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Paraffin Wax Bath With Joint Mobilization Technique in Post-traumatic Stiff Knee

Primary Purpose

Knee Pain Chronic

Status
Recruiting
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
Pakistan
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Paraffin wax bath therapy and Maitland joint mobilization techniques
Maitland knee joint mobilization
Sponsored by
Riphah International University
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Knee Pain Chronic focused on measuring Post-traumatic stiff knee, Range of motion, Pain, Mobilization

Eligibility Criteria

22 Years - 40 Years (Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria: Age 22-40 yrs. Both Male and female Fracture of unilateral knee joint. Subject with 3-6 month after injury Subjects with post traumatic stiffness of knee joint having a minimum of 70º knee flexion Exclusion Criteria: Recent injuries on knee or on adjacent areas. Neurological problems Subject having polyarthritis, bleeding disorders, tumors, local infection, peripheral vascular disease, leg-length discrepancy of more than one-half inch Any non-traumatic cause of fractures Non traumatic cause of knee stiffness Malignancy

Sites / Locations

  • Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Rehab CareRecruiting

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

Active Comparator

Arm Label

Group A

Group B

Arm Description

Paraffin wax bath therapy and Maitland joint mobilization techniques

Maitland knee joint mobilization

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

NPRS
Changes from base Line Numeric Pain rating scale is a scale for pain starting from 0-10. where 0 indicate no pain and 10 indicate severe pain
WOMAC
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) is widely used in the evaluation of Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis. It is a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 24 items divided into 3 subscales Pain (5 items): during walking, using stairs, in bed, sitting or lying, and standing upright, Stiffness (2 items): after first waking and later in the day, Physical Function (17 items): using stairs, rising from sitting, standing, bending, walking, getting in / out of a car, shopping, putting on / taking off socks, rising from bed, lying in bed, getting in / out of bath, sitting, getting on / off toilet, heavy domestic duties, light domestic duties.
Goniometer
A goniometer is an instrument which measures the available range of motion at a joint.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Full Information

First Posted
September 15, 2023
Last Updated
October 11, 2023
Sponsor
Riphah International University
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT06049303
Brief Title
Paraffin Wax Bath With Joint Mobilization Technique in Post-traumatic Stiff Knee
Official Title
Effects of Paraffin Wax Bath With Joint Mobilization Technique in Rehabilitation of Post-traumatic Stiff Knee
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
October 2023
Overall Recruitment Status
Recruiting
Study Start Date
September 15, 2023 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
February 15, 2024 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
March 15, 2024 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Riphah International University

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
This project will be a Randomized clinical trial conducted to check the effect of paraffin wax bath with joint mobilization technique in rehabilitation of post-traumatic stiff knee joint. Study duration will be of 8 months, convenient sampling was done, subject following eligibility criteria from Jinnah Hospital Lahore, will be randomly allocated in two groups, baseline assessment was done, Group A participants were given baseline treatment along with paraffin wax bath therapy and Maitland knee joint mobilization, Group B participants will be given baseline treatment along with Maitland knee joint mobilization. Assessments will done in 4th week and 8th week via, Numeric pain rating scale, goniometer, western Ontario and McMaster universities osteoarthritis index,4 sessions per week will given, data will analyzed by using SPSS version 25.
Detailed Description
Knee stiffness is common problem post traumatically due to process of inhibition often occurs in the early post-injury phase. This leads to the initiation of muscle atrophy within hours of the cessation of normal voluntary muscle activation further; this can result in an increase in the viscosity of synovial fluid within the joint, which provides more resistance to motion. Maitland mobilization aims to reestablish the spinning, gliding and rolling motions of the two joints. Although paraffin bath therapy has various effects such as analgesia, reducing chronic inflammation, and increasing connective tissue elasticity, it is non-invasive and has few side effects. Paraffin wax therapy, combined with exercises and the use of splints, has also been found helpful in restoring the range of movement. The current study is to explore the effect of parrafin wax bath therapy in rehabilitation of posttrumatic stiff knee range of motion, pain and functional status, and emphasize the importance of parrafin wax bath therapy adjunct with mobilization technique in treatment of knee stiffness

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Knee Pain Chronic
Keywords
Post-traumatic stiff knee, Range of motion, Pain, Mobilization

