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Efficacy of rTMS as an Adjunct to AI Enabled Remedial Intervention in Children With Dyslexia

Primary Purpose

Dyslexia, Specific Learning Disability, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Status
Recruiting
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
India
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (Hf rTMS)
Sponsored by
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Dyslexia focused on measuring Dyslexia, SLD, TMS, Hf rTMS

Eligibility Criteria

6 Years - 18 Years (Child, Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria: Indian school going children aged 6-18 years having specific learning disorder (SLD) with dyslexia diagnosed by DSM-5 criteria English as one of the languages in school Parents willing for the study Exclusion Criteria: Parents not willing to participate or follow up at desired frequency of study Child who has already received or is on remedial intervention within last 12 weeks provided by Child Psychologist/ Clinician/Psychiatrist Children who participated in a completed DM dissertation on remedial program in SLD Child already on any psychotropic medications Neurological or psychiatric disorder other than comorbid disorders of SLD Uncontrolled epilepsy as defined by seizure frequency >1/month for preceding 3 months Severe concurrent illness or disease or unstable medical conditions Any contraindications for MRI like presence of pacemaker, metallic implant Any contraindications for TMS like Implanted electronic device and non-removable metallic objects near coil e.g. pacemaker, cochlear implant; presence of ferromagnetic metal in the head outside the mouth; on medication lowering seizure threshold.

Sites / Locations

  • All India Institute of Medical SciencesRecruiting

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm Type

Experimental

Arm Label

High frequency repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Arm Description

Children who have given consent for the study and are fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be enrolled and given Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as per protocol as described below over 12 week along with AI based remedial intervention. TMS protocol - 5 Hz High frequency rTMS, at 100% RMT, 60 pulses per train, total 10 trains , gap between 2 consecutive trains of 30 sec, at left IPL and left STG localised using 10-20 EEG based system at P3 and P5 respectively , using figure of 8 coil 1st cycle of 10 sessions over 10 consecutive days, 2nd cycle of 5 sessions over 5 consecutive days , 3rd cycle for 5 sessions over 5 consecutive days ; gap of 6 weeks between 2 consecutive cycles Total 3 cycles per patient

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Improvement in reading abilities of the participants as assessed by CTOPP-2 scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline.
Difference in mean of CTOPP-2 scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline. CTOPP-2 - Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition -tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Improvement in reading abilities of the participants as assessed by GLAD scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline.
Difference in mean of GLAD scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline. GLAD - Grade level Assessment Device Tool The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Improvement in reading abilities of the participants as assessed by WRAT-5 scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline.
Difference in mean of WRAT5 scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline. WRAT-5 - Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Improvement in reading abilities of the intervention group (who received Hf-rTMS with AI based remedial intervention) as assessed by CTOPP-2 scores at 6 weeks as compared to controls (who received only AI based remedial intervention).
Difference in mean of change in CTOPP-2 scores at 6 weeks between the intervention group and the retrospective data of controls CTOPP-2 - Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Improvement in reading abilities of the intervention group (who received Hf-rTMS with AI based remedial intervention) as assessed by GLAD scores at 6 weeks as compared to controls (who received only AI based remedial intervention).
Difference in mean of change in GLAD scores at 6 weeks between the intervention group and the retrospective data of controls GLAD - Grade level Assessment Device Tool The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Improvement in reading abilities of the intervention group (who received Hf-rTMS with AI based remedial intervention) as assessed by WRAT5 scores at 6 weeks as compared to controls (who received only AI based remedial intervention).
Difference in mean of change in WRAT5 scores at 6 weeks between the intervention group and the retrospective data of controls WRAT-5 - Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.

