search
Back to results

The Use of a Mobile Application to Reduce Work-related Stress Symptoms Among Healthcare Workers (DIARY)

Primary Purpose

Burnout, Professional, Stress, Psychological

Status
Completed
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
Sweden
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
The DIARY mobile application
Sponsored by
Karolinska Institutet
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for Burnout, Professional focused on measuring mobile application, healthcare workers, work stress

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • adult participants
  • working (active employment)

Exclusion Criteria:

- no active employment e.g. sick leave, maternity leave during the entire period of an intervention (four weeks)

Sites / Locations

  • Aleksandra Sjostrom-Bujacz

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm 3

Arm 4

Arm 5

Arm 6

Arm 7

Arm 8

Arm 9

Arm 10

Arm 11

Arm 12

Arm 13

Arm 14

Arm 15

Arm 16

Arm 17

Arm 18

Arm 19

Arm 20

Arm 21

Arm 22

Arm 23

Arm 24

Arm 25

Arm 26

Arm 27

Arm 28

Arm 29

Arm 30

Arm 31

Arm 32

Arm Type

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Arm Label

Condition 1: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: no;

Condition 2: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: no;

Condition 3: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: no;

Condition 4: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: no;

Condition 5: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: no;

Condition 6: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: no;

Condition 7: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: no;

Condition 8: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: no;

Condition 9: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: no;

Condition 10: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: no;

Condition 11: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: no;

Condition 12: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: no;

Condition 13: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: no;

Condition 14: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: no;

Condition 15: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: no;

Condition 16: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: no;

Condition 17: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: yes;

Condition 18: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: yes;

Condition 19: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: yes;

Condition 20: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: yes;

Condition 21: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: yes;

Condition 22: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: yes;

Condition 23: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: yes;

Condition 24: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: yes;

Condition 25: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;

Condition 26: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;

Condition 27: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;

Condition 28: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;

Condition 29: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;

Condition 30: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;

Condition 31: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;

Condition 32: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;

