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VTE Prevention With Rivaroxaban in Genitourinary Cancer Patients Receiving Systemic Therapy (PREVENT-GU)

Primary Purpose

Venous Thromboembolism, Urologic Cancer

Status
Not yet recruiting
Phase
Phase 2
Locations
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Rivaroxaban 10 MG
Placebo control
Sponsored by
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for Venous Thromboembolism focused on measuring Genitourinary Cancer, Venous Thromboembolism, Systemic Therapy, Thromboprophylaxis

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria: Patients who are starting systemic therapy for active GU cancer (bladder, testis, ureter/renal pelvis, kidney, urethral, penile) except for prostate cancer. Age ≥ 18 Eligible systemic therapies include chemotherapy, targeted therapies (tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antiangiogenic therapy), and immunotherapies. Patients must be initiating systemic therapy with a minimum planned treatment duration of 8 weeks. Exclusion Criteria: Anticoagulation (prophylactic or therapeutic dosing) required for another indication for entire duration of study Known allergies to rivaroxaban Concomitant use of dual antiplatelet therapy (two antiplatelet medications oncomitantly) Ongoing refractory bleeding that may be exacerbated by rivaroxaban. Concomitant use of strong inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4 or glycoprotein-P (known interaction with rivaroxaban). Severe renal insufficiency (Creatinine clearance <30 mL/min (defined by Cockcroft-Gault)) Severe liver disease (e.g. acute clinical hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis) Thrombocytopenia < 50 x 109/L Life expectancy under 6 months. Pregnancy (if child bearing age under 50 and sexually active, documentation of use of effective contraception or negative B- HCG is required) Patient is breastfeeding or lactating History of condition at increased bleeding risk including, but not limited to: cerebral infarction (hemorrhagic or ischemic), active peptic ulcer disease with recent bleeding, spontaneous or acquired impairment of hemostasis in the previous 4 weeks. Chronic hemorrhagic disorder Inability to adhere to protocol or obtain consent. Patients may be excluded from the study for other reasons, at the investigator's discretion.

Sites / Locations

    Arms of the Study

    Arm 1

    Arm 2

    Arm Type

    Experimental

    Placebo Comparator

    Arm Label

    Rivaroxaban

    Control

    Arm Description

    Participants receiving study drug (Rivaroxaban)

    Participants receiving matched placebo

    Outcomes

    Primary Outcome Measures

    Feasibility of enrollment, assesed by the number of patients accrued per month
    The primary outcome of this Pilot Trial is feasibility of enrollment. Feasibility will be measured by the average number of patients accrued per month.

    Secondary Outcome Measures

    Adherence to the study intervention, assessed as the proportion of patients taking the study medication >80% of days taken during the study period,
    This outcome will measure patient adherence to the study intervention (defined as >80% of medication taken during the study intervention period). This will be assessed using pill counts during study follow-ups.
    Recruitment rate
    Number of participants recruited per month at each study site
    VTE incidence
    VTE will be recorded and adjudicated similarly to the full trial. Outcomes will be examined in aggregate to ascertain an estimate of baseline risk for patients in the trial. VTE outcomes will NOT be examined or reported by allocation group in the Pilot so all patients can be included in Full Trial analyses (internal pilot design).
    Bleeding incidence
    Bleeding outcomes (major and minor) will be recorded and adjudicated similarly to the full trial. Outcomes will be examined in aggregate to ascertain an estimate of baseline risk for patients in the trial. Bleeding outcomes will NOT be examined or reported by allocation group in the Pilot so all patients can be included in Full Trial analyses (internal pilot design).

    Full Information

    First Posted
    June 8, 2023
    Last Updated
    August 13, 2023
    Sponsor
    Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
    Collaborators
    Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Canadian Venous Thromboembolism Clinical Trials and Outcomes Research (CanVECTOR) Network, Kidney Cancer Research Network of Canada
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    1. Study Identification

    Unique Protocol Identification Number
    NCT05920343
    Brief Title
    VTE Prevention With Rivaroxaban in Genitourinary Cancer Patients Receiving Systemic Therapy
    Acronym
    PREVENT-GU
    Official Title
    Prevention of Thromboembolism With Rivaroxaban in Genitourinary Cancer Patients Receiving Systemic Therapy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
    Study Type
    Interventional

    2. Study Status

    Record Verification Date
    June 2023
    Overall Recruitment Status
    Not yet recruiting
    Study Start Date
    September 2023 (Anticipated)
    Primary Completion Date
    September 2025 (Anticipated)
    Study Completion Date
    September 2025 (Anticipated)

    3. Sponsor/Collaborators

    Responsible Party, by Official Title
    Sponsor
    Name of the Sponsor
    Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
    Collaborators
    Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Canadian Venous Thromboembolism Clinical Trials and Outcomes Research (CanVECTOR) Network, Kidney Cancer Research Network of Canada

    4. Oversight

    Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
    No
    Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
    No
    Product Manufactured in and Exported from the U.S.
    No
    Data Monitoring Committee
    Yes

