Alternative Dosing Scheme of Pomalidomide 4 mg Every Other Day Versus Pomalidomide 2 mg and 4 mg Every Day; the POMAlternative Study (POMAlternative)

Alternative Dosing Scheme of Pomalidomide 4 mg Every Other Day Versus Pomalidomide 2 mg and 4 mg Every Day; the POMAlternative Study

Alternative Dosing Scheme of Pomalidomide 4 mg Every Other Day Versus Pomalidomide 2 mg and 4 mg Every Day: Reduction in Costs, Same Efficacy? A PKPD Bioequivalence Pilot Study; the POMAlternative Study

Pomalidomide either as single therapy or in combination with cyclophosphamide, elotuzumab, bortezomib, or daratumumab are effective treatment regimens in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Standard dosing is 4 mg/day during 21 days of a 28-day cycle (21/28). However, a clear dose-response association for pomalidomide in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) is lacking. There is data supporting that a dose of 2 mg/day continuously (28/28) induces fewer side effects while efficacy is preserved, compared to 4 mg/day continuously. The response in patients who received pomalidomide 2 mg per day compared to 4 mg per day was higher, with a longer duration of response. In addition, a randomized phase II study showed no difference in efficacy between 4 mg (21/28) and 4 mg continuously. These clinical studies support that a dosage of pomalidomide of 2 mg (28/28) is at least comparable with a dosage of 4 mg (21/28). It is not known if 4 mg every other day (EOD) is comparable to a dosage of pomalidomide 2 mg (28/28) or 4 mg every day (QD, 21/28). For cost reasons, this is interesting as the costs of pomalidomide 4 mg and 2 mg are comparable. Therefore, from a patient and societal perspective, the investigators want to explore if an alternative scheme would be possible by performing a PKPD bio-equivalence pilot study.

Pomalidomide either as single therapy or in combination with cyclophosphamide, elotuzumab, bortezomib, or daratumumab are effective treatment regimens in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Standard dosing is 4 mg/day during 21 days of a 28-day cycle (21/28). However, a clear dose-response association for pomalidomide in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) is lacking. There is data supporting that a dose of 2 mg/day continuously (28/28) induces fewer side effects while efficacy is preserved, compared to 4 mg/day continuously. The response in patients who received pomalidomide 2 mg per day compared to 4 mg per day was higher, with a longer duration of response. In addition, a randomized phase II study showed no difference in efficacy between 4 mg (21/28) and 4 mg continuously. These clinical studies support that a dosage of pomalidomide of 2 mg (28/28) is at least comparable with a dosage of 4 mg (21/28). It is not known if 4 mg every other day (EOD) is comparable to a dosage of pomalidomide 2 mg (28/28) or 4 mg every day (QD, 21/28). For cost reasons, this is interesting as the costs of pomalidomide 4 mg and 2 mg are comparable. Therefore, from a patient and societal perspective, the investigators want to explore if an alternative scheme would be possible by performing a PKPD bio-equivalence pilot study.

Group A (6 patients): Cycle 1: Pomalidomide 4 mg every day on day 1-21; Cycle 2: 4 mg every other day on day 1-21; Cycle 3: 2 mg every day on day 1-28. In Cycles of 28 days.

Group B (6 patients): Cycle 1: Pomalidomide 4 mg every day on day 1-21; Cycle 2: 2 mg every day on day 1-28; Cycle 3: 4 mg every other day on day 1-21. In Cycles of 28 days.

The AUC/MIC ratio during usage of pomalidomide 4 mg QD on day 1-21, 4 mg EOD on day 1-21, and 2 mg QD on day 1-28 in cycles of 28 days.

The level of the Ctrough during usage of pomalidomide 4 mg QD on day 1-21, 4 mg EOD on day 1-21, and 2 mg QD on day 1-28 in cycles of 28 days.

The Cmax during usage of pomalidomide 4 mg QD on day 1-21, 4 mg EOD on day 1- 21, and 2 mg QD on day 1-28 in cycles of 28 days.

The time above the EC50 during usage of pomalidomide 4 mg QD on day 1-21, 4 mg EOD on day 1- 21, and 2 mg QD on day 1-28 in cycles of 28 days.

Toxicity and side effects during usage of pomalidomide 4 mg every day on day 1-21, pomalidomide 4 mg every other day on day 1-21, and pomalidomide 2 mg every day on day 1-28 in cycles of 28 days.

T-cell activation, defined as the expression of membrane activation markers and cytokine markers during usage of pomalidomide 4 mg every day on day 1-21, pomalidomide 4 mg every other day on day 1-21, and pomalidomide 2 mg every day on day 1-28 in cycles of 28 days.

Ikaros/Aiolos degradation as a biological measurement of pomalidomide activation during usage of pomalidomide 4 mg every day on day 1-21, pomalidomide 4 mg every other day on day 1-21, and pomalidomide 2 mg every day on day 1-28 in cycles of 28 days.

Concentration of pomalidomide in PBMCs during usage of pomalidomide 4 mg every day on day 1-21, pomalidomide 4 mg every other day on day 1-21, and pomalidomide 2 mg every day on day 1-28 in cycles of 28 days.

Inclusion Criteria: Patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, who are eligible for a treatment regimen which contains pomalidomide. Either monotherapy or in combination with bortezomib, daratumumab, cyclophosphamide, or elotuzumab Patients who received a minimum of two cycles of pomalidomide 4mg every day on day 1-21/28 Age > 18 years WHO performance status 0-3 Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Usage of CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g. ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, ketoconazole, carbamazepine, fluvoxamine, and grapefruit juice) Renal insufficiency requiring dialysis Significant hepatic dysfunction (total bilirubin > 330 μmol/l or transaminases > 3 times normal level) Current smoker Hemoglobin <6.5 mmol/L Thrombocytes <100 *10^9/L Neutrophiles <1.5 *10^9/L Pregnant patients Female patients who are able to get pregnant and who do not agree to adequate birth control or complete abstinence Male patients who do not agree to adequate birth control or complete abstinence Hypersensitivity to pomalidomide or constituents