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Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract Versus Rectal Advancement Flap in the Treatment of Complex Anal Fistula (LIFTRAF-RCT)

Primary Purpose

Anal Fistula

Status
Active
Phase
Phase 3
Locations
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
LIFT
FLAP
Sponsored by
Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía de Murcia
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Anal Fistula focused on measuring anal fistula, lift, advancement flap, recurrence

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • patient diagnosed with transsphincteric (medium or high) or suprasphincteric cryptoglandular anal fistula
  • with no abscess at the time of surgery
  • who agreed to participate and signed the informed consent form
  • capable transsphincteric understanding and following study instructions

Exclusion Criteria:

  • diagnosed with, or with a suspected diagnosis of, Crohn's disease
  • diagnosed with, or with a suspected diagnosis of, malignant anal tumour
  • diagnosed with, or with a suspected diagnosis of,tuberculosis or suppurative hidradenitis
  • a history of radiotherapy of the ano-perineal region
  • language difficulties that prevent comprehension of the study
  • refusal to participate

Sites / Locations

    Arms of the Study

    Arm 1

    Arm 2

    Arm Type

    Experimental

    Active Comparator

    Arm Label

    LIFT

    FLAP

    Arm Description

    ligation of interesphincteric fistula tract

    Rectal advancement flap

    Outcomes

    Primary Outcome Measures

    Curation
    Proportion of subjects in each treatment group without fistula recurrence after surgery

    Secondary Outcome Measures

    Functionality
    Anal continence measured by Wexner Scale (0-20, higher is worst)
    Security
    Rate of Complications after surgery
    Time of recurrence
    time to fistula relapse afeter surgery
    Time of surgery
    Duration of surgery in each arm

    Full Information

    First Posted
    February 9, 2022
    Last Updated
    February 21, 2022
    Sponsor
    Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía de Murcia
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    1. Study Identification

    Unique Protocol Identification Number
    NCT05263661
    Brief Title
    Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract Versus Rectal Advancement Flap in the Treatment of Complex Anal Fistula
    Acronym
    LIFTRAF-RCT
    Official Title
    Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract Versus Rectal Advancement Flap in the Treatment of Complex Anal Fistula: Randomised Clinical Trial
    Study Type
    Interventional

    2. Study Status

    Record Verification Date
    February 2022
    Overall Recruitment Status
    Active, not recruiting
    Study Start Date
    January 1, 2013 (Actual)
    Primary Completion Date
    January 1, 2014 (Actual)
    Study Completion Date
    January 1, 2023 (Anticipated)

    3. Sponsor/Collaborators

    Responsible Party, by Official Title
    Principal Investigator
    Name of the Sponsor
    Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía de Murcia

    4. Oversight

    Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
    No
    Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
    No
    Data Monitoring Committee
    Yes

