Treatment of Periodontal Disease With Two Different Bioactive Gels for Home Oral Care

Home Oral Care With Biorepair Implant Bioactive Gel and Chlorhexidine Gel 1% for the Improvement of Inflammatory Epidemiological Indices in Periodontal Patients: a Split-mouth Randomised Clinical Trial

This study is an open-label split-mouth study in which periodontal patients will be treated in order to obtain periodontal health. After non-surgical therapy and air-perio polishing, a periodontal in-situ gelling product (Biorepair Implant Bioactive gel) will be applied in periodontal pockets in two quadrants (Q1-Q3 or Q2-Q4) of the mouth of the participants. At the same time, pockets of the contralateral quadrant will be irrigated with chlorhexidine gel 1%. Patients will continue to use gels at home for the following 14 days and on the same quadrants. Professional ora hygiene session will be performed after 1, 3 and 6 months from the baseline. Patients are divided into two groups with inverted quadrants administration in order to evaluate the improvements of periodontal inflammation indices and to assess the efficacy of Biorepair Implant Bioactive gel compared to chlorhexidine 1% gel treatment.

This study is an open-label split-mouth study that aims to assess the improvement of periodontal inflammatory indices after sessions of professional oral hygiene with the administration of Biorepair Implant Bioactive Gel and Chlorhexidine gel 1%. It will also compare the efficacy of the two gel in rebalancing periodontal health. Periodontal patients that will give the informed consent to the treatment protocol and that satisfy the eligibility criteria will undergo 4 sessions of professional oral hygiene. For each session, periodontal inflammatory indices will be recorded and professional manual and mechanical removal of supragingival and subgingival deposits of both arches will be performed, following air-perio polishing with glycine powders. At this stage, patients will be randomized and allocated to the following two groups: Group 1: application in periodontal pockets of quadrants Q1 and Q3 of Biorepair Implant Bioactive Gel; irrigation of periodontal pockets of quadrants Q2 and Q4 with chlorhexidine 1% gel. Group 2: irrigation of periodontal pockets of quadrants Q1 and Q3 with chlorhexidine 1% gel; application in periodontal pockets of quadrants Q2 and Q4 of Biorepair Implant Bioactive Gel. Patients will continue with a home oral care protocol, using both gels for the same quadrants of their group for the following 14 days after the professional oral hygiene session. The first session is at the baseline (T0), the second is after 1 month (T1), the third is after 3 months (T2) and the last is after 6 months (T4).

Patients are divided in two groups. Both groups are treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy (baseline and 1, 3, 6 months after the first professional oral hygiene). Patients in the first group receive Biorepair gel in quadrants Q1 and Q4 and chlorhexidine 1% gel in quadrants Q2 and Q3; for patients in the second group the situation is inverted. In this way, it is possible to compare the general periodontal condition and the quadrants treated with the two different gels.

The patients receive Biorepair Gel application in quadrants Q1 and Q3, whereas they receive chlorhexidine 1% gel in quadrants Q2 and Q4.

The patients receive chlorhexidine 1% gel in quadrants Q1 and Q3, whereas they receive Biorepair Gel application in quadrants Q2 and Q4.

Professional application of Biorepair Gel after Scaling and Root Planing and Air-Perio polishing (glycine powders).

Irrigation of periodontal pockets with Chlorhexidine 1.00% gel afterScaling and Root Planing and Air-Perio polishing (glycine powders).

Site-specific assessment of the presence or absence of gum bleeding after the insertion of the periodontal probe for the detection of PPD, detected on 6 sites. Percentage of sites with bleeding on probing determines the BOP%.

Evaluation (in mm) of the depth of the gingival sulcus, through a millimeter periodontal probe; it is detected from the gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket, evaluated at 6 sites.

Evaluation (in mm) of the distance between the gingival margin and the amelo-cemental junction (JEC). It is the exposure of the root surface, following the apical migration of periodontal structure.

% assessment of the amount of plaque on dental surfaces; it is detected on 4 surfaces: distal, mesial, vestibular, lingual / palatal. The number of sites with plaque is divided by the total number of sites available in the mouth and multiplied by 100. Results indicate the index as a percentage.

It is classified using numerical values: 0. Grade 0: oscillation within 0.2 mm; the teeth move naturally and there are no mobility problems; Grade I: horizontal mobility of the tooth from 0.2 to 1 mm; Grade II: horizontal mobility of the tooth from 1 to 2 mm; Grado III: horizontal mobility equal to or greater than 3 mm or vertical mobility of the tooth.

Comparing the measurements of periodontal indices in the two groups for the two different periodontal gels administered.

Inclusion Criteria: Presence of periodontal disease according to the recent 2017 classification (2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions): 1.1 Severity from grade I onwards (grade I: clinical attachment loss of 1-2 mm, bone loss in the cervical third greater than 15%, no elements loss for periodontitis); 1.2. Complexity from grade II onwards (grade II: maximum probing depth of 5 mm, bone loss mainly horizontally); Presence of bilateral periodontal probes, both to the right and to the left of the midline incisal line. Subjects who gave their written informed consent to take part of the study. Exclusion Criteria: Patient with cardiac pacemaker Patients suffering from psychological, neurological or psychiatric disorders Pregnant or breastfeeding women Cancer patients undergoing therapy Patients taking bisphosphonates within the last 12 months Patients with low compliance or inconsistent motivation Drug or alcohol users Presence of periodontal probes exclusively on the right or left side compared to the midline incisal line

Unit of Dental Hygiene - Section of Dentistry - Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatrics - University of Pavia