Secondary Outcome Measures

To compare the domain wise change CTOPP-2 scores of participants pre and post intervention
Difference in mean of Domain wise CTOPP2 score at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline CTOPP-2 - Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition - details of the tools have been described in the study description section above.
To compare the domain wise change WRAT-5 scores of participants pre and post intervention
Difference in mean of Domain wise WRAT-5 score at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline WRAT-5 - Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition - details of the tools have been described in the study description section above
To evaluate the persistence of effect of Hf rTMS in children with dyslexia at 24 weeks as assessed by WRAT5 scores
Difference in mean of WRAT-5 scores at 24 weeks from 12 weeks and from baseline WRAT-5 - Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
To evaluate the persistence of effect of Hf rTMS in children with dyslexia at 24 weeks as assessed by GLAD scores
Difference in mean of GLAD scores at 24 weeks from 12 weeks and from baseline GLAD - Grade level Assessment Device Tool The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
To evaluate the persistence of effect of Hf rTMS in children with dyslexia at 24 weeks as assessed by CTOPP-2 scores
Difference in mean of CTOPP-2 scores at 24 weeks from 12 weeks and from baseline CTOPP-2 - Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
To evaluate the cortical excitability parameter - RMT pre and post intervention
Mean change in RMT from baseline at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks into the study RMT - Resting Motor Threshold
To evaluate the resting state functional networks and brain activation profile during phonological tasks using functional MRI in dyslexic children pre and post intervention
Differences in functional connectivity and Difference in activation scores of ROI (region of Interest) during the phonological tasks on f MRI from baseline at 12 weeks (at end of intervention)
To describe adverse events noted during Hf rTMS
AE= Positive increase in any of the ROS (review of systems) criteria compared to pre therapy No of patients who have had atleast 1 AE AE rate: ratio of sessions with adverse events divided by total sessions
To describe subjective improvement as assessed by parents and teachers of children with dyslexia
Subjective Improvement as assessed by the parent and teacher on a 7 point Likert scale

