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Losartan to Reduce Radiation Induced Fibrosis in Breast Cancer Patients

Primary Purpose

Radiation Induced Fibrosis

Status
Recruiting
Phase
Phase 2
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Losartan 25 milligram capsule
Placebo
Sponsored by
Shaw Cancer Center
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for Radiation Induced Fibrosis focused on measuring losartan, radiation, fibrosis, cosmesis, reoperation, TGFB1, Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers, ace inhibitor, Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, TGF-β1, antifibrotic, signaling pathway, breast cancer, TGF beta, radiation induced fibrosis, irradiation fibrosis, Radiation injury with fibrosis, Transforming growth factor beta 1, Inflammation, Biomarker, Suppressor of Mothers against Decapentaplegic (SMAD)

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)FemaleDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria Diagnosed with clinical or pathologic stage 0-IV invasive breast cancer to include ductal carcinoma in situ (Tis), primary tumor cannot be assessed (TX) and all other primary tumor stage categories (T1-T4) Has been treated with breast conserving surgery or mastectomy with reconstruction Is a candidate for unilateral post-surgery radiation therapy per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines Age ≥ 18 Female Laboratory values Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 x Upper Limit Normal (ULN) Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN Creatine ≤ 1.5 x ULN Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 Inclusion of Women and Minorities - Women of any race/ethnicity are eligible for this trial. Exclusion Criteria Recurrent breast cancer or history of prior breast radiation therapy Breast cancer requiring bilateral breast/chest wall radiation therapy Undergoing concurrent chemotherapy treatment Documented fall risk Active known or suspected systemic autoimmune disease (except for vitiligo, residual auto-immune hypothyroidism requiring hormone replacement only, psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment for two years, conditions not expected to recur in the absence of an external trigger) or any history of a systemic inflammatory arthritis such as psoriatic, rheumatoid, systemic lupus, ankylosing spondylitis or reactive arthritis Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to: Symptomatic congestive heart failure Unstable angina pectoris Kidney disease Uncontrolled diabetes Cystic fibrosis Fibromyalgia based on American College of Rheumatology criteria Concomitant use of: Losartan Other renin-angiotensin system (RAS) agent Agents to increase serum potassium Lithium Aliskiren for diabetes Having a known allergy to any active or inactive ingredient in Losartan Unable to tolerate oral medication Pregnant or breast-feeding or planning pregnancy for the year following radiation The presence of interstitial lung disease on baseline CT scan Patients with any medical condition, including findings in laboratory or medical history or in the baseline assessments, that (in the opinion of the Principal Clinical Investigator or his/her designee), constitutes a risk or contraindication for participation in the study or that could interfere with the study conduct, endpoint evaluation or prevent the subject from fully participating in all aspects of the study Individuals known to possess deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) gene mutations including: Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog (RAD21) C-to-T single-nucleotide polymorphism (C-509T) in the Transforming growth factor β-1 gene

Sites / Locations

  • Vail Health Shaw Cancer CenterRecruiting

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm 3

Arm 4

Arm Type

Experimental

Placebo Comparator

Experimental

Placebo Comparator

Arm Label

Breast Conservation Surgery with Losartan

Breast Conservation Surgery with Placebo

Mastectomy with Losartan

Mastectomy with Placebo

Arm Description

Participants who underwent breast conservation surgery will take losartan in a 25 milligram oral capsule once daily starting day one of radiation therapy until one year following the completion of radiation therapy.

Participants who underwent breast conservation surgery will take placebo in a 25 milligram oral capsule once daily starting day one of radiation therapy until one year following the completion of radiation therapy.

Participants who underwent a mastectomy will take losartan in a 25 milligram oral capsule once daily starting day one of radiation therapy until one year following the completion of radiation therapy.

