Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Visual Functions of Adult Amblyopia: a Preliminary Study
Amblyopia
About this trial
This is an interventional health services research trial for Amblyopia focused on measuring Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Amblyopia, Neuroplasticity
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adult amblyopia participants, aged 20-50 years old.
- Based on inclusion criteria, there was a minimum of 2 lines difference in BCVA between the 2 eyes.
- An amblyogenic factor and history of amblyopia treatment was recorded
Exclusion Criteria:
- Unstable vital sign
- History of brain injury and/or head trauma
- Neurological and psychiatric disease
- Seizures or family history of seizure
- Pregnancy
- Uncontrolled migraine or the presence of metallic implants or shunt in the head or torso
- Wide region of ischemic cicatrix, multiple sclerosis, taking tricycle antidepressants,
- Analgesics or any drugs may decrease the threshold for inducing seizure
- Experienced sleep disorders during the rTMS treatment
- Severe alcoholism or taking seizure drugs
- Severe heart diseases or uncontrollable migraine caused by high intracranial pressure
Sites / Locations
- National Taiwan University HospitalRecruiting
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Experimental
Experimental
Sham Comparator
Intermittent theta burst
Continuous theta burst
Sham theta burst
The total TBS time is about 1 to 3 minutes and the subjects have to look at at a visual stimulus on a computer monitor while receiving TBS and continue the visual training until 20 minutes after the treatment. In iTBS group, the subjects look at the visual stimulus with amblyopic eye while in cTBS group, subjects look at visual stimulus with non-amblyopic eye. The subjects will receive three times of stimulations in one week. The visual function evaluation includes BCVA, contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity. Visual functions will be evaluated right after TBS session (t1). Participant will receive same type of treatment for another 2 times within one week followed by visual function tests (t2). To evaluate the long-term effect, participants will be followed for another visual function tests (t3) after 2 weeks.
The total TBS time is about 1 to 3 minutes and the subjects have to look at at a visual stimulus on a computer monitor while receiving TBS and continue the visual training until 20 minutes after the treatment. In iTBS group, the subjects look at the visual stimulus with amblyopic eye while in cTBS group, subjects look at visual stimulus with non-amblyopic eye. The subjects will receive three times of stimulations in one week. The visual function evaluation includes BCVA, contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity. Visual functions will be evaluated right after TBS session (t1). Participant will receive same type of treatment for another 2 times within one week followed by visual function tests (t2). To evaluate the long-term effect, participants will be followed for another visual function tests (t3) after 2 weeks.
The stimulus intensity in sham group is about half of that in iTBS/cTBS groups, and the subjects receive a placebo stimulation with the coil orientation tilted to 90°. The visual function evaluation includes BCVA, contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity. Visual functions will be evaluated right after TBS session (t1). Participant will receive same type of treatment for another 2 times within one week followed by visual function tests (t2). To evaluate the long-term effect, participants will be followed for another visual function tests (t3) after 2 weeks.