The Danish Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Study (DANOHCA)
Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest focused on measuring Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Inflammation, Cerebral perfusion, Sedation, Delirium
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Age ≥18 years OHCA of presumed cardiac cause Sustained ROSC, defined as persistent signs of circulation and no need for chest compressions or mechanical circulatory support for 20 minutes Unconsciousness (GCS <9) (patients not able to obey verbal commands) after sustained ROSC at the time of randomization Exclusion Criteria: Females of childbearing potential if pregnancy is suspected (unless a negative HCG test can rule out pregnancy within the inclusion window) Known bleeding diathesis (medically induced coagulopathy (e.g. warfarin, NOAC, clopidogrel) does not exclude the patient) Suspected or confirmed acute intracranial bleeding Suspected or confirmed acute stroke Unwitnessed asystole Known limitations in therapy and Do Not Resuscitate-order Known disease making 180 days survival unlikely Known pre-arrest CPC 3 or 4 functional status >3 hours (180 minutes) from ROSC to screening Systolic blood pressure <80 mm Hg despite fluid loading/vasopressor and/or inotropic medication (If the systolic blood pressure is recovering during the inclusion window of 180 minutes the patient may be included) Use of intra-aortic balloon pump/axial flow device/ECMO (If the patient is weaned and the device is removed during the inclusion window of 180 minutes the patient may be included) Temperature on admission <30°C Known allergy for dexamethasone or olanzapine Ongoing (within 48 h) treatment with olanzapine or dexamethasone Known back or hip condition that precluded the patients from being positioned with backrest from 0 to 45-degree angle Known or suspected Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) Known active fungal disease. Localized skin lesions do not exclude patients from inclusion Estimated body weight <45kg
Sites / Locations
- Dept. of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletRecruiting
- The Department of Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, AalborgRecruiting
- The Department of Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, AarhusRecruiting
- The Department of Intensive Care, Gentofte University Hospital, Gentofte
- The Department of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesiology, Odense University Hospital, OdenseRecruiting
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Arm 5
Arm 6
Arm 7
Arm 8
Experimental
Placebo Comparator
Experimental
Active Comparator
Experimental
Active Comparator
Experimental
Placebo Comparator
Dexamethasone intervention, active
Dexamethasone intervention, placebo
Backrest elevation intervention, elevation to 35 degrees
Backrest elevation intervention, elevation to 5 degrees
Early wake-up intervention, wake-up ≤6 hours after ICU admission
Early wake-up intervention, wake-up 28-36 hours after ICU admission
Olanzapine intervention, active
Olanzapine intervention, placebo
As soon as possible after hospital admittance 20 mg of dexamethasonephosphate (Dexavit, Vital Pharma Nordic ApS, Denmark) will be given intravenously (i.v.) over 15 minutes - followed by 20 mg dexamethasonephosphate (or placebo) i.v. administered daily at 0600 (or at least 8 hours after initial dose) for two days, for a total of 3 doses. For this arm the dexamethasonephosphate solution is provided in the "DANOHCA trial kit" in the form of Dexavit at a concentration of 4mg/mL stored in glass vials of 5mL; three vials are provided in total.
As soon as possible after hospital admittance placebo (isotonic saline) will be given intravenously (i.v.) over 15 minutes - followed by placebo solution administered i.v. daily at 0600 (or at least 8 hours after initial dose) for two days, for a total of 3 doses. For this arm the placebo solution is provided in the "DANOHCA trial kit" in the form of isotonic sodium chloride stored in glass vials of 5mL; three vials are provided in total.
As soon as possible after hospital admittance the patients will have their headrest positioned at 35 degrees straight elevation of backrest in Semi-Fowler's position (elevated lower limp position). This position will be maintained during the initial 72 hours or until extubated. Adherence to assigned stratum will be checked every 8 hours and cuff pressure will be assessed and corrected if needed at the same time during the intervention period. The backrest position intervention may be temporarily canceled by the treating physician if needed for procedures or mobilization but will return to the assigned position if invasive ventilator treatment with orotracheal intubation is continued. The intervention will be terminated if the patient is extubated, or a tracheostomy is performed, during the intervention period of 72 hours.