Arm Description

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Burnout symptoms immediate effect
Burnout is measured using Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (Olbi), an instrument designed to measure exhaustion and disengagement: (Demerouti, E, Bakker, A.B, Vardakou, I, & Kantas, A. [2003]. The convergent validity of two burnout instruments : a multitrait-multimethod analysis. European Journal of Psychological Assessment : Official Organ of the European Association of Psychological Assessment, 19(1), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.19.1.12) The full Olbi scale consists of twelve items, and this study uses a subset of seven items. The study uses a Swedish version: Gustavsson, J. P., Hallsten, L., & Rudman, A. (2010). Early career burnout among nurses: modelling a hypothesized process using an item response approach. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47(7), 864-875. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Exactly).
Burnout symptoms delayed effect
Burnout is measured using Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (Olbi), an instrument designed to measure exhaustion and disengagement: (Demerouti, E, Bakker, A.B, Vardakou, I, & Kantas, A. [2003]. The convergent validity of two burnout instruments : a multitrait-multimethod analysis. European Journal of Psychological Assessment : Official Organ of the European Association of Psychological Assessment, 19(1), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.19.1.12) The full Olbi scale consists of twelve items, and this study uses a subset of seven items. The study uses a Swedish version: Gustavsson, J. P., Hallsten, L., & Rudman, A. (2010). Early career burnout among nurses: modelling a hypothesized process using an item response approach. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47(7), 864-875. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Exactly).
Emotional exhaustion immediate effect
Emotional exhaustion is measured using Shirom-Melamed Burnout questionnaire (SMBQ), a 22-item instrument designed to assess burnout: Shirom, A., & Melamed, S. (2006). A comparison of the construct validity of two burnout measures in two groups of professionals. International journal of stress management, 13(2), 176. This study uses the SMBQ-6, a subset of six items, specifically measuring emotional exhaustion. A Swedish version is used for this study: Lundgren-Nilsson, Å., Jonsdottir, I. H., Pallant, J., & Ahlborg, G. (2012). Internal construct validity of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout questionnaire (SMBQ). BMC public health, 12(1), 1. Items are scored on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = Very rarely, 7 = Very frequently).
Emotional exhaustion delayed effect
Emotional exhaustion is measured using Shirom-Melamed Burnout questionnaire (SMBQ), a 22-item instrument designed to assess burnout: Shirom, A., & Melamed, S. (2006). A comparison of the construct validity of two burnout measures in two groups of professionals. International journal of stress management, 13(2), 176. This study uses the SMBQ-6, a subset of six items, specifically measuring emotional exhaustion. A Swedish version is used for this study: Lundgren-Nilsson, Å., Jonsdottir, I. H., Pallant, J., & Ahlborg, G. (2012). Internal construct validity of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout questionnaire (SMBQ). BMC public health, 12(1), 1. Items are scored on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = Very rarely, 7 = Very frequently).
Stress symptoms immediate effect
Stress is measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), designed to measure "the degree to which situations in one´s life are appraised as stressful" (Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. [1983]. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior, 385-396). The original scale contains 14 items, and this study uses the PSS-10 version which contains 10 items. A Swedish translation of the scale is used: Nordin, M., & Nordin, S. (2013). Psychometric evaluation and normative data of the Swedish version of the 10-item perceived stress scale. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 54(6), 502-507. The items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Never, 5 = Very often).
Stress symptoms delayed effect
Stress is measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), designed to measure "the degree to which situations in one´s life are appraised as stressful" (Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. [1983]. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior, 385-396). The original scale contains 14 items, and this study uses the PSS-10 version which contains 10 items. A Swedish translation of the scale is used: Nordin, M., & Nordin, S. (2013). Psychometric evaluation and normative data of the Swedish version of the 10-item perceived stress scale. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 54(6), 502-507. The items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Never, 5 = Very often).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Anxiety symptoms immediate effect
Anxiety is measured using the GAD-7 scale, a 7-item questionnaire designed to assess generalized anxiety disorder (Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. [2006]. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine, 166(10), 1092-1097). A Swedish version of the scale will be used. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Almost every day).
Anxiety symptoms delayed effect
Anxiety is measured using the GAD-7 scale, a 7-item questionnaire designed to assess generalized anxiety disorder (Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. [2006]. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine, 166(10), 1092-1097). A Swedish version of the scale will be used. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Almost every day).
Depressive symptoms immediate effect
Depressive symptoms are measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), a 2-item screening tool for assessing depression (Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. [2003]. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: validity of a two-item depression screener. Medical care, 1284-1292). A Swedish translation is used. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Almost every day)
Depressive symptoms delayed effect
Depressive symptoms are measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), a 2-item screening tool for assessing depression (Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. [2003]. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: validity of a two-item depression screener. Medical care, 1284-1292). A Swedish translation is used. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Almost every day)
Post-traumatic stress immediate effect
PTSD is measured using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder checklist (PCL-5), a widely used self-report measure of PTSD using criteria from the DSM-5 (Bovin, M. J., Marx, B. P., Weathers, F. W., Gallagher, M. W., Rodriguez, P., Schnurr, P. P., & Keane, T. M. [2015]. Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in Veterans. Psychological Assessment, 28, 1379-1391. doi:10.1037/pas0000254). The entire scale contains 20 items, and a subset of three items is used for this study. A Swedish version is used. Items are scored on a 5-item Likert scale (1 = A lot, 5 = Not at all).
Post-traumatic stress delayed effect
PTSD is measured using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder checklist (PCL-5), a widely used self-report measure of PTSD using criteria from the DSM-5 (Bovin, M. J., Marx, B. P., Weathers, F. W., Gallagher, M. W., Rodriguez, P., Schnurr, P. P., & Keane, T. M. [2015]. Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in Veterans. Psychological Assessment, 28, 1379-1391. doi:10.1037/pas0000254). The entire scale contains 20 items, and a subset of three items is used for this study. A Swedish version is used. Items are scored on a 5-item Likert scale (1 = A lot, 5 = Not at all).
Emotional awareness immediate effect
Awareness of emotions is measured using Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) (Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. [2009]. The Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Measures Package, 82). This study uses a subset of six questions, focusing on emotional awareness. A Swedish version is used in this study. Items are rated on a 6-point Likert scale (1 = Very frequently, 6 = Very rarely).
Emotional awareness delayed effect
Awareness of emotions is measured using Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) (Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. [2009]. The Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Measures Package, 82). This study uses a subset of six questions, focusing on emotional awareness. A Swedish version is used in this study. Items are rated on a 6-point Likert scale (1 = Very frequently, 6 = Very rarely).
Controllability immediate effect
Controllability is measured using the "control" subscale from the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) (Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. [2007]. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 204). This subscale includes 4 items that are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much). A Swedish version is used. To measure controllability in the work context, the study also uses the Task Crafting subscale from the Job Crafting Questionnaire (Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. [2013]. The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of wellbeing, 3(2)). A Swedish version is used. This subscale includes 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Hardly ever, 5 = Very often).
Controllability delayed effect
Controllability is measured using the "control" subscale from the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) (Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. [2007]. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 204). This subscale includes 4 items that are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much). A Swedish version is used. To measure controllability in the work context, the study also uses the Task Crafting subscale from the Job Crafting Questionnaire (Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. [2013]. The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of wellbeing, 3(2)). A Swedish version is used. This subscale includes 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Hardly ever, 5 = Very often).
Recovery experience immediate effect
Questions regarding the degree to which participants engage in behavioral recovery strategies, for instance spending time on a hobby or letting go of work-related thoughts. This is measured using the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) (Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. [2007]. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 204). The study uses two subscales - psychological detachment and relaxation, resulting in 8 items. Items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much). A Swedish version is used.
Recovery experience delayed effect
Questions regarding the degree to which participants engage in behavioral recovery strategies, for instance spending time on a hobby or letting go of work-related thoughts. This is measured using the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) (Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. [2007]. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 204). The study uses two subscales - psychological detachment and relaxation, resulting in 8 items. Items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much). A Swedish version is used.
Social support immediate effect
Questions regarding the degree to which participants engage with their social context for emotional support. We use the Relation Crafting subscale from the Job Crafting Questionnaire: (Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of wellbeing, 3(2)). The subscale includes 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Hardly ever, 5 = Very often).
Social support delayed effect
Questions regarding the degree to which participants engage with their social context for emotional support. We use the Relation Crafting subscale from the Job Crafting Questionnaire: (Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of wellbeing, 3(2)). The subscale includes 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Hardly ever, 5 = Very often).

