compare on CT-scan the change in mean %WA between arms
%WA = (wall area (mm2)/ (wall area (mm2) + lumen area (mm2)))×100) at bronchial levels likely to be affected.
Comparaison on CT-scan in the average percentage bronchia wall thickness index (%WT) at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
%WT = (wall thickness (mm) / airway diameter (mm))×100
Comparaison on CT-scan in the average percentage bronchia wall thickness index (%WT) at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
%WT = (wall thickness (mm) / airway diameter (mm))×100
compare on CT-scan the change in wall area at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
lumen area (mm²)
compare on CT-scan the change in lumen area at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
lumen area (mm²)
compare on CT-scan the change in ratio wall area (WA) / lumen area(LM) at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
WA/LA = WA(mm²)/LA(mm²)
compare on CT-scan the change in lumen diameter at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
lumen diameter (mm)
compare on CT-scan the change in lumen circularity at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
lumen circularity (4pi x area x perimeter-²)
Comparaison on CT-scan in the average percentage bronchial wall area(%WA) corrected by body surface area(BSA) at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
%WA/BSA = (wall area (mm²)/ (wall area (mm²) + lumen area (mm²))×100)/(0.007184 x weight (kg)^0.425 x height (cm) ^0.725)
Comparaison on CT-scan in the average percentage bronchial wall thickness (%WT) corrected by body surface area(BSA) at the B1 and B8 bronchi, generations 3, 4 and 5
%WT/BSA = ((wall thickness (mm) / airway diameter (mm))×100)/(0.007184 x weight (kg)^0.425 x height (cm) ^0.725)
Change in the expiratory to inspiration ratio of mean lung density (MLDe/i),
expiratory-to-inspiratory ratios of mean lung density (MLDe/i)
Quantitative computed tomography measurements to evaluate airflow obstruction
Mucus plugging score (MPS)
Change in Total small Airway Count (TAC)
Total small Airway Count (TAC) mesured with Quantitative computed tomography
Change in Total small Airway Count (TAC)
Total small Airway Count (TAC) mesured with Quantitative computed tomography
Change in Lund Mackay score
Each sinus group (maxillary, anterior ethmoids, posterior ethmoids, sphenoid, frontal, ostiomeatal complex) is graded between 0 and 2 (0: no abnormality; 1: partial opacification; 2: total opacification). The ostiomeatal complex is scored as "0" (not obstructed) or "2" (obstructed). A total score of 0-24 is possible, and each side can be considered separately (0-12)
Change in Lund Mackay score
Each sinus group (maxillary, anterior ethmoids, posterior ethmoids, sphenoid, frontal, ostiomeatal complex) is graded between 0 and 2 (0: no abnormality; 1: partial opacification; 2: total opacification). The ostiomeatal complex is scored as "0" (not obstructed) or "2" (obstructed). A total score of 0-24 is possible, and each side can be considered separately (0-12)
Change in Presence/absence of nasal polyposis
Nasal brushing
Change in Presence/absence of nasal polyposis
Nasal brushing
Change in Annualized exacerbation rates
The patient journal will cover exacerbations and hospitalizations.Exacerbations will be further characterized according to severity as defined by GINA. Episode data (hospitalizations, and exacerbations) will be characterized by their beginning and end dates; These data will be used to estimate annualized exacerbation rates.
Change in Days alive and not exacerbating
The patient journal will cover exacerbations and hospitalizations. Exacerbations will be further characterized according to severity as defined by GINA. Episode data (hospitalizations, and exacerbations) will be characterized by their beginning and end dates; These data will be used to estimate days alive and not exacerbating.
Change in Days alive and not hospitalized
The patient journal will cover exacerbations and hospitalizations. Episode data (hospitalizations, and exacerbations) will be characterized by their beginning and end dates; These data will be used to estimate days alive and not hospitalized (total, and for each GINA type of exacerbation).
Change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second
Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry (FEV1; litres and percent predicted)
Change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second
Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry (FEV1; litres and percent predicted)
Change in forced vital capacity
Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry (FVC; litres and percent predicted)
Change in forced vital capacity
Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry (FVC; litres and percent predicted)
Change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second / forced vital capacity Ratio
Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry ( FEV1/FVC ratio (litres/litres)))
Change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second / forced vital capacity Ratio
Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry ( FEV1/FVC ratio (litres/litres)))
Change in total lung capacity
Pre-bronchodilator plethysmography (TLC(total lung capacity ); litres and percent predicted)
Change in total lung capacity
Pre-bronchodilator plethysmography (TLC(total lung capacity ); litres and percent predicted)
Change in residual volume
Pre-bronchodilator plethysmography (RV (residual volume ); litres and percent predicted)
Change in residual volume
Pre-bronchodilator plethysmography (RV (residual volume ); litres and percent predicted)
Change in total lung capacity (TLC)/ residual volume(RV) ratio
Pre-bronchodilator plethysmography : total lung capacity (TLC)/ residual volume(RV) ratio (litres/litres)
Change in total lung capacity (TLC)/ residual volume(RV) ratio
Pre-bronchodilator plethysmography : total lung capacity (TLC)/ residual volume(RV) ratio (litres/litres)
Change in mean ACQ (Asthma Control Questionnaire)-6 score
The ACQ6 is a shortened version of the ACQ((Asthma Control Questionnaire) that assesses asthma symptoms (night-time waking, symptoms on waking, activity limitation, shortness of breath, wheezing, and SABA use) omitting the FEV1 measurement from the original ACQ score.
Patients are asked to recall how their asthma has been during the previous week by responding to one bronchodilator use question and 5 symptom questions.