Full Information

First Posted
January 28, 2023
Last Updated
June 27, 2023
Sponsor
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT05923645
Brief Title
Efficacy of rTMS as an Adjunct to AI Enabled Remedial Intervention in Children With Dyslexia
Official Title
Efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) as an Adjunct to AI Enabled Remedial Intervention in School Going Children (Aged 6-18 Years) Having Specific Learning Disorder With Dyslexia
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
June 2023
Overall Recruitment Status
Recruiting
Study Start Date
January 1, 2023 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
December 31, 2025 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
December 31, 2025 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Dyslexia is the most common neurobehavioral disorder affecting children, with prevalence rates ranging from 17.5% to 21%. Studies have shown incomplete response to remediation and behavioural therapies in children with dyslexia. Evidence from neuroimaging studies as well as neuromodulation studies supporting a neurobiological basis of dyslexia is extensive according to which under-activation and poor connectivity in the underlying pathways for language and reading is the primary pathophysiology underlying reading difficulties. Evidence from studies on neuromodulation have shown that by combining remedial intervention with neuromodulation there is a synergistic effect through the mechanism of long term potentiation. In view of the above mentioned our study aims to investigate the role of Hf rTMS as an adjunct to AI enabled remedial intervention in children with dyslexia in improving their reading abilities.
Detailed Description
Consecutive School going children fulfilling DSM V criteria for SLD with dyslexia will be screened in the study centre for eligibility. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, legal guardians of the participants will be counselled and written informed consent will be taken. Baseline data of the participants will be collected. GLAD (Grade level Assessment Device Tool ), CTOPP-2 (Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition), WRAT-5 (Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition ) will be administered on the participants at baseline. fMRI at baseline will be done for 10 sequential participants whose legal guardians are willing to give consent for the same. Intervention Study group will be subjected to 6 weeks of AI enabled remedial education with Hf-rTMS (high frequency - repetitive Transcranial Magnetic stimulation) as per protocol developed based on previous studies of rTMS in SLD and from experience from other studies using rTMS for other indications. Participant will be started on AI enabled remediation therapy as described below and after ensuring 1st session of remediation the participant will be called for the rTMS session as detailed below. AI enabled remedial intervention - It will be administered via a Web application based phonological training program (web application address : http://readable.com). This program was Developed at AIIMS, New Delhi (Dept of Pediatrics, Child Neurology division) in collaboration with Delhi IIT, as part of preliminary work done under Dyslexia program under Child Neurology, AIIMS by Dr Sachendra Badal in 2019 (Chief guide ; Professor Sheffali Gulati). This was further adapted to enhance learning by AI technique as part of research work by Dr Sayoni Roy Chowdhary in 2021 (Chief guide; Professor Sheffali Gulati). It is a cloud-based application design, which uses a bottom-up strategic learning approach. It was developed for Indian context based on Components of effective remedial program as recommended internationally. It is based on the principle of reinforcement learning with primary focus on phonic awareness, phonics and sight word recognition. Structure and Duration - It consists of introductory teaching session which would be administered by the primary investigator for teaching 8 modules over 5 classes (32 hours each) over 1st 10 days using online platform. This would be followed by AI based structured remediation under parental supervision for 1 hr/day, 7 days/week for total 6 weeks . A total of 8 modules would be taught through the AI enabled program. Follow up would be done at set intervals after intensive training for 10 days: weekly for two weeks and subsequently fortnightly for rest of duration to ensure proper use of intervention by the primary investigator using telephonic calls to check for compliance. Total number of online sessions, total count of attempted words and total count of correctly pronounced words would be monitored by the web application. Compliance will be defined by (total 52 hours of intervention) Good: > 80% i.e. > 42 hours of intervention; Average: 60-80% i.e. 31-42 hours of intervention; Poor: <60% i.e. < 31 hours of intervention. rTMS procedure Handedness will be determined via Edinburgh handedness inventory - Laterality Index Electromyography will be recorded with surface electrodes from the right Abductor pollicis brevis (APB) using a belly tendon montage on the dominant hand A figure of eight TMS coil connected to stimulator coil will be placed over the contralateral motor cortex tangentially to the scalp with the handle pointing backward. The motor hot-spot will determined as the location on the scalp where TMS produced the largest MEP from the APB at rest Obtaining Motor Cortex Threshold- Lowest stimulator output over the motor hot-spot that could elicit EMG response in APB in 5 out of 10 trials Prior to start of each cycle, on day 1 cortical excitability parameters will be recorded using standard protocols for RMT (Resting Motor Threshold), MEP (Motor Evoked Potential), LICI (Long interval intracortical inhibition) and SICI (Short interval intracortical inhibition). Site of rTMS - established using 10-20 EEG system at Left IPL (inferior parietal lobule , corresponding to angular and supramarginal gyrus), and left STG (superior temporal gyrus) at P3 and P5 respectively, TMS Protocol used for each session - 5 Hz High frequency rTMS, at 100% RMT, 60 pulses per train, total 10 trains , gap between 2 consecutive trains