Participants who underwent a mastectomy will take placebo in a 25 milligram oral capsule once daily starting day one of radiation therapy until one year following the completion of radiation therapy.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Fibrosis of the breast or reconstructed breast in irradiated breast cancer patients
Fibrosis will be assessed by a radiation oncology provider using the Late Effects Normal Tissue Task Force (LENT)-Subjective, Objective, Management, Analytic (SOMA) (LENT-SOMA) scale. 0=Fibrosis absent, not detectable. 1=Fibrosis is Barely Palpable; 2=Definite increased density; 3=Very marked density, retraction and firmness and fixation
Radiographic lung fibrosis in the radiation field of irradiated breast cancer patients
Radiographic lung fibrosis will be assessed with high resolution CT scans of the thorax. Thorax CT scans will be fused to the radiation planning CT scan for confirmation of the overlap of fibrosis with the radiation field.
Average levels of cellular senescence, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) serum biomarkers
Cellular senescence, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) including TGF-β and inflammation will be quantified in the treatment and control group. A novel and expert approach to measure senescent cells in serum will be utilized.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Change in breast volume
Bilateral mammographic determination of breast volume will be calculated at routine follow-up intervals. Breast shrinkage associated with radiation-induced fibrosis will be assessed by monitoring the change in the breast volume of the treated breast from baseline to 18 months following completion of radiation therapy. Measurement of breast volume on both breasts will use breast height in centimeters (cm) (H), breast width in cm (W) and compression thickness in cm (C), from a craniocaudal projection. Volume in milliliters (mL) = (π/4) x H x W x C. Mammograms will also provide a distance measurement, in centimeters, on the nipple line from nipple to pectoralis muscle and a length measurement, in centimeters, from the superior to inferior margin that bisects the Posterior to Nipple Line (PNL) at a 90° angle.
Cosmesis
Cosmesis will be assessed using a clinician assessment The Harvard Cosmesis Scale: 1=Excellent (Treated breast nearly identical to untreated breast); 2=Good (Treated breast slightly different from untreated breast); 3=Fair (Treated breast clearly different from untreated breast but not distorted); 4=Poor Treated breast seriously distorted.
Patient reported outcomes
Self-reported participant quality of life will be assessed by Breast-Q Reconstruction Module. The Breast-Q, Version 2.0 tool was developed to assess participant's perception of clinical outcomes in both psychological and satisfaction domains will be used. Psychosocial Well-Being module: measures psychological well being Physical Well-Being Chest module: measures pain or tightness and difficulty with mobility Satisfaction with Breasts (Post-Op) module: satisfaction with breast size, how bras fit, and appearance in mirror clothed or unclothed, as well as how breasts feel when they are touched. Adverse Effects of Radiation module: measures physical changes such as soreness of skin.
Reoperation notation
The participant's decision to have corrective surgery on either breast after radiation will be recorded at each time-point. Post-mastectomy patients will be considered to have been reoperated if corrective surgery occurred after permanent implant placement.

Full Information

First Posted
November 10, 2022
Last Updated
October 13, 2023
Sponsor
Shaw Cancer Center
Collaborators
Steadman Philippon Research Institute
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT05637216
Brief Title
Losartan to Reduce Radiation Induced Fibrosis in Breast Cancer Patients
Official Title
A Pilot Study of Losartan to Reduce Radiation Induced Fibrosis in Breast Cancer Patients
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
October 2023
Overall Recruitment Status
Recruiting
Study Start Date
August 17, 2023 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
August 17, 2027 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
August 17, 2027 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Shaw Cancer Center
Collaborators
Steadman Philippon Research Institute

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
Yes
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
This study will evaluate the efficacy of Losartan (LOS), an FDA-approved transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) blocker, to decrease radiation induced fibrosis (RIF) in the breast and the lung of breast cancer patients, testing the hypothesis that Losartan will decrease RIF, TGF- β1 and cellular senescence/inflammation in the breast and the lung of irradiated breast cancer patients relative to placebo treatment and consequently improve clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients.
Detailed Description
This single site study will be conducted at the Shaw Cancer Center in Edwards, Colorado. A block, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized phase II design will be utilized . Study participants will be blocked by surgical intervention (breast conserving surgery vs. mastectomy) and then randomized, 1:1, into the treatment and control arms for a total of four study arms. The research team and study participants will be blinded to the study arm and a placebo will be used to reduce detection bias in the reporting of outcomes. Selection bias will be minimized through the randomization of study arms. Study participants will be prescribed 25mg capsules of placebo or the investigational drug, Losartan, to be taken by mouth once daily. The treatment start date will be the day that subject begins radiation therapy. Radiation therapy will continue to be prescribed in accordance with local clinic procedures. Treatment with the study intervention will continue for one year upon completion of radiation therapy. All participants will be assessed for fibrosis, cosmetic outcomes, and incidence of reoperation for 18 months following the completion of radiation therapy.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Radiation Induced Fibrosis
Keywords
losartan, radiation, fibrosis, cosmesis, reoperation, TGFB1, Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers, ace inhibitor, Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, TGF-β1, antifibrotic, signaling pathway, breast cancer, TGF beta, radiation induced fibrosis, irradiation fibrosis, Radiation injury with fibrosis, Transforming growth factor beta 1, Inflammation, Biomarker, Suppressor of Mothers against Decapentaplegic (SMAD)