Questions are weighted equally and scored from 0 (totally controlled) to 6 (severely uncontrolled). The mean ACQ-6 score is the mean of the responses. Mean scores of ≤0.75 indicate well-controlled asthma, scores between 0.75 and <1.5 indicate partly controlled asthma, and a score ≥1.5 indicates not well controlled asthma (Juniper et al. 2006). Individual changes of at least 0.5 are considered to be clinically meaningful.
Change in mean ACQ (Asthma Control Questionnaire)-6 score
The ACQ6 is a shortened version of the ACQ((Asthma Control Questionnaire) that assesses asthma symptoms (night-time waking, symptoms on waking, activity limitation, shortness of breath, wheezing, and SABA use) omitting the FEV1 measurement from the original ACQ score.
Patients are asked to recall how their asthma has been during the previous week by responding to one bronchodilator use question and 5 symptom questions.
Questions are weighted equally and scored from 0 (totally controlled) to 6 (severely uncontrolled). The mean ACQ-6 score is the mean of the responses. Mean scores of ≤0.75 indicate well-controlled asthma, scores between 0.75 and <1.5 indicate partly controlled asthma, and a score ≥1.5 indicates not well controlled asthma (Juniper et al. 2006). Individual changes of at least 0.5 are considered to be clinically meaningful.
Change in Breathlessness, Cough and Sputum Scale (BCSS)
The Breathlessness, Cough and Sputum Scale (BCSS) has undergone a vigorous validation process and is designed to assess patients' daily respiratory symptoms. Symptoms are evaluated on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. A mean change in BCSS total score > 1.0 represents substantial symptomatic improvement, changes of approximately 0.6 can be interpreted as moderate, and changes of 0.3 can be considered small (DeVries et al. 2016; Leidy et al. 2003).
Change in Breathlessness, Cough and Sputum Scale (BCSS)
The Breathlessness, Cough and Sputum Scale (BCSS) has undergone a vigorous validation process and is designed to assess patients' daily respiratory symptoms. Symptoms are evaluated on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. A mean change in BCSS total score > 1.0 represents substantial symptomatic improvement, changes of approximately 0.6 can be interpreted as moderate, and changes of 0.3 can be considered small (DeVries et al. 2016; Leidy et al. 2003).
Change in Sino Nasal Outcome Test 22
The SNOT-22 is a further modification of the SNOT-20 (Piccirillo et al. 2002), where the scoring has been simplified by removing the importance rating. In addition to the normal 20-item version of the SNOT, 2 additional items were measured, nasal blockage, and loss of sense of taste and smell. The 22-question SNOT-22 is scored as 0 (no problem) to 5 (problem as bad as it can be) with a total range from 0 to 110 (higher scores indicate poorer outcomes); a MCID of 8.90 has been established.
Change in Sino Nasal Outcome Test 22
The SNOT-22 is a further modification of the SNOT-20 (Piccirillo et al. 2002), where the scoring has been simplified by removing the importance rating. In addition to the normal 20-item version of the SNOT, 2 additional items were measured, nasal blockage, and loss of sense of taste and smell. The 22-question SNOT-22 is scored as 0 (no problem) to 5 (problem as bad as it can be) with a total range from 0 to 110 (higher scores indicate poorer outcomes); a MCID of 8.90 has been established.
Change in St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)
The SGRQ is a 50-item patient-reported instrument developed to measure the health status of patients with obstructive airway diseases. The questionnaire is divided into 2 parts: part 1 consists of 8 items pertaining to the severity of respiratory symptoms in the preceding 4 weeks; part 2 consists of 42 items related to the daily activity and psychosocial impacts of the individual's respiratory condition.
The total score indicates the impact of disease on overall health status. This total score is expressed as a percentage of overall impairment, in which 100 represents the worst possible health status and 0 indicates the best possible health status.
Change in St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)
The SGRQ is a 50-item patient-reported instrument developed to measure the health status of patients with obstructive airway diseases. The questionnaire is divided into 2 parts: part 1 consists of 8 items pertaining to the severity of respiratory symptoms in the preceding 4 weeks; part 2 consists of 42 items related to the daily activity and psychosocial impacts of the individual's respiratory condition.
The total score indicates the impact of disease on overall health status. This total score is expressed as a percentage of overall impairment, in which 100 represents the worst possible health status and 0 indicates the best possible health status.
Change in ECRHS III Main Questionnaire
The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) III Main questionnaire is a survey used to track changing respiratory situations within the general population for epidemiological purposes. The questionnaire is composed of 32 pages and 105 questions. For the purposes of the present study, only the questions 21-28 will be used. Each selected question will be used as a stand-alone variable.
The advantage of using these questions is that study distributions and longitudinal change in results can be compared to previously published epidemiological results for the general population
Change in ECRHS III Main Questionnaire
The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) III Main questionnaire is a survey used to track changing respiratory situations within the general population for epidemiological purposes. The questionnaire is composed of 32 pages and 105 questions. For the purposes of the present study, only the questions 21-28 will be used. Each selected question will be used as a stand-alone variable.
The advantage of using these questions is that study distributions and longitudinal change in results can be compared to previously published epidemiological results for the general population
Changes in serum Club cell secretory protein (CCSP)
Changes in serum Club cell secretory protein (CCSP), an emerging blood marker associated with pulmonary function and cellular cross-talk
Changes in serum Club cell secretory protein (CCSP)
Changes in serum Club cell secretory protein (CCSP), an emerging blood marker associated with pulmonary function and cellular cross-talk
Number of adverse event between arms