Back to resultsCovid-19 Messaging to Underserved Communities - 2nd Experiment
Primary Purpose
Covid19
Status
Completed
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA
African American Sender Acknowledgement
African American Sender in Informational Videos.
Racial Inequality Highlighted
AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing
White Sender in Acknowledgement
White Sender in Informational Videos
No Racial Inequality Highlighting
Placebo videos
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional prevention trial for Covid19
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- adults who self-identify as African American or white.
- an oversample of individuals with less than a college education
Exclusion Criteria:
Sites / Locations
- JPAL North America
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Arm 5
Arm 6
Arm 7
Arm 8
Arm 9
Arm 10
Arm 11
Arm 12
Arm Type
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Placebo Comparator
Placebo Comparator
Placebo Comparator
Placebo Comparator
Arm Label
AMA RI - B- B - R
AMA RI - B - B - N
AMA RI - W - W - R
AMA RI - W - W - N
AMA DP - B- B - R
AMA DP - B- B - N
AMA DP - W- W - R
AMA DP - W- W - N
Control: AMA RI - B - B
Control: AMA RI - W - W
Control: AMA DP - B - B
Control: AMA DP - W - W
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color .
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - No message on Covid-19 will be shown. Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants will receive a AMA statement on racial injustice. African American Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a African American sender in acknowledgment of AMA
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be white - No message on Covid-19 will be shown. Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants will receive a AMA statement on racial injustice. White Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a white sender in acknowledgment of AMA
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - No message on Covid-19 will be shown. African American Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a African American sender in acknowledgment of AMA AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants receive AMA information on drug pricing
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be white - No message on Covid-19 will be shown. White Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a white sender in acknowledgment of AMA AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants receive AMA information on drug pricing
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Incidence Rate for Knowledge Gaps: Control vs. Any Intervention
Participants were asked to identify ways to prevent COVID-19 spread and identify four common symptoms. The incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 10.
Incidence Rate for Knowledge Gaps: Control vs. Any Intervention - Follow up
Participants were asked to identify ways to prevent COVID-19 spread and identify four common symptoms. Incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 10.
Incidence Rate for Information-seeking Behavior: Control vs. Any Intervention
Participants were offered the option of requesting additional information on COVID-19 related resources by clicking on up to five links that included more content. We measured "information seeking behavior" as the number of links for which participants expressed interest, a count variable between 0 (lowest information seeking behavior) and 5 (greatest information seeking behavior). Incidence rate for interest in links is the count of links demanded divided by the maximum possible count: 5.
Incidence Rate - Safety Gap Score: Control vs. Any Intervention
Participants were asked about how often they engaged in four behaviors of interest: if they wore a mask indoors/outdoors; if they washed their hands; if they followed social distancing guidelines. The safety gap index takes values of 0 (if a participant reported that they always practiced the four behaviors of interest) up to 4 (none). Incidence rate for safety gaps is the count of safety gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 4.
Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Masks: Control vs. Any Intervention
WTP: the participants will be asked to choose between two masks vs an unrestricted gift card. They will be asked what amount of gift card would make them just as happy to receive two mask versus the gift card.
Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) - Knowledge Gap
Participants were asked to identify ways to prevent COVID-19 spread and identify four common symptoms. The incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 10. The incidence rate ratio compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single negative binomial regression.
Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) - Knowledge Gap - Follow up
Participants were asked to identify ways to prevent COVID-19 spread and identify four common symptoms. The incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 10. The incidence rate ratio compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single negative binomial regression.
Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) - Information-seeking Behavior
Participants were offered the option of requesting additional information on COVID-19 related resources by clicking on up to 5 links that included more content. We measured "information seeking behavior" as the number of links for which participants expressed interest, a count variable between 0 (lowest information seeking behavior) and 5 (greatest information seeking behavior). Incidence rate for interest in links is the count of links demanded divided by the maximum possible count: 5. The incidence rate ratio compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single negative binomial regression.
Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) - Safety Gap Score
Participants were asked about how often they engaged in four behaviors of interest: if they wore a mask indoors/outdoors; if they washed their hands; if they followed social distancing guidelines. The safety gap index takes values of 0 (if a participant reported that they always practiced the four behaviors of interest) up to 4 (none). Incidence rate for safety gaps is the count of safety gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 4. The incidence rate ratio compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single negative binomial regression.
OLS Regression Coefficients - Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Masks
WTP: the participants will be asked to choose between two masks vs an unrestricted gift card. They will be asked what amount of gift card would make them just as happy to receive two mask versus the gift card. The regression coefficients compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single ordinary least squares (OLS) regression for WTP masks).