Full Information

First Posted
January 12, 2021
Last Updated
June 28, 2021
Sponsor
Karolinska Institutet
Collaborators
The Swedish Research Council
search

1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT04719351
Brief Title
The Use of a Mobile Application to Reduce Work-related Stress Symptoms Among Healthcare Workers
Acronym
DIARY
Official Title
Diary of a Pandemic: The Use of a Mobile Application to Reduce Work-related Stress Symptoms Among Healthcare Workers
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
June 2021
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
February 22, 2021 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
June 14, 2021 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
June 14, 2021 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Karolinska Institutet
Collaborators
The Swedish Research Council

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
The current pandemic highlighted an urgent need for early interventions to mitigate the psychological effects of extreme work demands that healthcare workers currently experience. This project aims at developing a data driven monitoring system to efficiently track work-related stress reactions over time. The system will also include a self-awareness intervention grounded on evidence-based strategies to improve workers' recovery. The solution will be delivered through a mobile application for a rapid implementation among healthcare workers and related professions. The mobile application will be developed through an initial analysis of pilot data, a factorial experiment and a user-experience analysis. Qualitative user experience data will also be used to validate the functionality of the monitoring system. The solution developed in this project will be easily scalable to related occupations, for example workers at elderly homes and social workers. After the pandemic, it can also be used as a preventive intervention for workers who are at risk of burnout and as a support for patients returning to work after treatment for common mental disorders.
Detailed Description
Symptoms indicating possibly pathological stress reactions among healthcare workers are more prevalent during the current pandemic than they were before. Possible reasons for that include higher levels of known risk factors such as cognitive, emotional, and physical demands at work; new stressors such as risk for moral injury and worry about personal safety; and diminished protective mechanisms, which include recovery opportunities and psychological detachment. Thus, frontline healthcare workers should be given priority in access to psychological support. Despite the urgent need for it, a rapid implementation of psychological support for healthcare workers has proved to be challenging during previous crises and the current pandemic. Guidelines published thus far underline the necessity of close real-time monitoring in order to early identify at risk populations and individuals, who should be referred to seek professional support. However, appropriate tools for efficient real-time monitoring of stress responses and early screening for possibly pathological reactions among healthcare workers are currently lacking. Available tools focus either on tracking of stress indicators e.g. sleep disturbances, or on teaching strategies to better cope with stress e.g. mindfulness. In this study, the investigators will test whether a separate use or a combination of these different functions may be the most efficient in managing work-related stress symptoms among healthcare workers. The study has a factorial design in order to closely investigate the functionalities focused on real-time monitoring of emotional responses and the functionalities based on evidence-based strategies to improve workers' recovery, as well as the possible interactions among them.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Burnout, Professional, Stress, Psychological
Keywords
mobile application, healthcare workers, work stress

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Factorial Assignment
Model Description
The factorial experimental trial will randomize participants to one of 32 experimental conditions which consist of any combination of the five components: 1) questions about positive emotions (yes/no), 2) questions about work environment (yes/no), 3) questions about controllability (yes/no), 4) questions with open answers (yes/no), and 5) behavioral prompts (yes/no). The purpose of this factorial experiment is to estimate the main effects of the five intervention components and interactions between the components.
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
330 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Condition 1: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 2: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 3: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 4: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 5: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 6: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 7: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 8: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 9: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 10: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 11: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 12: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 13: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 14: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 15: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 16: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: no;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: not included;
Arm Title
Condition 17: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 18: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 19: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 20: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: no; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 21: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 22: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 23: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 24: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: no; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: not included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 25: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 26: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 27: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 28: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: no; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: not included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 29: Positive: no; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 30: Positive: yes; Workload: no; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: not included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 31: Positive: no; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: not included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Arm Title
Condition 32: Positive: yes; Workload: yes; Controllability: yes; Open: yes; Prompt: yes;
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Component list: Questions about positive emotions: included; Questions about workload/work environment: included; Questions about controllability: included; Questions with open answers: included; Behavioral prompts: included;
Intervention Type
Behavioral
Intervention Name(s)
The DIARY mobile application
Intervention Description
The mobile application has two main functionalities. First, it will remind the user to report in regular time periods on their mental health status (e.g., sleep disturbances, stress). The assessment is done daily for four weeks. Second, some completed assessments will be combined with a behavioral prompt i.e. short message encouraging the user to engage in one of the strategies that can help coping with stress at work, e.g. remember to take short breaks, exercise in daylight, summarize a day with a colleague after a finished shift.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Burnout symptoms immediate effect
Description
Burnout is measured using Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (Olbi), an instrument designed to measure exhaustion and disengagement: (Demerouti, E, Bakker, A.B, Vardakou, I, & Kantas, A. [2003]. The convergent validity of two burnout instruments : a multitrait-multimethod analysis. European Journal of Psychological Assessment : Official Organ of the European Association of Psychological Assessment, 19(1), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.19.1.12) The full Olbi scale consists of twelve items, and this study uses a subset of seven items. The study uses a Swedish version: Gustavsson, J. P., Hallsten, L., & Rudman, A. (2010). Early career burnout among nurses: modelling a hypothesized process using an item response approach. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47(7), 864-875. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Exactly).
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Burnout symptoms delayed effect
Description
Burnout is measured using Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (Olbi), an instrument designed to measure exhaustion and disengagement: (Demerouti, E, Bakker, A.B, Vardakou, I, & Kantas, A. [2003]. The convergent validity of two burnout instruments : a multitrait-multimethod analysis. European Journal of Psychological Assessment : Official Organ of the European Association of Psychological Assessment, 19(1), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.19.1.12) The full Olbi scale consists of twelve items, and this study uses a subset of seven items. The study uses a Swedish version: Gustavsson, J. P., Hallsten, L., & Rudman, A. (2010). Early career burnout among nurses: modelling a hypothesized process using an item response approach. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47(7), 864-875. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Exactly).
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Title
Emotional exhaustion immediate effect
Description
Emotional exhaustion is measured using Shirom-Melamed Burnout questionnaire (SMBQ), a 22-item instrument designed to assess burnout: Shirom, A., & Melamed, S. (2006). A comparison of the construct validity of two burnout measures in two groups of professionals. International journal of stress management, 13(2), 176. This study uses the SMBQ-6, a subset of six items, specifically measuring emotional exhaustion. A Swedish version is used for this study: Lundgren-Nilsson, Å., Jonsdottir, I. H., Pallant, J., & Ahlborg, G. (2012). Internal construct validity of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout questionnaire (SMBQ). BMC public health, 12(1), 1. Items are scored on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = Very rarely, 7 = Very frequently).
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Emotional exhaustion delayed effect
Description
Emotional exhaustion is measured using Shirom-Melamed Burnout questionnaire (SMBQ), a 22-item instrument designed to assess burnout: Shirom, A., & Melamed, S. (2006). A comparison of the construct validity of two burnout measures in two groups of professionals. International journal of stress management, 13(2), 176. This study uses the SMBQ-6, a subset of six items, specifically measuring emotional exhaustion. A Swedish version is used for this study: Lundgren-Nilsson, Å., Jonsdottir, I. H., Pallant, J., & Ahlborg, G. (2012). Internal construct validity of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout questionnaire (SMBQ). BMC public health, 12(1), 1. Items are scored on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = Very rarely, 7 = Very frequently).
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Title
Stress symptoms immediate effect
Description
Stress is measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), designed to measure "the degree to which situations in one´s life are appraised as stressful" (Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. [1983]. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior, 385-396). The original scale contains 14 items, and this study uses the PSS-10 version which contains 10 items. A Swedish translation of the scale is used: Nordin, M., & Nordin, S. (2013). Psychometric evaluation and normative data of the Swedish version of the 10-item perceived stress scale. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 54(6), 502-507. The items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Never, 5 = Very often).
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Stress symptoms delayed effect
Description
Stress is measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), designed to measure "the degree to which situations in one´s life are appraised as stressful" (Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. [1983]. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior, 385-396). The original scale contains 14 items, and this study uses the PSS-10 version which contains 10 items. A Swedish translation of the scale is used: Nordin, M., & Nordin, S. (2013). Psychometric evaluation and normative data of the Swedish version of the 10-item perceived stress scale. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 54(6), 502-507. The items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Never, 5 = Very often).
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Anxiety symptoms immediate effect
Description