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Model Description
Participants will be blocked by surgical type (breast conservation surgery/mastectomy) and then randomized 1:1 in a parallel design into treatment and control arms. All participants will take an oral 25 milligram tablet once daily of either losartan or placebo. Assessments of fibrosis will include provider assessments and participant reported outcomes of fibrosis and cosmesis, the participant's decision for reoperation, laboratory assessments of inflammatory biomarkers, a CT scan and bilateral mammograms.
Masking
ParticipantCare ProviderInvestigatorOutcomes Assessor
Masking Description
Participants, research staff and clinicians will be blinded from study group assignment.
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
40 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Breast Conservation Surgery with Losartan
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants who underwent breast conservation surgery will take losartan in a 25 milligram oral capsule once daily starting day one of radiation therapy until one year following the completion of radiation therapy.
Arm Title
Breast Conservation Surgery with Placebo
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Participants who underwent breast conservation surgery will take placebo in a 25 milligram oral capsule once daily starting day one of radiation therapy until one year following the completion of radiation therapy.
Arm Title
Mastectomy with Losartan
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants who underwent a mastectomy will take losartan in a 25 milligram oral capsule once daily starting day one of radiation therapy until one year following the completion of radiation therapy.
Arm Title
Mastectomy with Placebo
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Participants who underwent a mastectomy will take placebo in a 25 milligram oral capsule once daily starting day one of radiation therapy until one year following the completion of radiation therapy.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Losartan 25 milligram capsule
Other Intervention Name(s)
losartan potassium
Intervention Description
Losartan 25 milligram oral capsule
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Placebo
Intervention Description
Placebo 25 milligram oral capsule
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Fibrosis of the breast or reconstructed breast in irradiated breast cancer patients
Description
Fibrosis will be assessed by a radiation oncology provider using the Late Effects Normal Tissue Task Force (LENT)-Subjective, Objective, Management, Analytic (SOMA) (LENT-SOMA) scale. 0=Fibrosis absent, not detectable. 1=Fibrosis is Barely Palpable; 2=Definite increased density; 3=Very marked density, retraction and firmness and fixation
Time Frame
Baseline, 3-, 6-, 12- and 18- month follow up visits
Title
Radiographic lung fibrosis in the radiation field of irradiated breast cancer patients
Description
Radiographic lung fibrosis will be assessed with high resolution CT scans of the thorax. Thorax CT scans will be fused to the radiation planning CT scan for confirmation of the overlap of fibrosis with the radiation field.
Time Frame
Baseline, 3- and 12- month follow up visits
Title
Average levels of cellular senescence, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) serum biomarkers
Description
Cellular senescence, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) including TGF-β and inflammation will be quantified in the treatment and control group. A novel and expert approach to measure senescent cells in serum will be utilized.
Time Frame
Baseline, day of last radiation therapy fraction, 3- and 12- month follow up visits
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Change in breast volume
Description
Bilateral mammographic determination of breast volume will be calculated at routine follow-up intervals. Breast shrinkage associated with radiation-induced fibrosis will be assessed by monitoring the change in the breast volume of the treated breast from baseline to 18 months following completion of radiation therapy. Measurement of breast volume on both breasts will use breast height in centimeters (cm) (H), breast width in cm (W) and compression thickness in cm (C), from a craniocaudal projection. Volume in milliliters (mL) = (π/4) x H x W x C. Mammograms will also provide a distance measurement, in centimeters, on the nipple line from nipple to pectoralis muscle and a length measurement, in centimeters, from the superior to inferior margin that bisects the Posterior to Nipple Line (PNL) at a 90° angle.
Time Frame
Baseline, 6-, 12- and 18- month follow up visits
Title
Cosmesis
Description
Cosmesis will be assessed using a clinician assessment The Harvard Cosmesis Scale: 1=Excellent (Treated breast nearly identical to untreated breast); 2=Good (Treated breast slightly different from untreated breast); 3=Fair (Treated breast clearly different from untreated breast but not distorted); 4=Poor Treated breast seriously distorted.
Time Frame
Baseline, 3-, 6-, 12- and 18- month follow up visits
Title
Patient reported outcomes
Description
Self-reported participant quality of life will be assessed by Breast-Q Reconstruction Module. The Breast-Q, Version 2.0 tool was developed to assess participant's perception of clinical outcomes in both psychological and satisfaction domains will be used. Psychosocial Well-Being module: measures psychological well being Physical Well-Being Chest module: measures pain or tightness and difficulty with mobility Satisfaction with Breasts (Post-Op) module: satisfaction with breast size, how bras fit, and appearance in mirror clothed or unclothed, as well as how breasts feel when they are touched. Adverse Effects of Radiation module: measures physical changes such as soreness of skin.
Time Frame
Baseline, 3-, 6-, 12- and 18-month follow up visits
Title
Reoperation notation
Description
The participant's decision to have corrective surgery on either breast after radiation will be recorded at each time-point. Post-mastectomy patients will be considered to have been reoperated if corrective surgery occurred after permanent implant placement.
Time Frame
Anytime from completion of radiation therapy assessed at 6-, 12- and 18-month follow up visits

