AbA1C (%)
HbA1C evaluated at visit 4
Glycated Albumin(g/dL)
Glycated Albumin evaluated at visit 4
>180 mg/dL Time in Range
>180 mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
>140 mg/dL Time in Range
>140 mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
>120 mg/dL Time in Range
>120 mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
<63mg/dL Time in Range
<63mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
<54mg/dL Time in Range
<54mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
63-120mg/dL Time in Range
63-120mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) 63-94 mg/dL Time in Range
Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) 63-94 mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) ≥95 mg/dL Time in Range
Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) ≥95 mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) <63 mg/dL Time in Range
Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) <63 mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) <54 mg/dL Time in Range
Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) <54 mg/dL Time in Range evaluated for 1 week before Visit4
Overall average blood glucose level
Overall average blood glucose level evaluated for 1week before visit4
Overall average Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) level
Overall average Night time Blood glucose (0AM-6AM) level evaluated for 1week before visit4
Overall average During the day time blood glucose (6AM-12PM) level
Overall average During the day time blood glucose (6AM-12PM) level evaluated for 1week before visit4
Frequency of severe hypoglycemia(Hypoglycemia requiring help from others)
Frequency of severe hypoglycemia during the study period hyperglycemia requiring help from others)
glucose variability
glucose variability evaluated for 1week before visit4 (MAGE,SD,CV)
rate of insulin treatment
rate of insulin treatment
Estimation A1c of continuous blood glucose measurement for 1 week before Visit4 visit
Estimation A1c of continuous blood glucose measurement for 1 week before Visit4 visit
Total daily insulin requirements (evaluated at every visit)
Total daily insulin requirements (evaluated at every visit)
Satisfaction Questionnaire
Satisfaction Questionnaire(DTSQ) ,Score: min0 ~max 48, higher scores mean a better outcome
C-section rate
C-section rate
preeclampsia rate
preeclampsia rate
preeclampsia or gestational hypertension rate
preeclampsia or gestational hypertension rate
the rate of preterm birth
the rate of preterm birth
Weight gain during the study period
Weight gain during the study period
Average daily blood glucose measurements during the study period
Freestyle Libre scans, SMBG
Changes in Microbiome
Changes in Microbiome
Rate of transition to type 2 diabetes
Rate of transition to type 2 diabetes
Rate of transition to Glucose intolerance (prediabetes and/or diabetes)
Rate of transition to Glucose intolerance (prediabetes and/or diabetes)
Rate of transition to Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or diabetes
Rate of transition to Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or diabetes
Rate of transition to Impaired fasting glucose (IGT) and/or diabetes
Rate of transition to Impaired fasting glucose (IGT) and/or diabetes
75g OGTT hourly blood glucose
75g OGTT hourly blood glucose
hemoglobinA1C
hemoglobinA1C
glycated albumin
glycated albumin
Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR)
HOMA-IR (no unit, higher score means a worse outcome)
Insulin resistance index (Matsuda index)
Matsuda index (no unit, higher score means a better outcome)
Insulin secretion ability index (HOMA-beta)
HOMA-beta(no unit, higher score means a better outcome)
Insulin secretion ability index (Insulinogenic index)
Insulinogenic index(no unit, higher score means a better outcome)
Insulin Composite index(Oral disposition index)
Oral disposition index(no unit, higher score means a better outcome)
Insulin Composite index(disposition index)
disposition index(no unit, higher score means a better outcome)
weight change
weight change
Change in Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA)
Change in Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA)
fetal: childbirth weight
fetal: childbirth weight
fetal: Macrosomia ( > 4000 g)
fetal: Macrosomia ( > 4000 g)
fetal:Large for gestational age ( > 90th percentile for age)
fetal:Large for gestational age ( > 90th percentile for age)
fetal:Small for gestational age ( < 10th percentile for age)
fetal:Small for gestational age ( < 10th percentile for age)
fetal:Neonatal glucose level
fetal:Neonatal glucose level
fetal:NICU admission
fetal:NICU admission
fetal:birth trauma (including shoulderdystocia, clavicle fracture or Erb's palsy)
fetal:birth trauma (including shoulderdystocia, clavicle fracture or Erb's palsy)
fetal:Pre-term birth
fetal:Pre-term birth
fetal:Apgar score
score: min 0 ~ max 10, higher scores mean a better outcome
fetal:Meconium aspiration
fetal:Meconium aspiration