persistent pain and postpartum depression. Pain. 2008 Nov 15;140(1):87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.07.011. Epub 2008 Sep 24.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

11177155

Citation

Lee DT, Yip AS, Leung TY, Chung TK. Identifying women at risk of postnatal depression: prospective longitudinal study. Hong Kong Med J. 2000 Dec;6(4):349-54.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

18067974

Citation

Milgrom J, Gemmill AW, Bilszta JL, Hayes B, Barnett B, Brooks J, Ericksen J, Ellwood D, Buist A. Antenatal risk factors for postnatal depression: a large prospective study. J Affect Disord. 2008 May;108(1-2):147-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2007.10.014. Epub 2007 Dec 18.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

22436053

Citation

Siu BW, Leung SS, Ip P, Hung SF, O'Hara MW. Antenatal risk factors for postnatal depression: a prospective study of Chinese women at maternal and child health centres. BMC Psychiatry. 2012 Mar 22;12:22. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-12-22.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

18458732

Citation

Huynh NN, McIntyre RS. What Are the Implications of the STAR*D Trial for Primary Care? A Review and Synthesis. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2008;10(2):91-6. doi: 10.4088/pcc.v10n0201.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

27053196

Citation

Schwartz J, Murrough JW, Iosifescu DV. Ketamine for treatment-resistant depression: recent developments and clinical applications. Evid Based Ment Health. 2016 May;19(2):35-8. doi: 10.1136/eb-2016-102355. Epub 2016 Apr 6.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

10686270

Citation

Berman RM, Cappiello A, Anand A, Oren DA, Heninger GR, Charney DS, Krystal JH. Antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients. Biol Psychiatry. 2000 Feb 15;47(4):351-4. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00230-9.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

26423481

Citation

Newport DJ, Carpenter LL, McDonald WM, Potash JB, Tohen M, Nemeroff CB; APA Council of Research Task Force on Novel Biomarkers and Treatments. Ketamine and Other NMDA Antagonists: Early Clinical Trials and Possible Mechanisms in Depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2015 Oct;172(10):950-66. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15040465.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

26867988

Citation

Kishimoto T, Chawla JM, Hagi K, Zarate CA, Kane JM, Bauer M, Correll CU. Single-dose infusion ketamine and non-ketamine N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists for unipolar and bipolar depression: a meta-analysis of efficacy, safety and time trajectories. Psychol Med. 2016 May;46(7):1459-72. doi: 10.1017/S0033291716000064. Epub 2016 Feb 12.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

25545040

Citation

Drewniany E, Han J, Hancock C, Jones RL, Lim J, Nemat Gorgani N, Sperry JK 3rd, Yu HJ, Raffa RB. Rapid-onset antidepressant action of ketamine: potential revolution in understanding and future pharmacologic treatment of depression. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2015 Apr;40(2):125-30. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.12238. Epub 2014 Dec 26.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

28111761

Citation

Strasburger SE, Bhimani PM, Kaabe JH, Krysiak JT, Nanchanatt DL, Nguyen TN, Pough KA, Prince TA, Ramsey NS, Savsani KH, Scandlen L, Cavaretta MJ, Raffa RB. What is the mechanism of Ketamine's rapid-onset antidepressant effect? A concise overview of the surprisingly large number of possibilities. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2017 Apr;42(2):147-154. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.12497. Epub 2017 Jan 22.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

25038867

Citation

Fond G, Loundou A, Rabu C, Macgregor A, Lancon C, Brittner M, Micoulaud-Franchi JA, Richieri R, Courtet P, Abbar M, Roger M, Leboyer M, Boyer L. Ketamine administration in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2014 Sep;231(18):3663-76. doi: 10.1007/s00213-014-3664-5. Epub 2014 Jul 20.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

26824031

Citation

Park M, Niciu MJ, Zarate CA Jr. Novel Glutamatergic Treatments for Severe Mood Disorders. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep. 2015 Dec;2(4):198-208. doi: 10.1007/s40473-015-0050-5. Epub 2015 Oct 9.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

17458544

Citation

Perry EB Jr, Cramer JA, Cho HS, Petrakis IL, Karper LP, Genovese A, O'Donnell E, Krystal JH, D'Souza DC; Yale Ketamine Study Group. Psychiatric safety of ketamine in psychopharmacology research. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Jun;192(2):253-60. doi: 10.1007/s00213-007-0706-2. Epub 2007 Feb 16.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

28357557

Citation

Xu Y, Li Y, Huang X, Chen D, She B, Ma D. Single bolus low-dose of ketamine does not prevent postpartum depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective clinical trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2017 May;295(5):1167-1174. doi: 10.1007/s00404-017-4334-8. Epub 2017 Mar 29.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

30041987

Citation

Bartova L, Papageorgiou K, Milenkovic I, Dold M, Weidenauer A, Willeit M, Winkler D, Kasper S. Rapid antidepressant effect of S-ketamine in schizophrenia. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018 Aug;28(8):980-982. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.05.007. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

29736744

Citation

Molero P, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Martin-Santos R, Calvo-Sanchez E, Gutierrez-Rojas L, Meana JJ. Antidepressant Efficacy and Tolerability of Ketamine and Esketamine: A Critical Review. CNS Drugs. 2018 May;32(5):411-420. doi: 10.1007/s40263-018-0519-3.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

29656663

Citation

Canuso CM, Singh JB, Fedgchin M, Alphs L, Lane R, Lim P, Pinter C, Hough D, Sanacora G, Manji H, Drevets WC. Efficacy and Safety of Intranasal Esketamine for the Rapid Reduction of Symptoms of Depression and Suicidality in Patients at Imminent Risk for Suicide: Results of a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Am J Psychiatry. 2018 Jul 1;175(7):620-630. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17060720. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

23893490

Citation

Segmiller F, Ruther T, Linhardt A, Padberg F, Berger M, Pogarell O, Moller HJ, Kohler C, Schule C. Repeated S-ketamine infusions in therapy resistant depression: a case series. J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Sep;53(9):996-8. doi: 10.1002/jcph.122. Epub 2013 Jul 24. No abstract available.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

11936706

Citation

Persson J, Hasselstrom J, Maurset A, Oye I, Svensson JO, Almqvist O, Scheinin H, Gustafsson LL, Almqvist O. Pharmacokinetics and non-analgesic effects of S- and R-ketamines in healthy volunteers with normal and reduced metabolic capacity. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Feb;57(12):869-75. doi: 10.1007/s002280100353.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

26707087

Citation

Singh JB, Fedgchin M, Daly E, Xi L, Melman C, De Bruecker G, Tadic A, Sienaert P, Wiegand F, Manji H, Drevets WC, Van Nueten L. Intravenous Esketamine in Adult Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Double-Blind, Double-Randomization, Placebo-Controlled Study. Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Sep 15;80(6):424-431. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.10.018. Epub 2015 Nov 3.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

19224412

Citation

Paul R, Schaaff N, Padberg F, Moller HJ, Frodl T. Comparison of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine in treatment-resistant major depression: report of two cases. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2009;10(3):241-4. doi: 10.1080/15622970701714370.

Results Reference

background

PubMed Identifier

24370337

Citation

Gaillard A, Le Strat Y, Mandelbrot L, Keita H, Dubertret C. Predictors of postpartum depression: prospective study of 264 women followed during pregnancy and postpartum. Psychiatry Res. 2014 Feb 28;215(2):341-6. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.10.003. Epub 2013 Nov 6.

Results Reference

background

Learn more about this trial

Low-dose S-ketamine in Women With Prenatal Depression

We'll reach out to this number within 24 hrs