    5. Study Description

    Brief Summary
    Patients with genitourinary cancers (ex: bladder, testicular, kidney) are at high risk of developing blood clots if they receive systemic therapy (ex: chemotherapy, immunotherapy). Blood clots cause pain, may require hospitalization and invasive testing, and in some cases cause death. In fact, blood clots are one of the leading causes of death in patients with cancer. Furthermore, patients who develop a blood clot require medication to thin the blood for a prolonged (sometimes indefinite) period of time, and this can disrupt other important cancer treatments. Studies have shown that using low dose blood thinners to prevent blood clots during systemic therapy is effective in some patients with cancer. However very few patients in these studies had genitourinary cancers, therefore physicians in Canada are not sure if recommending blood thinners to patients with genitourinary cancers is useful or safe. Safety is a primary concern because blood thinners may cause bleeding, and patients with genitourinary cancers may have higher risk of bleeding than patients with other types of cancer. The investigators hypothesize that blood thinners are effective and safe for reducing blood clots in patients with genitourinary cancers. The objective of this study is to determine if a large clinical trial testing the effectiveness and safety of low dose blood thinners for preventing blood clots in patients with genitourinary cancers receiving systemic therapy is feasible.
    Detailed Description
    Background and Importance: Patients with cancer receiving systemic therapy are at high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thromboprophylaxis with antiocoagulants reduces VTEs during chemotherapy by 60%. Despite this, thromboprophylaxis is not routinely used in Canada for patients with genitourinary (GU) malignancies (bladder, testis, kidney). Reasons prophylaxis is not used are that very few GU patients were included in landmark trials evaluating DOACs, and because GU patients may be at higher risk of bleeding compared to non-GU cancer patients. The omission of GU patients from prior trials has created an important gap in knowledge because these patients have among the highest risk of VTE of all cancer patients. Prior studies have reported VTE rates during chemotherapy for bladder and testis cancer in the range of 10-15%, well above thresholds at which guidelines usually recommend thromboprophylaxis. Hypotheses: The investigators hypothesize that thromboprophylaxis with a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) during systemic therapy for GU malignancies will reduce the risk of VTE with acceptable risk of major bleeding. Secondly, the investigators hypothesize that a randomized trial of thromboprophylaxis versus placebo in GU patients is feasible and needed to change care in Canada. Research goals: The goal of this pilot study is to determine if a randomized control trial of thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban versus placebo in GU patients receiving systemic therapy is feasible. Methods: This internal pilot feasibility study will randomize patients with GU malignancies receiving systemic therapy (patients) to rivaroxaban 10mg daily (intervention) versus placebo (control). The primary outcome of this internal pilot study will be feasibility of patient accrual. Feasibility will be reported as the average number of patients enrolled per month. Secondary outcomes will be time to trial initiation, number of patients enrolled per site, and proportion of patients who complete the intervention. If feasibility is confirmed, patients enrolled in the pilot will be included in the full trial using a vanguard design. The primary outcome(s) of the full trial will be VTE (efficacy outcome) and major bleeding (safety outcome) during the intervention. Patient reported outcomes including quality of life will also be recorded. Expected outcomes: While thromboprophylaxis is effective in cancer patients, medical guidelines only recommend prophylaxis for some patients due to limited evidence in disease-specific subgroups. Importantly, safety concerns in GU patients are a particular concern necessitating further study of this population. The investigators expect the results of this internal pilot study to prove feasibility of a full trial. The full trial will determine the net benefits/harms of prophylaxis in GU patients and change practice worldwide, regardless of the results.

    6. Conditions and Keywords

    Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
    Venous Thromboembolism, Urologic Cancer
    Keywords
    Genitourinary Cancer, Venous Thromboembolism, Systemic Therapy, Thromboprophylaxis

    7. Study Design

    Primary Purpose
    Prevention
    Study Phase
    Phase 2, Phase 3
    Interventional Study Model
    Parallel Assignment
    Masking
    ParticipantCare ProviderInvestigator
    Masking Description
    Double-blind placebo-controlled study
    Allocation
    Randomized
    Enrollment
    120 (Anticipated)