10. Eligibility

Sex
Female
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria Diagnosed with clinical or pathologic stage 0-IV invasive breast cancer to include ductal carcinoma in situ (Tis), primary tumor cannot be assessed (TX) and all other primary tumor stage categories (T1-T4) Has been treated with breast conserving surgery or mastectomy with reconstruction Is a candidate for unilateral post-surgery radiation therapy per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines Age ≥ 18 Female Laboratory values Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 x Upper Limit Normal (ULN) Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN Creatine ≤ 1.5 x ULN Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 Inclusion of Women and Minorities - Women of any race/ethnicity are eligible for this trial. Exclusion Criteria Recurrent breast cancer or history of prior breast radiation therapy Breast cancer requiring bilateral breast/chest wall radiation therapy Undergoing concurrent chemotherapy treatment Documented fall risk Active known or suspected systemic autoimmune disease (except for vitiligo, residual auto-immune hypothyroidism requiring hormone replacement only, psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment for two years, conditions not expected to recur in the absence of an external trigger) or any history of a systemic inflammatory arthritis such as psoriatic, rheumatoid, systemic lupus, ankylosing spondylitis or reactive arthritis Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to: Symptomatic congestive heart failure Unstable angina pectoris Kidney disease Uncontrolled diabetes Cystic fibrosis Fibromyalgia based on American College of Rheumatology criteria Concomitant use of: Losartan Other renin-angiotensin system (RAS) agent Agents to increase serum potassium Lithium Aliskiren for diabetes Having a known allergy to any active or inactive ingredient in Losartan Unable to tolerate oral medication Pregnant or breast-feeding or planning pregnancy for the year following radiation The presence of interstitial lung disease on baseline CT scan Patients with any medical condition, including findings in laboratory or medical history or in the baseline assessments, that (in the opinion of the Principal Clinical Investigator or his/her designee), constitutes a risk or contraindication for participation in the study or that could interfere with the study conduct, endpoint evaluation or prevent the subject from fully participating in all aspects of the study Individuals known to possess deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) gene mutations including: Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog (RAD21) C-to-T single-nucleotide polymorphism (C-509T) in the Transforming growth factor β-1 gene
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Katie Hess, Bachelors
Phone
(970) 485-7874
Ext
7874
Email
katherine.hess@vailhealth.org
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Paige Bordelon, MPH
Phone
(970) 569-7806
Email
paige.bordelon@vailhealth.org
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Patricia H Hardenbergh, MD
Organizational Affiliation
Medical Director
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Vail Health Shaw Cancer Center
City
Edwards
State/Province
Colorado
ZIP/Postal Code
81632
Country
United States
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Katie Hess, Bachelors
Phone
970-485-7874
Email
katherine.hess@vailhealth.org
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Paige Bordelon, MPH
Phone
(970) 569-7608
Email
paige.bordelon@vailhealth.org

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
No
IPD Sharing Plan Description
There is no plan to share individual participant data (IPD) with other researchers.
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18757193
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 18757193
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34618657
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 34618657
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30027292
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 30027292
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/876"
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 876"
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23000686
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 23000686
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24139518
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 24139518
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20413640
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 20413640
URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10096248
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 10096248
URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21617460
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 21617460
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34917620
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 34917620
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33252888
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 33252888
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24659129
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 24659129
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27501834
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 27501834
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34884782
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 34884782
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27881100
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 27881100
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33663521
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 33663521
URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29659447
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 29659447
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19644246
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 19644246
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33638038
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 33638038
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31965369
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 31965369
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30675702
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 30675702
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34268635
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 34268635
URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10584814
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 10584814
URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29308107
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 29308107
URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31616281
Description
link to pubmed abstract for this pmid 31616281
URL
https://gis.cdc.gov/Cancer/USCS/#/AtAGlance/
Description
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). United States Cancer Statistics: Data Visualizations. (2020)
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482286/
Description
Medicine, N. N. L. o. Breast Cancer (2022)
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https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/020386s062lbl.pdf
Description
FDA. HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION (2022)
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https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocoldevelopment/electronic_applications/ctc.htm
Description
Institute, N. N. C. Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) (2021)

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Losartan to Reduce Radiation Induced Fibrosis in Breast Cancer Patients

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