Anxiety is measured using the GAD-7 scale, a 7-item questionnaire designed to assess generalized anxiety disorder (Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. [2006]. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine, 166(10), 1092-1097). A Swedish version of the scale will be used. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Almost every day).
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Anxiety symptoms delayed effect
Description
Anxiety is measured using the GAD-7 scale, a 7-item questionnaire designed to assess generalized anxiety disorder (Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. [2006]. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine, 166(10), 1092-1097). A Swedish version of the scale will be used. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Almost every day).
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Title
Depressive symptoms immediate effect
Description
Depressive symptoms are measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), a 2-item screening tool for assessing depression (Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. [2003]. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: validity of a two-item depression screener. Medical care, 1284-1292). A Swedish translation is used. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Almost every day)
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Depressive symptoms delayed effect
Description
Depressive symptoms are measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), a 2-item screening tool for assessing depression (Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. [2003]. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: validity of a two-item depression screener. Medical care, 1284-1292). A Swedish translation is used. The items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 4 = Almost every day)
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Title
Post-traumatic stress immediate effect
Description
PTSD is measured using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder checklist (PCL-5), a widely used self-report measure of PTSD using criteria from the DSM-5 (Bovin, M. J., Marx, B. P., Weathers, F. W., Gallagher, M. W., Rodriguez, P., Schnurr, P. P., & Keane, T. M. [2015]. Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in Veterans. Psychological Assessment, 28, 1379-1391. doi:10.1037/pas0000254). The entire scale contains 20 items, and a subset of three items is used for this study. A Swedish version is used. Items are scored on a 5-item Likert scale (1 = A lot, 5 = Not at all).
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Post-traumatic stress delayed effect
Description
PTSD is measured using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder checklist (PCL-5), a widely used self-report measure of PTSD using criteria from the DSM-5 (Bovin, M. J., Marx, B. P., Weathers, F. W., Gallagher, M. W., Rodriguez, P., Schnurr, P. P., & Keane, T. M. [2015]. Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in Veterans. Psychological Assessment, 28, 1379-1391. doi:10.1037/pas0000254). The entire scale contains 20 items, and a subset of three items is used for this study. A Swedish version is used. Items are scored on a 5-item Likert scale (1 = A lot, 5 = Not at all).
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Title
Emotional awareness immediate effect
Description
Awareness of emotions is measured using Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) (Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. [2009]. The Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Measures Package, 82). This study uses a subset of six questions, focusing on emotional awareness. A Swedish version is used in this study. Items are rated on a 6-point Likert scale (1 = Very frequently, 6 = Very rarely).
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Emotional awareness delayed effect
Description
Awareness of emotions is measured using Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) (Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. [2009]. The Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Measures Package, 82). This study uses a subset of six questions, focusing on emotional awareness. A Swedish version is used in this study. Items are rated on a 6-point Likert scale (1 = Very frequently, 6 = Very rarely).
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Title
Controllability immediate effect
Description
Controllability is measured using the "control" subscale from the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) (Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. [2007]. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 204). This subscale includes 4 items that are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much). A Swedish version is used. To measure controllability in the work context, the study also uses the Task Crafting subscale from the Job Crafting Questionnaire (Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. [2013]. The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of wellbeing, 3(2)). A Swedish version is used. This subscale includes 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Hardly ever, 5 = Very often).
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Controllability delayed effect
Description
Controllability is measured using the "control" subscale from the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) (Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. [2007]. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 204). This subscale includes 4 items that are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much). A Swedish version is used. To measure controllability in the work context, the study also uses the Task Crafting subscale from the Job Crafting Questionnaire (Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. [2013]. The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of wellbeing, 3(2)). A Swedish version is used. This subscale includes 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Hardly ever, 5 = Very often).
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Title
Recovery experience immediate effect
Description
Questions regarding the degree to which participants engage in behavioral recovery strategies, for instance spending time on a hobby or letting go of work-related thoughts. This is measured using the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) (Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. [2007]. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 204). The study uses two subscales - psychological detachment and relaxation, resulting in 8 items. Items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much). A Swedish version is used.
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Recovery experience delayed effect
Description
Questions regarding the degree to which participants engage in behavioral recovery strategies, for instance spending time on a hobby or letting go of work-related thoughts. This is measured using the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) (Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. [2007]. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 204). The study uses two subscales - psychological detachment and relaxation, resulting in 8 items. Items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all, 5 = Very much). A Swedish version is used.
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Title
Social support immediate effect
Description
Questions regarding the degree to which participants engage with their social context for emotional support. We use the Relation Crafting subscale from the Job Crafting Questionnaire: (Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of wellbeing, 3(2)). The subscale includes 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Hardly ever, 5 = Very often).
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Social support delayed effect
Description
Questions regarding the degree to which participants engage with their social context for emotional support. We use the Relation Crafting subscale from the Job Crafting Questionnaire: (Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of wellbeing, 3(2)). The subscale includes 7 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Hardly ever, 5 = Very often).
Time Frame
A month after completed intervention
Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures:
Title
Dropout rate
Description
Investigates the dropout rate during the four weeks of the intervention.
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Protocol adherence
Description
Investigates how often (i.e. how many days) participants engage with the intervention.
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Participant engagement
Description
Investigates to what extent participants engage with the intervention, as measured with the meta-data available through the mobile application e.g. time spent engaging with the content of the mobile application.
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention
Title
Usability: User experience, relevance, and content appreciation
Description
Investigates basic usability questions in a post-intervention survey. Includes questions about the experience users had of using the mobile application, if they found the intervention relevant, and if they found the content useful. Survey questions focus on specific aspects of the mobile application used in this study. The survey includes 10 items scored on a 4-point Likert scale. High scores refer to higher usability, relevance and content appreciation.
Time Frame
Immediately post-intervention