Secondary Outcome Measures
Full Information
NCT ID
NCT04502056
First Posted
August 2, 2020
Last Updated
July 24, 2021
Sponsor
National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
Collaborators
Massachusetts General Hospital, Stanford University, Yale University, Harvard University
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT04502056
Brief Title
Covid-19 Messaging to Underserved Communities - 2nd Experiment
Official Title
Covid-19 Messaging to Underserved Communities - 2nd Experiment
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
July 2021
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
August 7, 2020 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
September 6, 2020 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
September 6, 2020 (Actual)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
Collaborators
Massachusetts General Hospital, Stanford University, Yale University, Harvard University
4. Oversight
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
The aim of the study is to build off results from our first experiment (NCT04371419) , and test whether messages that acknowledge racial injustice on behalf of institutions affect the retention of knowledge and movement of beliefs and behavior with respect to Covid-19. The investigators will also test the effect of concordance of providers and whether highlighting the unequal burden of the disease has additional effects on knowledge, beliefs and behavior regarding covid-19. The sample will include African American and white adult Americans and oversample those with less than a college degree.
Detailed Description
Recent data have shown that covid19 is disproportionately infecting and killing African Americans and Latinx people in the United States. Moreover, since our last experiment, the killing of George Floyd by Minnesota police has raised awareness of structural racism in the United States.
The aim of the study is to build off results from our first experiment (NCT04371419) , and test whether messages that acknowledge racial injustice on behalf of institutions affect the retention of knowledge and movement of beliefs and behavior with respect to Covid-19. The investigators will also test the effect of concordance of providers and whether highlighting the unequal burden of the disease has additional effects on knowledge, beliefs and behavior regarding covid-19.The sample will include African American and white adult Americans and oversample those with less than a college degree.
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Covid19
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
20460 (Actual)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
AMA RI - B- B - R
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Arm Title
AMA RI - B - B - N
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Arm Title
AMA RI - W - W - R
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Arm Title
AMA RI - W - W - N
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Arm Title
AMA DP - B- B - R
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color .
Arm Title
AMA DP - B- B - N
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Arm Title
AMA DP - W- W - R
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Arm Title
AMA DP - W- W - N
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will be white - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
Arm Title
Control: AMA RI - B - B
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - No message on Covid-19 will be shown.
Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants will receive a AMA statement on racial injustice.
African American Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a African American sender in acknowledgment of AMA
Arm Title
Control: AMA RI - W - W
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be white - No message on Covid-19 will be shown.
Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants will receive a AMA statement on racial injustice.
White Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a white sender in acknowledgment of AMA
Arm Title
Control: AMA DP - B - B
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - No message on Covid-19 will be shown.
African American Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a African American sender in acknowledgment of AMA
AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants receive AMA information on drug pricing
Arm Title
Control: AMA DP - W - W
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging drug pricing read by a white individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be white - No message on Covid-19 will be shown.
White Sender Acknowledgement: Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a white sender in acknowledgment of AMA
AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing: Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants receive AMA information on drug pricing
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
Acknowledgement Racial Injustice AMA
Intervention Description
Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants will receive a AMA statement on racial injustice.
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
African American Sender Acknowledgement
Intervention Description
Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm participants receive a African American sender in acknowledgment of AMA
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
African American Sender in Informational Videos.
Intervention Description
Investigators will vary the sender of the informational covid-19 videos. In this arm, participants receive a African American sender in informational videos.
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
Racial Inequality Highlighted
Intervention Description
Investigators will include information on race-specific covid-19 cases and deaths in one variation in the messaging. In this arm, participants receive disproportionate race-specific Covid-19 facts
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
AMA Acknowledgement Drug Pricing
Intervention Description
Investigators will examine whether acknowledgements of racial inequality are helpful towards improving knowledge retention and behaviors associated with the intervention among participants. In this arm, participants receive AMA information on drug pricing
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
White Sender in Acknowledgement
Intervention Description
Investigators will also vary the messenger of the acknowledgement sender. In this arm, participants receive a white sender in the acknowledgement
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
White Sender in Informational Videos
Intervention Description
Investigators will vary the messenger of the informational covid-19 videos. In this arm, participants receive white sender in the informational video
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
No Racial Inequality Highlighting
Intervention Description
In this arm, the disproportionate burden of Covid-19 on communities of color will not be highlighted
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
Placebo videos
Intervention Description
Videos not related to covid-19 will be shown
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Incidence Rate for Knowledge Gaps: Control vs. Any Intervention
Description
Participants were asked to identify ways to prevent COVID-19 spread and identify four common symptoms. The incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 10.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the baseline survey.
