Effect of Iodine-containing Multiple Micronutrient During Lactation on Infant Neurodevelopment

Effect of Maternal Supplementation With an Iodine-containing Multiple Micronutrient During Lactation on Infant Iodine Status, Thyroid Function and Neurodevelopment

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the effects of iodine-containing multiple micronutrient supplements provided to breastfeeding mothers who live in settings with mild iodine deficiency. The main questions it aims to answer are: What are the effects of iodine-containing multiple micronutrient supplements provided to breastfeeding mothers on infant development, as measured by electroencephalography/visual evoked potentials? What are the effects of iodine-containing multiple micronutrient supplements on breast milk concentrations of iodine, and infant iodine and thyroid status? How do iodine and iron interact with each other to affect thyroid function in the mother during pregnancy and lactation? Participants will be randomized to receive a daily iodine-containing multiple micronutrient tablet for 6 months after birth, or routine care. Mothers will provide a breast milk sample and drop of blood at 1 and 6 months. Infants will provide a urine sample and drop of blood at 1 and 6 months of age, and a developmental assessment including an Electroencephalogram at 6 months of age. Researchers will compare the groups that received the iodine-containing micronutrient supplement with the group that received routine care and see if there were any benefits on infant development and iodine and thyroid status in the mother and baby.

Inclusion Criteria: Intention to breast feed at least 3 months Birth weight >2000g Exclusion Criteria: Intention to primarily feed by alternative sources (formula, animal milk) Multiple pregnancy Major congenital anomalies Infants with severe morbidity or developmental disorder Mother with HIV or chronic renal disease Plan to move out of study catchment area Does not agree to follow up or EEG/VEP