of 30 sec Duration - Total 3 cycles per participant will be administered.1st cycle of 10 sessions over 10 consecutive days. 2nd cycle of 5 sessions over 5 consecutive days. 3rd cycle for 5 sessions over 5 consecutive days. Gap of 6 weeks between 2 consecutive cycles. Participants will be monitored for adverse events during and after the study period. Appropriate measures such as immediate supine placement upon symptoms or signs of hypotension, intranasal midazolam in case or seizures will be taken. Follow up Collection of data at 6 weeks - Cortical excitability parameters, GLAD, CTOPP-2, WRAT-5 scores and CGI-C (Clinical Global Impression of Change) for both teacher and parents. Collection of data at 12 weeks - Cortical excitability parameters, GLAD, CTOPP-2, WRAT-5 scores and CGI-C for both teacher and parents. At 12 weeks (±7 days) fMRI will be repeated for those 10 sequential participants whose legal guardians had given consent for the same. Follow up after 3 months post intervention - 24 weeks - Reassessment of the participant with GLAD, CTOPP-2 and WRAT-5 tests, Cortical excitability parameters and CGI- for parents and teachers. Participants will be assessed telephonically every week for compliance with remediation therapy and any adverse effects of rTMS and will also be instructed to report any adverse event as and when they occur. Control - For controls investigators will be using the retrospective data of children with dyslexia who received AI enabled remedial intervention alone (for 6 weeks) as a part of a previous study by Dr Sayoni under the guidance of Prof Sheffali Gulati as Chief guide. •Assessment Tools GLAD (Grade level Assessment Device Tool): Assesses the level of academic performance in children up to VI standard , developed at National Institute of Mental Health, Secunderabad and has been validated in Indian population. Format I contains Test booklets of class I to class IV worksheets in English, Hindi & Mathematics and Tasks are verbal/ gestural and written responses to questions. Number of item varies in each section and also in each class level, which is scored and converted to a percentage. Format II is to be used by the clinician for noting observations while the child is performing on format I and has three sections and a summary sheet. There are three broad categories: Independent (score >70%), Instructional (score 40-70%) and Frustrational level (score <40%). CTOPP-2 (Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition): The Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing (CTOPP) was published in 1999 and revised in 2013 to meet the need for an assessment of reading-related phonological processing skills. The CTOPP-2 has four principal uses: to identify individuals who are significantly below their peers in important phonological abilities, to determine strengths and weaknesses among developed phonological processes, to document individuals' progress in phonological processing as a consequence of special intervention programs, and to serve as a measurement device in research studies investigating phonological processing. It is individually administered to children between 4 years to 24 years 11 months with a total testing time of 40 minutes. CTOPP2 measures phonological abilities in four domains; as composite scores of phonological awareness, alternate phonological awareness, phonological memory and rapid symbolic/ non-symbolic naming through core and supplemental subsets (elision, blending words, phoneme isolation, blending nonwords, segmenting nonwords, memory for digits, nonword repetition, rapid digit naming, rapid letter naming, rapid color naming, rapid object naming). Composite scores of CTOPP2: Phonological Awareness Composite Score (PACS) comprises the standard scores of three subtests-Elision, Blending Words, and Sound Matching-for 4 through 6 year olds, and Elision, Blending Words, and Phoneme Isolation for 7 through 24 year olds. The PACS represents the examinee's awareness of and access to the phonological structure of oral language. Phonological Memory Composite Score (PMCS) comprises the standard scores of two subtests: Memory for Digits and Nonword Repetition for all individuals. The PMCS represents the examinee's ability to code information phonologically for temporary storage in working or short-term memory. The Rapid Symbolic Naming Composite Score (RSNCS) comprises the standard scores of two subtests: Rapid Digit Naming and Rapid Letter Naming for all individuals. The RSNCS measures the examinee's ability to include efficient retrieval of phonological information from long-term or permanent memory and execute a sequence of operations quickly and repeatedly. Rapid Non-Symbolic Naming Composite Score (RNNCS) comprises the standard scores of two subtests-Rapid Color Naming and Rapid Object Naming and offers an alternative for young children, ages 4 through 6 year olds, not familiar with letters and numbers. The RNNCS measures the examinee's ability to include efficient retrieval of phonological information from long-term or permanent memory and executing a sequence of operations quickly and repeatedly using objects and colors. The Alternate Phonological Awareness Composite Score (APACS), an alternate composite for measuring phonological awareness is available for 7 through 24 year olds. Combining the scaled scores from Blending Nonwords and Segmenting Nonwords forms it. The APACS measures the examinee's phonological awareness exclusively with nonwords. The CTOPP-2 yields six types of normative scores: age equivalents, grade equivalents, percentile ranks, subtest scaled scores, composite indexes, and developmental scores. WRAT-5 (Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition): It is a tool applied for children more than 5 years of age. The subsets include Word reading, Sentence comprehension, Spelling, Math computation and Reading composite. It is available in Indian version (WRAT-5 India blue form) and validated for Indian population (aged 6 years to 19 years, 11 months) since 2019.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Dyslexia, Specific Learning Disability, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Keywords
Dyslexia, SLD, TMS, Hf rTMS

