Percentage of Participants Who Achieved an SRI-4 Response at Week 24
SRI-4 response is a composite endpoint defined by the following criteria:
Reduction from baseline of ≥4 points in SLEDAI-2K.
No new organ system affected, as defined by no new organ system with British isles lupus assessment group-2004 (BILAG-2004) grade A and no more than 1 new organ system with BILAG-2004 grade B compared with Baseline.
No worsening from baseline in lupus disease activity as defined by <0.3-point increase on 3-point PGA -VAS.
No violation to protocol-specified medication rules.
Percentage of Participants With at Least 4 Joints (Both Swollen and Tender) at Baseline Who Achieved a Joint-50 Response at Week 52
Joint-50 response is 50% reduction in total active joint count from baseline. An active joint is defined as a joint with pain and signs of inflammation (e.g., tenderness, swelling or effusion). A 28-joint assessment will be performed to determine the active joint count, which is defined as the sum of tender and swollen joint counts.
Percentage of Participants with OCS ≥10 milligrams per day (mg/day) at Baseline Who Have OCS Reduction to ≤7.5 mg/day at Week 40, Which Is Sustained Through Week 52 with No Disease Worsening from Week 40 to Week 52
No worsening of the disease is defined as no new BILAG-2004 grade A or less than 2 new BILAG-2004 grade B since the last visit during the Week 40 to Week 52.
Percentage of Participants with a CLASI-A score ≥10 at Baseline Who Achieved a 50% Improvement From Baseline in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index Activity Score (CLASI-50) Response at Week 16
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index - Activity (CLASI-A) score is used to evaluate lupus skin manifestations. CLASI-A scores of 0 to 9, 10 to 20, and 21 to 70 represent disease severity of mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. CLASI-50 is 50% of improvement from baseline in CLASI-A.
Annualized Flare Rate Through Week 52
Annualized flare rate will be calculated as the total number of flares divided by the flare exposure time in days, and the ratio multiplied by 365.25.
Change from Baseline in Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Score by Visit
The PGA is an Investigator-administered assessment used to quantify disease activity and is measured using an anchored VAS. The PGA asks the Investigator to assess the participant's current disease activity from a score of 0 (none) to 3 (severe), with the assessment made relative to the most severe state of SLE.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved a British Isles Lupus Activity Group (BILAG)-Based Combined Lupus Assessment (BICLA) Response by Visit
The BILAG disease activity index evaluates SLE activity in number of organ systems, using a separate alphabetic score (A to E) assigned to each organ system defined as follows, BILAG A: severe disease activity; BILAG B: moderate disease activity; BILAG C: Stable mild disease; BILAG D: System previously affected but now inactive; BILAG E: System never involved. BICLA is a composite endpoint defined as BILAG-2004 improvement, defined as all BILAG-2004 grade A at Baseline improved to grade B, C, or D, and all BILAG-2004 grade B at baseline improved to grade C or D, no BILAG-2004 worsening in other BILAG-2004 organ systems such that there are no new BILAG-2004 grade A or greater than 1 new BILAG-2004 grade B, no worsening in the SLEDAI-2K total score compared with Baseline, no worsening from Baseline in lupus disease activity defined by < 0.3-point increase on 3-point PGA-VAS and no violation to protocol-specified medication rules.
Time to Onset of SRI-4 Response Sustained Through Week 52
SRI-4 response is a composite endpoint defined by the following criteria:
Reduction from baseline of ≥4 points in SLEDAI-2K.
No new organ system affected, as defined by no new organ system with British isles lupus assessment group-2004 (BILAG-2004) grade A and no more than 1 new organ system with BILAG-2004 grade B compared with Baseline.
No worsening from baseline in lupus disease activity as defined by <0.3-point increase on 3-point PGA -VAS.
No violation to protocol-specified medication rules.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved SRI-4, -5, or -6 Response by Visit
SRI-4 response is a composite endpoint defined by the following criteria:
Reduction from baseline of ≥4 points in SLEDAI-2K.
No new organ system affected, as defined by no new organ system with British isles lupus assessment group-2004 (BILAG-2004) grade A and no more than 1 new organ system with BILAG-2004 grade B compared with Baseline.
No worsening from baseline in lupus disease activity as defined by <0.3-point increase on 3-point PGA -VAS.
No violation to protocol-specified medication rules. The SRI-5 and SRI-6 are computed with a minimal five-point or six-point improvement in SLEDAI-2K being required, respectively.
Percentage of Participants with Joint-50 Response by Visit
Joint-50 response is 50% reduction in total active joint count from baseline. An active joint is defined as a joint with pain and signs of inflammation (e.g., tenderness, swelling or effusion). A 28-joint assessment will be performed to determine the active joint count, which is defined as the sum of tender and swollen joint counts.
Percentage of Participants with Baseline CLASI-A Score ≥10 Who Achieved a CLASI-20, -50, -70, or -90 Response by Visit
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index - Activity (CLASI-A) score is used to evaluate lupus skin manifestations. CLASI-A scores of 0 to 9, 10 to 20, and 21 to 70 represent disease severity of mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. CLASI-20, -50, -70 and -90 represent 20%, 50%, 70% or 90% improvement from baseline in CLASI-A score, respectively.
Percentage of Participants with Baseline CLASI-A Score ≥10 Who Achieved a CLASI-A Score of ≤ 1 by Visit
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index - Activity (CLASI-A) score is used to evaluate lupus skin manifestations. CLASI-A scores of 0 to 9, 10 to 20, and 21 to 70 represent disease severity of mild, moderate, and severe, respectively. CLASI-A ≤1 represent the absolute score ≤1 in CLASI-A by visit.