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: adult participants working (active employment) Exclusion Criteria: - no active employment e.g. sick leave, maternity leave during the entire period of an intervention (four weeks)
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Aleksandra Sjostrom-Bujacz, PhD
Organizational Affiliation
Karolinska Institutet
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Aleksandra Sjostrom-Bujacz
City
Stockholm
ZIP/Postal Code
17165
Country
Sweden

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
Yes
IPD Sharing Plan Description
An anonymized subset of the data relevant for a particular publication (including metadata and code for the analyses conducted) will be registered on the OSF repository and provided with the DOI number. Neither qualitative data (i.e. answers to open questions) nor any personal data (i.e. gender, age, occupation) will be shared to ensure complete anonymity of the study participants. Data regarding each publication will become available already at the pre-print stage of each publication (i.e. manuscript submitted for publication), under the CC-BY license. Data will be stored in .csv format and will include raw data as well as data analysis files (analysis code). The data publication may be postponed and restricted in case a patent application will be submitted for a review.
IPD Sharing Time Frame
Data will become available upon each scientific publication, at the preprint stage. Complete anonymized dataset will be shared no later than four years after initial data collection took place.
IPD Sharing Access Criteria
Anyone can view.
IPD Sharing URL
https://osf.io/uz3b7/?view_only=ba37189d0b594529b159ba27564dfb81
Available IPD and Supporting Information:
Available IPD/Information Type
Individual Participant Data Set
Available IPD/Information URL
https://osf.io/uz3b7/?view_only=ba37189d0b594529b159ba27564dfb81

Learn more about this trial

The Use of a Mobile Application to Reduce Work-related Stress Symptoms Among Healthcare Workers

We'll reach out to this number within 24 hrs