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Model Description
Ambispective Quasi-experimental study design
Masking
None (Open Label)
Masking Description
Primary Outcome measures (GLAD, CTOPP2, WRAT-5) will be assessed by a clinical psychologist not involved in the study
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
60 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
High frequency repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Children who have given consent for the study and are fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be enrolled and given Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as per protocol as described below over 12 week along with AI based remedial intervention. TMS protocol - 5 Hz High frequency rTMS, at 100% RMT, 60 pulses per train, total 10 trains , gap between 2 consecutive trains of 30 sec, at left IPL and left STG localised using 10-20 EEG based system at P3 and P5 respectively , using figure of 8 coil 1st cycle of 10 sessions over 10 consecutive days, 2nd cycle of 5 sessions over 5 consecutive days , 3rd cycle for 5 sessions over 5 consecutive days ; gap of 6 weeks between 2 consecutive cycles Total 3 cycles per patient
Intervention Type
Device
Intervention Name(s)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (Hf rTMS)
Other Intervention Name(s)
AI based remedial intervention
Intervention Description
TMS protocol - 5 Hz High frequency rTMS, at 100% RMT, 60 pulses per train, total 10 trains , gap between 2 consecutive trains of 30 sec, at left IPL and left STG localised using 10-20 EEG based system at P3 and P5 respectively , using figure of 8 coil 1st cycle of 10 sessions over 10 consecutive days, 2nd cycle of 5 sessions over 5 consecutive days , 3rd cycle for 5 sessions over 5 consecutive days ; gap of 6 weeks between 2 consecutive cycles Total 3 cycles per patient
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Improvement in reading abilities of the participants as assessed by CTOPP-2 scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline.
Description
Difference in mean of CTOPP-2 scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline. CTOPP-2 - Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition -tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 6 and 12 weeks
Title
Improvement in reading abilities of the participants as assessed by GLAD scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline.
Description
Difference in mean of GLAD scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline. GLAD - Grade level Assessment Device Tool The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 6 and 12 weeks
Title
Improvement in reading abilities of the participants as assessed by WRAT-5 scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline.
Description
Difference in mean of WRAT5 scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline. WRAT-5 - Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 6 and 12 weeks
Title
Improvement in reading abilities of the intervention group (who received Hf-rTMS with AI based remedial intervention) as assessed by CTOPP-2 scores at 6 weeks as compared to controls (who received only AI based remedial intervention).
Description
Difference in mean of change in CTOPP-2 scores at 6 weeks between the intervention group and the retrospective data of controls CTOPP-2 - Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 6 weeks
Title
Improvement in reading abilities of the intervention group (who received Hf-rTMS with AI based remedial intervention) as assessed by GLAD scores at 6 weeks as compared to controls (who received only AI based remedial intervention).
Description
Difference in mean of change in GLAD scores at 6 weeks between the intervention group and the retrospective data of controls GLAD - Grade level Assessment Device Tool The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 6 weeks
Title
Improvement in reading abilities of the intervention group (who received Hf-rTMS with AI based remedial intervention) as assessed by WRAT5 scores at 6 weeks as compared to controls (who received only AI based remedial intervention).
Description
Difference in mean of change in WRAT5 scores at 6 weeks between the intervention group and the retrospective data of controls WRAT-5 - Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 6 weeks
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
To compare the domain wise change CTOPP-2 scores of participants pre and post intervention
Description
Difference in mean of Domain wise CTOPP2 score at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline CTOPP-2 - Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition - details of the tools have been described in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 6 and 12 weeks
Title
To compare the domain wise change WRAT-5 scores of participants pre and post intervention
Description
Difference in mean of Domain wise WRAT-5 score at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline WRAT-5 - Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition - details of the tools have been described in the study description section above
Time Frame
From baseline to 6 and 12 weeks
Title
To evaluate the persistence of effect of Hf rTMS in children with dyslexia at 24 weeks as assessed by WRAT5 scores
Description
Difference in mean of WRAT-5 scores at 24 weeks from 12 weeks and from baseline WRAT-5 - Wide Range achievement test, 5th edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 24 weeks from 12 weeks and
Title
To evaluate the persistence of effect of Hf rTMS in children with dyslexia at 24 weeks as assessed by GLAD scores
Description
Difference in mean of GLAD scores at 24 weeks from 12 weeks and from baseline GLAD - Grade level Assessment Device Tool The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 24 weeks from 12 weeks and
Title
To evaluate the persistence of effect of Hf rTMS in children with dyslexia at 24 weeks as assessed by CTOPP-2 scores
Description
Difference in mean of CTOPP-2 scores at 24 weeks from 12 weeks and from baseline CTOPP-2 - Comprehensive Test Of Phonological Processing Tool, 2nd edition The tool has been explained in the study description section above.
Time Frame
From baseline to 24 weeks from 12 weeks and
Title
To evaluate the cortical excitability parameter - RMT pre and post intervention
Description
Mean change in RMT from baseline at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks into the study RMT - Resting Motor Threshold
Time Frame
at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks into the study
Title
To evaluate the resting state functional networks and brain activation profile during phonological tasks using functional MRI in dyslexic children pre and post intervention
Description
Differences in functional connectivity and Difference in activation scores of ROI (region of Interest) during the phonological tasks on f MRI from baseline at 12 weeks (at end of intervention)
Time Frame
from baseline at 12 weeks (at end of intervention)
Title
To describe adverse events noted during Hf rTMS
Description
AE= Positive increase in any of the ROS (review of systems) criteria compared to pre therapy No of patients who have had atleast 1 AE AE rate: ratio of sessions with adverse events divided by total sessions
Time Frame
12 weeks
Title
To describe subjective improvement as assessed by parents and teachers of children with dyslexia
Description
Subjective Improvement as assessed by the parent and teacher on a 7 point Likert scale
Time Frame
at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks from baseline

