The Effect of Preoperative Walking Exercises on the Prognosis of Supratentorial Brain Tumours Patients After Craniotomy

Inclusion Criteria: The participants voluntarily joined this trial and signed the informed consent form, and were able to comply with the research procedures. Male and female outpatients or inpatients aged between 18 and 65 years. Patients diagnosed with supratentorial tumors through medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and head imaging examinations, and without symptoms of intracranial hypertension or epilepsy. Low-risk elective surgery patients with a preoperative waiting period of more than three to four weeks, depending on the actual medical condition and patient preferences. Exclusion Criteria: Patients whose movement may lead to tumour stroke or brain herniation. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of cerebral haemorrhage or intracranial infection or epilepsy. Patients with acute or unstable heart disease (e.g. unstable angina or severe aortic stenosis). Patients with a physical status of Grade 3, 4 or 5 according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification. Patients with disabling orthopaedic or neuromuscular conditions. Patients with a history of clinically diagnosed cognitive impairment, such as dementia and mental retardation. Patients with a current or previous diagnosis of significant mental illness, chronic neurological disease or active substance abuse (as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition). Patients with heart failure (New York Heart Association Class 3 or Class 4 functional class). Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (exertional expiratory volume in the first second of exhalation < 50% of predicted value). Patients with anaemia (symptomatic or haematocrit < 30%). Patients who have participated in other trials 1 month before or during the trial. Patients who are prohibited from exercising without face-to-face supervision as assessed by the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) or as judged by the exercise physician based on the cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Patients who are unable to cooperate during the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test due to impaired consciousness or mental impairment.