    8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

    Arm Title
    Rivaroxaban
    Arm Type
    Experimental
    Arm Description
    Participants receiving study drug (Rivaroxaban)
    Arm Title
    Control
    Arm Type
    Placebo Comparator
    Arm Description
    Participants receiving matched placebo
    Intervention Type
    Drug
    Intervention Name(s)
    Rivaroxaban 10 MG
    Other Intervention Name(s)
    Xarelto
    Intervention Description
    The intervention in the experimental arm will be rivaroxaban, 10 mg PO once daily (prophylactic dosing) for 180 days after the start of systemic therapy or until one of the primary study outcomes occurs (VTE or major bleeding).
    Intervention Type
    Other
    Intervention Name(s)
    Placebo control
    Intervention Description
    Identical to Rivaroxaban intervention except participants will receive a matched placebo instead of the study drug
    Primary Outcome Measure Information:
    Title
    Feasibility of enrollment, assesed by the number of patients accrued per month
    Description
    The primary outcome of this Pilot Trial is feasibility of enrollment. Feasibility will be measured by the average number of patients accrued per month.
    Time Frame
    Enrollment
    Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
    Title
    Adherence to the study intervention, assessed as the proportion of patients taking the study medication >80% of days taken during the study period,
    Description
    This outcome will measure patient adherence to the study intervention (defined as >80% of medication taken during the study intervention period). This will be assessed using pill counts during study follow-ups.
    Time Frame
    During 180 days of study intervention
    Title
    Recruitment rate
    Description
    Number of participants recruited per month at each study site
    Time Frame
    Enrollment
    Title
    VTE incidence
    Description
    VTE will be recorded and adjudicated similarly to the full trial. Outcomes will be examined in aggregate to ascertain an estimate of baseline risk for patients in the trial. VTE outcomes will NOT be examined or reported by allocation group in the Pilot so all patients can be included in Full Trial analyses (internal pilot design).
    Time Frame
    During 180 days of study intervention
    Title
    Bleeding incidence
    Description
    Bleeding outcomes (major and minor) will be recorded and adjudicated similarly to the full trial. Outcomes will be examined in aggregate to ascertain an estimate of baseline risk for patients in the trial. Bleeding outcomes will NOT be examined or reported by allocation group in the Pilot so all patients can be included in Full Trial analyses (internal pilot design).
    Time Frame
    During 180 days of study intervention
    Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures:
    Title
    VTE-related death
    Description
    VTE-related death will be collected during the pilot but will not be analyzed until the full trial. VTE-related death will assess the frequency of deaths among participants directly related to a VTE event.
    Time Frame
    During 180 days of study intervention
    Title
    Overall survival
    Description
    Overall survival will be collected during the pilot but will not be analyzed until the full trial. Overall survival will assess the frequency with which participants die by any cause during the intervention.
    Time Frame
    During 180 days of study intervention
    Title
    Health-related Quality of Life assessed using the EQ-5D-5L Score
    Description
    Health-related Quality of Life will be collected during the pilot but will not be analyzed until the full trial. Health-related Quality of Life will be assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. EQ-5D-5L contains two scores: The VAS ranges from 0-100 and represents a patient's sense of their overall health. Higher VAS scores represent a better outcome. The second measure is the EQ-5D-5L index which ranges from 0-1 (scores are reported with three decimal points) and shows quality of life along 5 dimensions which are weighted based on regional values in the final index score. Higher index scores represent a better outcome
    Time Frame
    During 180 days of study intervention
    Title
    Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio
    Description
    Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio will be collected during the pilot but will not be analyzed until the full trial. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio will take the form of a cost utility analysis with outcome expressed as incremental cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained.
    Time Frame
    During 180 days of study intervention

    10. Eligibility

    Sex
    All
    Minimum Age & Unit of Time
    18 Years
    Accepts Healthy Volunteers
    No
    Eligibility Criteria
    Inclusion Criteria: Patients who are starting systemic therapy for active GU cancer (bladder, testis, ureter/renal pelvis, kidney, urethral, penile) except for prostate cancer. Age ≥ 18 Eligible systemic therapies include chemotherapy, targeted therapies (tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antiangiogenic therapy), and immunotherapies. Patients must be initiating systemic therapy with a minimum planned treatment duration of 8 weeks. Exclusion Criteria: Anticoagulation (prophylactic or therapeutic dosing) required for another indication for entire duration of study Known allergies to rivaroxaban Concomitant use of dual antiplatelet therapy (two antiplatelet medications oncomitantly) Ongoing refractory bleeding that may be exacerbated by rivaroxaban. Concomitant use of strong inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4 or glycoprotein-P (known interaction with rivaroxaban). Severe renal insufficiency (Creatinine clearance <30 mL/min (defined by Cockcroft-Gault)) Severe liver disease (e.g. acute clinical hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis) Thrombocytopenia < 50 x 109/L Life expectancy under 6 months. Pregnancy (if child bearing age under 50 and sexually active, documentation of use of effective contraception or negative B- HCG is required) Patient is breastfeeding or lactating History of condition at increased bleeding risk including, but not limited to: cerebral infarction (hemorrhagic or ischemic), active peptic ulcer disease with recent bleeding, spontaneous or acquired impairment of hemostasis in the previous 4 weeks. Chronic hemorrhagic disorder Inability to adhere to protocol or obtain consent. Patients may be excluded from the study for other reasons, at the investigator's discretion.
    Central Contact Person:
    First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
    Luke T Lavallee, MDCM MSc FRCSC
    Phone
    613-737-8899
    Ext
    71393
    Email
    lulavallee@toh.ca
    First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
    David J Yachnin, MSc
    Phone
    613-798-5555
    Ext
    74639
    Email
    dyachnin@toh.ca
    Overall Study Officials:
    First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
    Luke T Lavallee, MDCM MSc FRCSC
    Organizational Affiliation
    Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
    Official's Role
    Principal Investigator

    12. IPD Sharing Statement

    Plan to Share IPD
    No
    IPD Sharing Plan Description
    No plan to share individual participant data with other researchers.

    Learn more about this trial

    VTE Prevention With Rivaroxaban in Genitourinary Cancer Patients Receiving Systemic Therapy

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