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
6 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Indian school going children aged 6-18 years having specific learning disorder (SLD) with dyslexia diagnosed by DSM-5 criteria English as one of the languages in school Parents willing for the study Exclusion Criteria: Parents not willing to participate or follow up at desired frequency of study Child who has already received or is on remedial intervention within last 12 weeks provided by Child Psychologist/ Clinician/Psychiatrist Children who participated in a completed DM dissertation on remedial program in SLD Child already on any psychotropic medications Neurological or psychiatric disorder other than comorbid disorders of SLD Uncontrolled epilepsy as defined by seizure frequency >1/month for preceding 3 months Severe concurrent illness or disease or unstable medical conditions Any contraindications for MRI like presence of pacemaker, metallic implant Any contraindications for TMS like Implanted electronic device and non-removable metallic objects near coil e.g. pacemaker, cochlear implant; presence of ferromagnetic metal in the head outside the mouth; on medication lowering seizure threshold.
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Sheffali Gulati
Phone
01126594679
Email
sheffaligulati@gmail.com
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Sheffali Gulati
Phone
9810386847
Email
sheffaligulati1@gmail.com
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Sheffali Gulati
Organizational Affiliation
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delh
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
City
Delhi
ZIP/Postal Code
110029
Country
India
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Sheffali Gulati, MD
Phone
9868397532
Email
sheffaligulati@gmail.com
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Sheffali Gulati, MD
Phone
9868397532
Email
sheffaligulati1@gmail.com

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
No

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Efficacy of rTMS as an Adjunct to AI Enabled Remedial Intervention in Children With Dyslexia

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