Time to First British Isles Lupus Activity Group-2004 (BILAG-2004) Severe Flare by Visit
BILAG-2004 severe flare is defined as an A score for items recorded as worse or new. BILAG-2004 is evaluated by scoring each item of a list of signs and symptoms given as 4 = new; 3 = worse; 2 = same; 1 = improving; 0 = not present; and ND = not done.
Time to First Severe Flare as defined by the Safety of Estrogens in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index Flare Index (SFI)
SFI severe flare is defined any of the following: change in SLEDAI instrument score to >12; or new or worse: central nervous system SLE; vasculitis; nephritis; myositis; platelets <60,000 per milliliter (/mL); or hemolytic anemia with hemoglobin <7 grams per deciliter (g/dL) or decrease in hemoglobin >3 g/dL and requiring: doubling prednisone dose; or increase to >0.5 milligrams per kilogram per day (mg/kg/day) or hospitalization; or increase in prednisone dose to >0.5 mg/kg/day; or new requirement for cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, or mycophenolate for SLE activity; or hospitalization for SLE activity; or increase in PGA score to >2.5.
Percentage of Time Spent in Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS)
LLDAS is a composite endpoint defined as:
SLEDAI-2K score ≤ 4, with no activity in a major organ system (renal, central nervous system, cardiopulmonary, vasculitis, fever); and
No new features of lupus disease activity compared with the previous assessment; and
Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI) PGA ≤ 1; and
Current prednisone (or equivalent) dose ≤ 7.5 mg/day; and
Standard maintenance doses of immunosuppressive drugs and approved biological agents.
Percentage of Participants With Sustained LLDAS as Defined by the Number of Participants With ≥ 3, ≥ 5, and ≥ 7 Consecutive Visits in LLDAS up to and Including Week 52
LLDAS is a composite endpoint defined as:
SLEDAI-2K score ≤ 4, with no activity in a major organ system (renal, central nervous system, cardiopulmonary, vasculitis, fever); and
No new features of lupus disease activity compared with the previous assessment; and
SELENA-SLEDAI PGA ≤ 1; and
Current prednisone (or equivalent) dose ≤ 7.5 mg/day; and
Standard maintenance doses of immunosuppressive drugs and approved biological agents.
Percentage of Participants who Achieved LLDAS at Week 52
LLDAS is a composite endpoint defined as:
SLEDAI-2K score ≤ 4, with no activity in a major organ system (renal, central nervous system, cardiopulmonary, vasculitis, fever); and
No new features of lupus disease activity compared with the previous assessment; and
SELENA-SLEDAI PGA ≤ 1; and
Current prednisone (or equivalent) dose ≤ 7.5 mg/day; and
Standard maintenance doses of immunosuppressive drugs and approved biological agents.
Percentage of Participants With Baseline OCS ≥10 mg/day Who Achieved ≤7.5 mg/day at Week 52
Change from Baseline in Lupus-Specific Health-Related Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (LupusQoL) Score
The LupusQoL is a participant-reported, lupus-specific, Health-Related Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (HRQoL) consisting of 34 items grouped in 8 domains: physical health, pain, planning, intimate relationships, burden to others, emotional health, body image and fatigue. Participants indicate their responses on a 5-point Likert response format, where 4 = never, 3 = occasionally, 2 = a good bit of the time, 1 = most of the time, and 0 = all the time. A LupusQoL score for each domain will be reported on a 0 to 100 scale, with greater values indicating better HRQoL.
Change From Baseline in Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36) Score
The SF-36 determines participant's overall quality of life by assessing 1) limitations in physical functioning due to health problems; 2) limitations in usual role because of physical health problems; 3) bodily pain; 4) general health perceptions; 5) vitality; 6) limitations in social functioning because of physical or emotional problems; 7) limitations in usual role due to emotional problems; and 8) general mental health. Items 1-4 primarily contribute to the physical component summary (PCS) score of the SF-36. Items 5-8 primarily contribute to the mental component summary (MCS) score of the SF-36. Scores on each item are summed and averaged (range: 0=worst to 100=best). Increases from baseline indicate improvement.
Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) Score
The FACIT-Fatigue is a participant-administered HRQoL questionnaire that evaluates participant's fatigue in the 5 broad categories: physical well-being, social/family well-being, emotional well-being, functional well-being and additional concerns. The level of fatigue is measured by questions assessed on a 5-point scale (0 = not at all; 1 = a little bit; 2 = somewhat; 3 = quite a bit; 4 = very much). The responses for each item are added to obtain a total score which ranges from 0 to 52, with a higher score indicating less fatigue.
Change From Baseline in Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) Score
The PHQ-9 is a participant-administered HRQoL questionnaire to screen for the presence and severity of depression. The PHQ-9 is a participant-reported outcome (PRO) that is used to measure depression in adults. It contains 9 questions. The PHQ-9 yields an overall severity score that can range from 0 to 27 with the following severity scores: 0-4 = none; 5-9 = mild; 10-14 = moderate; 15-19 = moderate-to-severe; and 20-27 = severe.
Change From Baseline in Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI): Lupus Score
WPAI questionnaire is a validated instrument to measure impairments in work and activities. The WPAI yields four types of scores: 1. Absenteeism (work time missed) 2. Presenteesism (impairment at work / reduced on-the-job effectiveness) 3. Work productivity loss (overall work impairment / absenteeism plus presenteeism) 4. Activity Impairment. Each score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher numbers indicating greater impairment and less productivity
Number of Participants with Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation participant administered a pharmaceutical product and that does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. A TEAE is an AE that started or worsened in severity after the first dose of study treatment through 28 days after the last dose of study treatment or end of study (EOS) date, whichever comes earlier. An SAE is any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose results in death (a life-threatening event), in the view of the investigator, places the participant at immediate risk of death, requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, results in a birth defect, or is a medically important event.
Number of Participants with Antibodies to BIIB059