Effect of Personality Traits on Reporting Outcomes of Orthodontic Treatment (OrthoPers)

The study will monitor changes induced by orthodontic treatment and in the retention period, two years after the end of orthodontic treatment. The alignment of teeth, hygiene and gingiva will be assessed. Efficiency of two types of fixed appliances in active phase will be compared - esthetic and metal. Efficiency of two types of retention appliances in retention phase will be compared - fixed and removable. The benefits of orthodontic treatment to be studied are aesthetic concerns, dental self-confidence, self-esteem, social contacts, psychological influences, and chewing limitation. The stability of personality traits, body image and perfectionism will also be analyzed, as well as the extent to which these dimensions modify the reporting of psychosocial effects of malocclusion treatment.

The aim is to analyze: the extent to which the type of device (metal / aesthetic) affects changes in quality of life (QoL) whether the change in QoL is influenced by personality traits during therapy long-term change in QoL and personality traits (before therapy, during, at the end and in retention for 2 years) whether long-term QoL change is influenced by personality traits dependence of relapse (incidence and intensity) on the type of retention appliance change in QoL and personality trait depending on relapse whether the change in QoL due to relapse is influenced by personality traits

Little Irregularity Index - sum of displacement of contact points of frontal teeth (range 0-10 mm), higher score mean worse outcome

Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire with 17 aspects, each on 3-point scale (summary score on scale 0-51), higher score mean worse outcome

Big Five Inventory with 44 statements, each on 5-point scale, grouped into 5 traits: (extroversion (range 8-40), agreeableness (range 9-45), openness (range 10-50), conscientiousness (range 9-45) and neuroticism (range 8-40). higher score mean worse outcome

clinically assessed by using Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need - Dental Health Component with 5 grades, range 1=no/minor need - 5=very great need

assessed by using Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need - Aesthetic Component with 10 grades, range 1=no need - 10=very great need

Jaw Function Limitation Scale with 6 items on 11-point scale (0=no limitation-10=extreme limitation), average score, higher score indicates worse outcome

Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale with 10 items on 5-point scale (1=not at all-5=very much), summary score on scale 5-50, higher score indicates better outcome

4 items on 5-point scale (1=not at all-5=very much), total score 4-20, higher score indicates better outcome

35 items on 5-point scale (1=completely disagree-5=completely agree), range 29 - 145, higher score indicates better outcome

23 items on 5-point scale (0=not at all-4=very much), grouped in 4 dimensions - aesthetic concern (range 0-12), dental self-confidence (range 0-24), social influence (range 0-32), psychological influence (range 0-24)), higher score means worse outcome for psychological influence, social influence and aesthetic concern, while in dental self-confidence higher score indicates better outcome

Silness-Loe index and Williams modification for subjects in orthodontic treatment on a scale from 0=no biofilm to 3=a continuous line greater than 1mm, mean of all measurement site is used, range 0-3, higher score means worse outcome

Seymour index (thickness (scale 0=normal-2=thickening >=3mm) + proportion of tooth crown coverage (scale 0=normal-3=papilla involving .2/3 of adjacent tooth crown half) on frontal teeth vestibular and oral in both jaws; scale 0-100), higher score means worse outcome

Inclusion Criteria: - malocclusion with moderate or great need for orthodontic treatment (Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need grades >=3) Exclusion Criteria: - neurodevelopmental disorders, intellectual disability, oligodontia, congenital craniofacial anomalies, orofacial clefts