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
Outcomes Assessor
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
34 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Group A
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Paraffin wax bath therapy and Maitland joint mobilization techniques
Arm Title
Group B
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Maitland knee joint mobilization
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Paraffin wax bath therapy and Maitland joint mobilization techniques
Intervention Description
In group A Patients will be treated with paraffin wax bath 20 minutes (before any physical therapy treatment) (Apply a few drops of olive oil into the skin of the area. Dip/pour knee joint area into the wax and leave it in for a few seconds until a layer forms over the area. Wait for the wax to dry. Repeat this process until you have at least 10 layers of wax area to be treated.) Joint mobilization technique (8-12 glides at knee joint, mobilization grade-I and grade-II will be used for pain management and relaxation, while grade III for improvement in the PROM at knee joint) will be given 4 times a week for 6 weeks (The patient will be positioned in supine lying with the knee slightly flexed and a prop placed under the distal femur. The stabilizing hand will be used to prop the distal femur and the mobilizing hand is placed over the proximal tibia just below the tibial tuberosity. The mobilization itself will be performed by a force perpendicular to the line of the tibia.)
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Maitland knee joint mobilization
Intervention Description
Group B will have (8-12 glides at knee joint, mobilization grade-I and grade-II will be used for pain management and relaxation, while grade III for improvement in the PROM at knee joint) 4 times a week for 6 weeks. Mobilization procedure will be same as above
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
NPRS
Description
Changes from base Line Numeric Pain rating scale is a scale for pain starting from 0-10. where 0 indicate no pain and 10 indicate severe pain
Time Frame
3rd day
Title
WOMAC
Description
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) is widely used in the evaluation of Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis. It is a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 24 items divided into 3 subscales Pain (5 items): during walking, using stairs, in bed, sitting or lying, and standing upright, Stiffness (2 items): after first waking and later in the day, Physical Function (17 items): using stairs, rising from sitting, standing, bending, walking, getting in / out of a car, shopping, putting on / taking off socks, rising from bed, lying in bed, getting in / out of bath, sitting, getting on / off toilet, heavy domestic duties, light domestic duties.
Time Frame
3rd day
Title
Goniometer
Description
A goniometer is an instrument which measures the available range of motion at a joint.
Time Frame
3rd day

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
22 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
40 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Age 22-40 yrs. Both Male and female Fracture of unilateral knee joint. Subject with 3-6 month after injury Subjects with post traumatic stiffness of knee joint having a minimum of 70º knee flexion Exclusion Criteria: Recent injuries on knee or on adjacent areas. Neurological problems Subject having polyarthritis, bleeding disorders, tumors, local infection, peripheral vascular disease, leg-length discrepancy of more than one-half inch Any non-traumatic cause of fractures Non traumatic cause of knee stiffness Malignancy
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Imran Amjad
Phone
03324390125
Email
imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Syed Shakil ur Rehman
Organizational Affiliation
Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Rehab Care
City
Lahore
State/Province
Punjab
Country
Pakistan
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Syed Shakil ur Rehman
Phone
0320-7866611
Email
shakil.urrehman@riphah.edu.pk
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Misbah Tassawur

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
No
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
29861257
Citation
Balasundaram AP, Sreerama Rajan S. Short-term effects of mobilisation with movement in patients with post-traumatic stiffness of the knee joint. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Apr;22(2):498-501. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.06.007. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
Results Reference
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Citation
Jawade S, Vardharajulu G, Naidu N. Comparison of effectiveness of hold-relax technique and maitlandfs mobilization in improving range of motion in posttraumatic stiffness of knee joint. Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University. 2020;15(3):402.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
36914488
Citation
Kim SG, Kang JW, Boo JH, Jin DU, Choi SJ, Song GG, Jung JH. Effectiveness of paraffin bath therapy for the symptoms and function of hand diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Hand Ther. 2023 Mar 11:S0894-1130(22)00101-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2022.10.005. Online ahead of print.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
34336391
Citation
Riaz HM, Ashraf Cheema S. Paraffin wax bath therapy versus therapeutic ultrasound in management of post burn contractures of small joints of hand. Int J Burns Trauma. 2021 Jun 15;11(3):245-250. eCollection 2021.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
7443789
Citation
Borrell RM, Parker R, Henley EJ, Masley D, Repinecz M. Comparison of in vivo temperatures produced by hydrotherapy, paraffin wax treatment, and Fluidotherapy. Phys Ther. 1980 Oct;60(10):1273-6. doi: 10.1093/ptj/60.10.1273.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
27601089
Citation
Kaneguchi A, Ozawa J, Kawamata S, Yamaoka K. Development of arthrogenic joint contracture as a result of pathological changes in remobilized rat knees. J Orthop Res. 2017 Jul;35(7):1414-1423. doi: 10.1002/jor.23419. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
26761556
Citation
Simas JM, Kunz RI, Brancalhao RM, Ribeiro Lde F, Bertolini GR. Effects of physical exercise on the cartilage of ovariectomized rats submitted to immobilization. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2015 Oct-Dec;13(4):574-9. doi: 10.1590/S1679-45082015AO3418.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
30100279
Citation
Rao RV, Balthillaya G, Prabhu A, Kamath A. Immediate effects of Maitland mobilization versus Mulligan Mobilization with Movement in Osteoarthritis knee- A Randomized Crossover trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Jul;22(3):572-579. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.09.017. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
34055123
Citation
Weleslassie GG, Temesgen MH, Alamer A, Tsegay GS, Hailemariam TT, Melese H. Effectiveness of Mobilization with Movement on the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pain Res Manag. 2021 May 3;2021:8815682. doi: 10.1155/2021/8815682. eCollection 2021.
Results Reference
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PubMed Identifier
35728804
Citation
Plummer S, Leonard J. Mobilization With Movement as Therapy to Reduce Knee Pain and Increase Knee Range of Motion. J Sport Rehabil. 2022 Jun 20;31(7):950-953. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2021-0294. Print 2022 Sep 1.
Results Reference
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Paraffin Wax Bath With Joint Mobilization Technique in Post-traumatic Stiff Knee

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