The China Mviv Registry

Inclusion Criteria: Subject had a degenerated surgical mitral bioprosthesis with at least moderate to severe mitral regurgitation or severe stenosis with echocardiographically derived mitral valve area (MVA) of ≤1.5 cm2 Subjiect is symptomatic from mitral valve disease, as demonstrated by reported NYHA Functional Class II or greater. Subject is at least 18 years old. Heart team (including cardiac surgeon) agree on eligibility including assessment that transeptal, transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TsMVR) and redo surgical mitral valve replacement (rSMVR) are appropriate. The study patient or the study patient's legal representative informed of the nature of the study, agreed to its provisions and provided written informed consent as approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) center. The study Subject agreed to comply with all required post-procedure follow-up visits including annual visits through 5 years and analysis close date visits, which was conducted as a phone/clinic follow-up. Exclusion Criteria: Subject was operable with the assessment of experienced Heart Team Subject had evidence of an acute MI, percutaneous intervention, or a peripheral intervention ≤30 days prior to Portico ViV index procedure. Subject had uncontrolled blood dyscrasias defined as: leukopenia (WBC<3,000 mm3), acute anemia (Hb <9 g/dL), or thrombocytopenia (platelet count <50,000 cells/mm³). Subject was considered hemodynamically unstable at the time of the ViV procedure (requiring inotropic support or mechanical heart assistance) Subject had severe ventricular dysfunction with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <20% as measured by resting echocardiogram. Subject had imaging evidence of intracardiac mass, thrombus or vegetation. Subject had an active peptic ulcer or has/had upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding ≤3 months prior to ViV index procedure. Subject had a documented history of a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or a transient ischemic attack (TIA) ≤6 months prior to index procedure. Subject had active bacterial endocarditis or ongoing sepsis ≤ 6 months prior to the index procedure. Subject was unable to tolerate antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy