Investigation The Effect of Conventional Vs. Individualized tDCS Intensity to Achieve Uniform E-Fields
Multiple Sclerosis, Neurophysiologic Abnormality
About this trial
This is an interventional screening trial for Multiple Sclerosis focused on measuring Multiple Sclerosis, Brain Stimulation, Non-invasive Brain Stimulation
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Right-handed volunteers, assessed by Edinburgh handedness inventory Normal or corrected-to-normal vision Greater than or equal to 18 years old Relapsing-remitting type of MS (RRMS) Moderate disability EDSS score ≤ 6.5 Free of relapsing attack at least a month before recruitment Exclusion Criteria: Subject recently had a seizure or epilepsy Subject is a habitual smoker; Subject has a history of any major disease that may interfere with the investigations (especially liver and kidney disease, upper limb pathologies, history of significant multiple traumas, or diabetes) or cancer; Subject has any history of a major neurological disorder in addition to MS (including previous severe brain trauma and cognitive impairment) or known cerebral structural abnormalities; Subject has a diagnosed mental disorder (e.g., depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, psychoses); Subject is currently a user (including ''recreational use'') of any illicit drugs or has a history of drug or alcohol abuse; Subject has significant abnormalities on T1/T2 MRI scan; Subject has a contra-indication for MRI scanning or TMS measurements (see screening forms for MRI and TMS); Subject does not understand the study procedure; Subject is unwilling or unable to perform all study procedures, or is considered unsuitable in any way by the principal investigator; Subject is not able to perform the motor tasks; Subject is (potentially) pregnant (in case of doubt, hCG test will be conducted in female participants); subject is breastfeeding at the time of the study; Subject chronically uses medication, especially sedatives or sleep medication (contraceptives allowed). Other medication that is only taken as needed will be allowed at the investigator's discretion; Using TMS, no (sufficiently stable) MEPs can be evoked at left M1;
Sites / Locations
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Active Comparator
Active Comparator
Sham Comparator
Individualized tDCS
Fixed currents tDCS
Sham tDCS
Each participant will be screened according to their brain scan, they will receive individualized dose of tDCS currents.
All of the participant will receive standardized dose of tDCS currents intensity of 2 mA.
The electrodes will applied to the cortical areas, however none of all of the participant will receive the current dose of tDCS.