Effect of Trunk Stabilizing Exercises on Patients With Median Sternotomy After Heart Valve Surgery (SIS)

Effect of Trunk Stabilizing Exercises on Sternal Instability and Separation in Patients With Median Sternotomy After Heart Valve Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of trunk stabilizing exercises on sternal instability in patients with median sternotomy after heart valve surgery

Valvular heart disease constitutes a growing healthcare problem with a general prevalence of 2%-5% and a prevalence of 13% after the age of 75 years. Heart valve surgery can be a lifesaving procedure for patients with severe symptomatic heart valve disease. Nevertheless, following the surgery, up to 27% of patients may require readmission within 30 days after discharge. Following heart valve surgery, some patients report anxiety and worries related to readmission and reoperations, postoperative complications, and deconditioning which may prevent or delay return to work and limit activities of daily living Trunk stabilizing exercises train and activate the abdominal and anterior thoracic cage muscles to assist in stabilizing the bisected sternum, thereby decreasing the undue motion in both sagittal and transverse planes during trunk movement. Patients' complaints of pain and discomfort associated with sternal instability post-cardiac surgery may be managed by diminishing the degree of this undue motion between the edges of the divided sternum, and thus provides a conservative treatment for sternal instability forty female patients will be divided into two groups. group A received trunk stabilizing exercise and group B will receive routine cardiac rehabilitation; three times/week for four weeks. the outcome variables were sternal instability and sternal separation and measured before and after completion of treatment

trunk stabilizing exercise is a group of exercise which train the anterior thoracic cage and abdominal muscles in the form of static contraction of these muscles from a different position supine, sitting and standing.

all patients continue this routine physiotherapy program for 40-60min.the patients incorporated into a variety of exercises conducted through arm ergometer,leg ergometer and treadmill.also the patients perform deep breathing exercise and coughing ececise

sternal instability scale will be used to assess the integrity of the sternum and transferring the results of the assessment to an acceptable grade

Inclusion Criteria: age between 40 and 50 years, female gender hemodynamic stability BMI from 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 they will have acute sternal instability. Exclusion Criteria: previous thoracic surgery elective and urgent coronary artery bypass surgery respiratory insufficiency after surgery manifesting hypoxemia with partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood <60 mmHg renal insufficiency with serum creatinine ≥1.8 mg/dl after surgery low cardiac output syndrome with ST segment elevation in multiple electrocardiogram leads, cardiac arrhythmias, or hypotension, according to the American College of Cardiology Foundation and American Heart Association other medical conditions such as diabetes, uncontrolled hypertension and obesity Past medical history that include conditions that may have influenced the provision of physiotherapy interventions such as (severe asthma, chronic airflow limitation, bronchiectasis, ankylosing spondylitis or lumbar disc prolapse

Essam El-Sayed Felaya ES, Abd Al-Salam EH, Shaaban Abd El-Azeim A. Trunk stabilising exercises promote sternal stability in patients after median sternotomy for heart valve surgery: a randomised trial. J Physiother. 2022 Jul;68(3):197-202. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2022.06.002. Epub 2022 Jun 23.