As soon as possible after hospital admittance the patients will have their headrest positioned at 5 degrees straight elevation of backrest in Semi-Fowler's position. This position will be maintained during the initial 72 hours or until extubated. Adherence to assigned stratum will be checked every 8 hours and cuff pressure will be assessed and corrected if needed at the same time during the intervention period. The backrest position intervention may be temporarily canceled by the treating physician if needed for procedures or mobilization but will return to the assigned position if invasive ventilator treatment with orotracheal intubation is continued. The intervention will be terminated if the patient is extubated, or a tracheostomy is performed, during the intervention period of 72 hours.
Patients will be subjected to a wakeup call and potential extubation after ≤6 hours after admission to the ICU. Definition for "ready for extubation" will be: GCS≥12, RASS 0- -1, able to raise arm or voluntary hand shake on command, spontaneous breathing trial and low ventilator settings (pressure support≤14, PEEP≤8 (10 if obese), and FiO2≤40%). A wakeup call may be aborted for the following reasons: seizures, respiratory distress, shock, or "other cause" with specification. Sedation prior to the scheduled wakeup calls is permitted in this early wakeup call group as needed for clinical care, while it is mandatory for the late wakeup call group. For both groups sedation as needed for clinical care will be permitted after the scheduled wakeup calls. For this arm, information on the assigned time for wakeup call is provided in the "DANOHCA trial kit". The assigned time for wakeup will be noted in the electronic patient file.
Patients will be subjected to a wakeup call and potential extubation after 28-36 hours after admission to the ICU. Definition for "ready for extubation" will be: GCS≥12, RASS 0- -1, able to raise arm or voluntary hand shake on command, spontaneous breathing trial and low ventilator settings (pressure support≤14, PEEP≤8 (10 if obese), and FiO2≤40%). A wakeup call may be aborted for the following reasons: seizures, respiratory distress, shock, or "other cause" with specification. Sedation prior to the scheduled wakeup calls is mandatory for this late wakeup call group. For both groups sedation as needed for clinical care will be permitted after the scheduled wakeup calls. For this arm, information on the assigned time for wakeup call is provided in the "DANOHCA trial kit". The assigned time for wakeup will be noted in the electronic patient file.
As soon as possible after arriving at the ICU olanzapine 10mg (dissolved tablet) is administered by feeding tube. Thereafter 10 mg olanzapine is administered by feeding tube (or orally in awake patients) the following two evenings at 1800 (with a minimum of 12 hours between the initial doses) for a total of 3 doses. Due to the potential QT-prolonging effect, and concern for arrythmia, patients will be excluded prior to randomization if Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is suspected, and telemetry of heart rhythm is mandatory for 96 hours or until life sustaining therapies are withdrawn. In case of delirium patients are treated according to standard care most often including dexmedetomidine, haloperidol or midazolam. For this arm the olanzapine tablets are provided in the "DANOHCA trial kit" in the form of olanzapin 10mg tablets (Accord Healthcare B.V., The Netherlands); three tablets are provided in total. Prior to administration by feeding tube the tablets are dissolved in water.
As soon as possible after arriving at the ICU a placebo tablet (dissolved) is administered by feeding tube. Thereafter placebo will be administered by feeding tube (or orally in awake patients) the following two evenings at 1800 (with a minimum of 12 hours between the initial doses) for a total of 3 doses. Due to the potential QT-prolonging effect of olanzapine, and accompanying concern for arrythmia, patients will be excluded prior to randomization if LQTS is suspected, and telemetry of heart rhythm is mandatory for 96 hours or until life sustaining therapies are withdrawn. In case of delirium patients are treated according to standard care most often including dexmedetomidine, haloperidol or midazolam. For this arm the placebo tablets are provided in the "DANOHCA trial kit" in the form of placebo tablets manufactured by the Pharmacy of the Capital Region; three tablets are provided in total. Prior to administration by feeding tube the tablets are dissolved in water.