    5. Study Description

    Brief Summary
    Objective: Rectal advancement flap (RAF) is currently considered the gold standard in the treatment of complex anal fistula (CAF). Clinical trials are a priority given the few consistent results available with level 1 evidence. We compare the results of two conservative sphincter techniques: ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) versus RAF. Material and Method: A controlled, randomised clinical trial is conducted in patients operated between 2013 and 2016 in Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofia, Murcia, Spain. The primary objective was to evaluate relapse at 12 months of follow-up, and the secondary objectives were post-op anal continence (Wexner), post-operative complications (haematoma, infection of surgical site, suture dehiscence), duration of surgery and hospitalisation. Post-operative controls 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery.
    Detailed Description
    Material and method Design: Phase III, single centre, randomised, open-label, parallel group trial controlled with active comparator, with blind evaluation of results by a non-commercial third party. This study was conducted in 72 patients who had undergone complex anal fistula surgery and met the inclusion criteria. The study was conducted by the Colo proctology Unit of the General and Digestive Surgery Department of Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofia, Murcia, Spain, from February 2013 to June 2016, and approved by the hospital's Independent Ethics Committee (IEC). The study was conducted pursuant to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (Seoul, October 2008) and the Good Clinical Practice (GP) standards of the European Economic Community's task force on the efficacy of medicinal substances (1990) and all legislation currently applicable in Spain (Royal Decree 223/2004 of 6 February). Patients with a diagnosis or suspected diagnosis of anal fistula were referred to the Coloproctology Office. At the first visit, demographic data and a clinical history was obtained, followed by a physical examination of the anal region, with rigid anoscopy, ordering an endoanal ultrasound. At a second visit, if the diagnosis of complex anal fistula was confirmed, after providing information about the study, the patient was invited to participate, signed the consent form, and underwent the pre-operative Wexner scale. Patients were allocated a randomisation code for LIFT or RAF on the day of surgery. After surgery, controls were performed on days 7 and 14, by means of a symptoms diary to be completed by each patient, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the surgery, with the Wexner scale calculated in the last control of each patient. Complex anal fistula was defined as a fistula at risk of affecting continence involving more than 30% of the sphincteric apparatus. Infection of surgical site at or near the incision in the 30 days following surgery (28). Haematoma was defined as accumulation of blood in the surgical area, with bluish or violet colouring of the affected area; surgical wound dehiscence was defined as the spontaneous separation of the edges of the wound, in the absence of surgical site infection. The inclusion criteria were patient diagnosed with transsphincteric (medium or high) or suprasphincteric cryptoglandular anal fistula, over 18 years of age, with no abscess at the time of surgery, who agreed to participate and signed the informed consent form, and was capable transsphincteric understanding and following study instructions. The exclusion criteria were minor patient, diagnosed with, or with a suspected diagnosis of, Crohn's disease, malignant anal tumour, tuberculosis or suppurative hidradenitis, a history of radiotherapy of the ano-perineal region, language difficulties that prevent comprehension of the study, or refusal to participate. Each patient's data were collected in the case report form and transferred to a database for their statistical analysis by an analyst unrelated to the study, preserving their anonymity and the treatment group to which they belonged. Study objectives: The primary objective was to show the non-inferiority in therapeutic efficacy of LIFT versus RAF in the surgical treatment of CAF. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of subjects in each treatment group without fistula recurrence 12 months after surgery. The secondary objectives were to show the non inferiority of LIFT versus RAF in therapeutic safety: Evaluating functionality, both before and after surgery, in both treatment groups, through anal continence, using the Wexner scale. Comparing post-operative complications in both treatment groups: infection of surgical site, haematoma and surgical wound dehiscence. Comparing time to fistula relapse in both treatment groups, by a survival analysis. Analysing hospital management factors (duration of surgery and hospitalisation) in both treatment groups. Randomisation and surgeries: The subjects were randomised 1:1 to receive LIFT or RAF surgery. Patient randomisation was by randomisation in balanced six-cell blocks; the sequence was custodied by the Teaching Secretary, unrelated to the study. The surgeon requested each patient's randomisation code on the day of surgery. LIFT or RAF. The patients were operated by three surgeons from the Coloproctology Unit, whose learning curve was based on unifying experimental technique (LIFT) criteria in six patients before the start of the study. All the surgeries used epidural anaesthesia. Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT): jackknife position. Location of IFO by injecting a diluted (1/3) solution of hydrogen peroxide through the external fistula orifice (EFO). Opening of the fistula trajectory with a stylus. Curved 2.5 cm incision in the intersphincteric space until trajectory is skeletalised, ligation of internal and external sphincter with 3/0 single thread polyglecaprone 25 absorbable suture (MonocrylTM Plus®), exeresis of the trajectory between the ligations with cold scalpel. Cleansing of distal part with curette and enlargement of the external fistula orifice (EFO). Closure of the muscular intersphincteric plane with loose stitches of 3/0 polyglecaprone 25 single-thread absorbable suture (MonocrylTM Plus®). Closure of intersphincteric skin with simple plaited polyglycolic acid absorbable sutures (SSA90®). Rectal advancement flap (CAR): jackknife in case of anterior fistula and lithotomy in case of posterior fistula. Location of IFO by injecting a diluted (1/3) solution of hydrogen peroxide through EFO. Opening of the fistula trajectory with a stylus. Excision of the extrasphincteric component of the fistula and cleansing of sphincteric tract. Design of a flap with electric scalpel, of partial thickness including mucosa-submucosa and part of the fibres of the internal sphincter, with a broad base (twice the apex), sliding in a craniocaudal direction, without tension, to completely cover the internal part of the fistula, closure of the internal orifice with cross stitch and suture of flap with simple 3/0 polyglecaprone 25 absorbable suture (MonocrylTM Plus®). Peri-operative care and follow-up: All patients were advised to follow a waste-free diet 48 hours before admission, and were given an enema on the night before surgery. All patients received antibiotic prophylaxis with IV amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 2 g half an hour before the start of surgery. Six hours after surgery, liquid diet commenced, progressing to semi-bland for dinner that night, and bland on the first day after surgery. No postoperative antibiotic treatment was indicated. The ward surgeon, unrelated to the study, discharged the patient based on these criteria: afebrile, controlled pain, appropriate oral tolerance and surgical wound correct. All patients received 12 months of follow-up, except for one who left the study after 8 months. After discharge, the patient attended for cleaning of the surgical wound on the following two Fridays, with review of the symptom diary (SD) and evaluation of possible complications by the Coloproctology Unit surgeon. The patient attended a scheduled appointment one month after surgery (1st post-op visit), where he was evaluated and data was collected in the case report form (CRF), the SD was collected and possible complications were evaluated (infection of surgical site, haematoma, wound dehiscence). New appointments were scheduled at 3 (2nd post-op visit) and 6 months (3rd post-op visit), where the patient was evaluated and the respective data were collected. The final visit (4th post-op visit) took place at 12 months, where the post-op Wexner scale was applied. Sample size and statistical analysis: When the study began, publications reported a relapse rate of 0-33% with rectal advancement flap, with an average of 19% (19) and we can assume that the response rate to surgical treatment was approximately 85% for RAF, while the expected response rate for LIFT was 70%, the average of the rates observed in clinical studies published to date, which ranged from 57% to 94% (19). With these data, considering response as the absence of fistula recurrence at 12 months, and in order to obtain a power of 80% to reject the null hypothesis (Ho), that the difference between proportions p1 and p2 was lower than the non-inferiority limit, by a normal asymptotic test for proportions, unilateral for two independent samples, considering that the level of significance was 0.5, assuming that the proportion in the reference group was 85%, the proportion in the experimental group was 70%, the proportion of patients in the reference group relative to the total was 50% and the non-inferiority limit was 10% and the expected withdrawal rate was 5%, 36 patients were required for the reference group and 36 for the experimental group, making a total of 72 patients in the study. The categorical variables were described with mean values and percentages. The continuous variables were described with mean values and standard deviation, or median values and range. The Chi-square or Fisher test was used to compare two qualitative variables, to see whether there was dependence between them. The Bonferroni correction was used for column comparisons. The Student's t-test was used for comparison of the two groups, after checking the normality and homogeneity of variances assumptions with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene tests, respectively. For the analysis of non-inferiority of the primary and categorical variables, the calculation was through the Farrington-Manning score and Miettinen-Nurminen Score tests, with a level of significance of 0.05 and a non-inferiority limit of 0.10. For the continuous variables, non-inferiority was evaluated by difference of means, with the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Wilcoxon test. All statistical comparisons used a bilateral test with a level of significance of p < 0.05. The primary study analysis was based on the intention-to-treat population.

