Combined Segmentectomy Versus Lobectomy for Stage IA Lung Adenocarcinoma With Ground-glass Component of Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study

Inclusion Criteria: (1)Age: 20-80 years, (2)suspected non-small-cell lung carcinoma, mixed nodules with GGO in the middle and peripheral lung fields, (3) clinical stage (UICC Stage 8) , Stage IA (T1a-cN0M0) , (4) multiple GGO was considered to be multiple primary lung cancer, but the largest diameter of GGO was less than 3 cm, the largest diameter of compactness was less than 2 cm, the largest diameter of GGO was less than 3 cm, the largest diameter of compactness was less than 2 cm, the largest diameter of GGO was less than 3 cm, the largest diameter of compactness was less than 2 cm (5) without any induction therapy; (6) PS score of 0-1, without severe complications, and functional status tolerant to minimally invasive lobectomy. (7) FEV1≥1L was assessed by pulmonary function test and was greater than 50% of the predicted value, (8) no hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastasis and no distant metastasis were found in the preoperative clinical evaluation, (9) voluntary participation and informed consent were obtained; Exclusion Criteria: (1) pure dense nodules without GGO, or pure GGO ≤0.5 cm with GGO;(2) the lesion was located in 1/3 of the lung field, and combined segmental resection may not meet the requirement of resection margin (3) multiple GGO considered multiple primary lung cancer with the largest diameter ≥1cm, dense component ≥0.5 cm and a second primary lesion that may require surgical treatment in the next 5 years (4) high risk patients with severe other organ diseases, (5) history of other malignant tumors within 5 years, (6) history of ipsilateral thoracic surgery. (7) the lesion was located in the middle lobe of the right lung, (8) in pregnant or lactating women, (9) with severe mental disorders, (10) with a history of unstable angina or myocardial infarction within 6 months, and severe stenosis of the major branches of the coronary artery; (11) a history of cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage within 6 months, (12) a history of continuous systemic corticosteroid therapy within 1 month, and (13) according to the judgment of the investigators, the patients were not suitable to be included in the trial.