Title
Incidence Rate for Knowledge Gaps: Control vs. Any Intervention - Follow up
Description
Participants were asked to identify ways to prevent COVID-19 spread and identify four common symptoms. Incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 10.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured at a follow-up within 2 weeks following the intervention
Title
Incidence Rate for Information-seeking Behavior: Control vs. Any Intervention
Description
Participants were offered the option of requesting additional information on COVID-19 related resources by clicking on up to five links that included more content. We measured "information seeking behavior" as the number of links for which participants expressed interest, a count variable between 0 (lowest information seeking behavior) and 5 (greatest information seeking behavior). Incidence rate for interest in links is the count of links demanded divided by the maximum possible count: 5.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the baseline survey.
Title
Incidence Rate - Safety Gap Score: Control vs. Any Intervention
Description
Participants were asked about how often they engaged in four behaviors of interest: if they wore a mask indoors/outdoors; if they washed their hands; if they followed social distancing guidelines. The safety gap index takes values of 0 (if a participant reported that they always practiced the four behaviors of interest) up to 4 (none). Incidence rate for safety gaps is the count of safety gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 4.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured at a follow-up within 2 weeks following the intervention.
Title
Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Masks: Control vs. Any Intervention
Description
WTP: the participants will be asked to choose between two masks vs an unrestricted gift card. They will be asked what amount of gift card would make them just as happy to receive two mask versus the gift card.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the baseline survey.
Title
Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) - Knowledge Gap
Description
Participants were asked to identify ways to prevent COVID-19 spread and identify four common symptoms. The incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 10. The incidence rate ratio compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single negative binomial regression.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the baseline survey.
Title
Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) - Knowledge Gap - Follow up
Description
Participants were asked to identify ways to prevent COVID-19 spread and identify four common symptoms. The incidence rate for knowledge gaps is the count of knowledge gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 10. The incidence rate ratio compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single negative binomial regression.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured at a follow-up within 2 weeks following the intervention
Title
Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) - Information-seeking Behavior
Description
Participants were offered the option of requesting additional information on COVID-19 related resources by clicking on up to 5 links that included more content. We measured "information seeking behavior" as the number of links for which participants expressed interest, a count variable between 0 (lowest information seeking behavior) and 5 (greatest information seeking behavior). Incidence rate for interest in links is the count of links demanded divided by the maximum possible count: 5. The incidence rate ratio compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single negative binomial regression.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the baseline survey.
Title
Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) - Safety Gap Score
Description
Participants were asked about how often they engaged in four behaviors of interest: if they wore a mask indoors/outdoors; if they washed their hands; if they followed social distancing guidelines. The safety gap index takes values of 0 (if a participant reported that they always practiced the four behaviors of interest) up to 4 (none). Incidence rate for safety gaps is the count of safety gaps divided by the maximum possible count: 4. The incidence rate ratio compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single negative binomial regression.
Time Frame
The outcome was measured at a follow-up within 2 weeks following the intervention.
Title
OLS Regression Coefficients - Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Masks
Description
WTP: the participants will be asked to choose between two masks vs an unrestricted gift card. They will be asked what amount of gift card would make them just as happy to receive two mask versus the gift card. The regression coefficients compares the incidence rate of participants in Arm A vs. Arm B within the intervention group (i.e. those who received covid-19-related videos), within in the control group (i.e. those who saw placebo videos), or across the intervention and control group. Arms A and B are described in each Arm/Group Title. The overall number of participants analyzed is all equal across 6 arms/groups because the outcome measure data presented below came from a single ordinary least squares (OLS) regression for WTP masks).
Time Frame
The outcome was measured immediately following the intervention in the baseline survey.
10. Eligibility
Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
adults who self-identify as African American or white.
an oversample of individuals with less than a college education
Exclusion Criteria:
Facility Information:
Facility Name
JPAL North America
City
Cambridge
State/Province
Massachusetts
ZIP/Postal Code
02138
Country
United States
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
34259846
Citation
Torres C, Ogbu-Nwobodo L, Alsan M, Stanford FC, Banerjee A, Breza E, Chandrasekhar AG, Eichmeyer S, Karnani M, Loisel T, Goldsmith-Pinkham P, Olken BA, Vautrey PL, Warner E, Duflo E; COVID-19 Working Group. Effect of Physician-Delivered COVID-19 Public Health Messages and Messages Acknowledging Racial Inequity on Black and White Adults' Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices Related to COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Jul 1;4(7):e2117115. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17115.
Results Reference
derived
Learn more about this trial
Covid-19 Messaging to Underserved Communities - 2nd Experiment
We'll reach out to this number within 24 hrs