    6. Conditions and Keywords

    Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
    Anal Fistula
    Keywords
    anal fistula, lift, advancement flap, recurrence

    7. Study Design

    Primary Purpose
    Treatment
    Study Phase
    Phase 3
    Interventional Study Model
    Parallel Assignment
    Model Description
    A controlled, randomised clinical trial
    Masking
    Outcomes Assessor
    Masking Description
    Open
    Allocation
    Randomized
    Enrollment
    72 (Actual)

    8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

    Arm Title
    LIFT
    Arm Type
    Experimental
    Arm Description
    ligation of interesphincteric fistula tract
    Arm Title
    FLAP
    Arm Type
    Active Comparator
    Arm Description
    Rectal advancement flap
    Intervention Type
    Procedure
    Intervention Name(s)
    LIFT
    Other Intervention Name(s)
    ligation of interesphincteric fistula tract
    Intervention Description
    Ligation of fistula tract between external and internal sphincter
    Intervention Type
    Procedure
    Intervention Name(s)
    FLAP
    Other Intervention Name(s)
    Rectal advancement flap
    Intervention Description
    Creation of a partial wall rectal flap to close internal opening of fistula tract
    Primary Outcome Measure Information:
    Title
    Curation
    Description
    Proportion of subjects in each treatment group without fistula recurrence after surgery
    Time Frame
    1 year
    Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
    Title
    Functionality
    Description
    Anal continence measured by Wexner Scale (0-20, higher is worst)
    Time Frame
    1 year
    Title
    Security
    Description
    Rate of Complications after surgery
    Time Frame
    1 month
    Title
    Time of recurrence
    Description
    time to fistula relapse afeter surgery
    Time Frame
    10 years
    Title
    Time of surgery
    Description
    Duration of surgery in each arm
    Time Frame
    1 day

    10. Eligibility

    Sex
    All
    Minimum Age & Unit of Time
    18 Years
    Accepts Healthy Volunteers
    No
    Eligibility Criteria
    Inclusion Criteria: patient diagnosed with transsphincteric (medium or high) or suprasphincteric cryptoglandular anal fistula with no abscess at the time of surgery who agreed to participate and signed the informed consent form capable transsphincteric understanding and following study instructions Exclusion Criteria: diagnosed with, or with a suspected diagnosis of, Crohn's disease diagnosed with, or with a suspected diagnosis of, malignant anal tumour diagnosed with, or with a suspected diagnosis of,tuberculosis or suppurative hidradenitis a history of radiotherapy of the ano-perineal region language difficulties that prevent comprehension of the study refusal to participate
    Overall Study Officials:
    First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
    Jorge Alejandro Benavides Buleje, PhD
    Organizational Affiliation
    Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía
    Official's Role
    Principal Investigator

    12. IPD Sharing Statement

    Plan to Share IPD
    No
    IPD Sharing Plan Description
    If asked
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    Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract Versus Rectal Advancement Flap in the Treatment of Complex Anal Fistula

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