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Biomarkers in the Etiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (BEHIND)

Primary Purpose

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Status
Not yet recruiting
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
France
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Blood punction
Central blood sampling
Intracranial pressure measurement
Sponsored by
University Hospital, Montpellier
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional other trial for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension focused on measuring Idiopathic intracranial hypertension HII, Intracranial pressure elevation (ICP), Transverse venous sinus stenosis, Cerebral venous stenting, Blood biomarkers

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria: 18 years and older Patients with newly diagnosed untreated HII (following the modified Dandy criteria) with normal CSF composition, abnormal CSF pressure at the lumbar puncture (>25 cm H2O), and significant pressure gradient at the level of the stenosis (≥8 mmHg) Presence of bilateral transverse sinus stenosis (or unilateral with hypoplastic contralateral sinus). Exclusion Criteria: Allergy to contrast media (nickel, titanium) Allergy or contraindication to antiplatelet agents Patient on anti-inflammatory treatment Chronic inflammatory disease History of intracranial venous thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, thrombophilia History of intracranial tumor Fulminant IIH with acute visual loss Optic nerve atrophy with papilledema (chronic IIH) Female being pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant in the next 3 months Major comorbidities with high procedural risk Life expectancy < 6 months Adult under guardianship or conservatorship or incapacitated Refusal of consent after receiving all necessary information Not covered by or not a beneficiary of the French social security system

Sites / Locations

  • University Hospital of Montpellier - Gui de Chauliac

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm Type

Experimental

Arm Label

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IHH) patient

Arm Description

IHH patient with bilateral stenosis of the transversal sinus

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

intracranial pressure (ICP) blood biomarker correlation
The correlation (Pearson's r) between blood biomarkers and ICP measured before and after IIH treatment. Pearson's r will be calculated with a multivariate stepwise linear regression to identify those biomarkers that can explain a change in ICP. The blood biomarkers are extracted from peripheral and central venous blood. The ICP is measured at torcular level. The blood biomarkers include: Inflammatory markers (pg/mL): Osteopontin, γ&β-chain fibrinogen, α1-acid glycoprotein 2 et haptoglobin Inflammatory cytokines : INFγ, IL-2, IL-10, IL-4, IL-12p70, IL-6, IL-13, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-23, IGF-1, TGFβ1 Chemokines: Fractalkine, SDF-1, CX3CL1, MCP-1, CCL3, CCL5 BBB integrity markers (pg/mL): S100b, GFAP, Neurofilament light-chain, Neuronal specific enolase, Uch-L1 Headache associated markers (pg/mL): Calcitonin Gene Related-Peptide, Glucagon-Like Peptide Hormonal markers (ng/mL): 11β-HSD1, Glucagon-like peptide-1, DHEAS, Leptin, estradiol, and testosterone

Secondary Outcome Measures

Headache severity
Calculation of the correlation (multivariate regression, Pearson's r) between variations in blood biomarker concentrations (inflammatory, BBB, headache and hormonal) and headache severity as determined by the HIT-6 (6-item questionnaire, scores range from 36 to 78; the higher the score, the greater the impact of headaches on quality of life.). The correlation will be defined: The correlation before treatment The correlation after treatment The change over time
Body mass index (BMI)
Calculation of the correlation (multivariate regression, Pearson's r) between the concentration of all blood biomarkers (inflammatory, Blood-Brain Barrier, headache and hormonal) and the Body-Mass-Index (expressed in kg/m² by combining weight and height). The correlation will be defined: The correlation before treatment The correlation after treatment The change over time
Optic fibre layer (RNF) thickness
Calculation of the correlation (multivariate regression, Pearson's r) between the variation in concentration of all blood biomarkers (inflammatory, Blood brain barrier, headache and hormonal) and the severity of papilledema, which is quantified by the average thickness (µm) of the optic fibre layer (RNF) The correlation will be defined: The correlation before treatment The correlation after treatment The change over time
Transverse sinus stenosis
Quantify by means of a correlation analysis (linear regression, Pearson's r) whether changes in de degree of traverse sinus stenosis can be an indirect indication of ICP increase. Traverse sinus stenosis is measured on T2* Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging by measuring the dilation of the optic nerve sheath in mm.
Cerebral blood flow
Quantify by means of a multivariate regression analysis (Pearson's r) whether cerebral blood flow characteristics are related to variations in ICP and headache severity over time. The cerebral blood flow is analyzed with arterial spin labeling MRI, the headache severity is evaluated with the HIT-6 questionary (6-item questionnaire, scores range from 36 to 78; the higher the score, the greater the impact of headaches on quality of life.).
MRI contrast enhancement
Evaluate the link between MRI 3DT1 contrast enhancement after gadolinium injection and the biomarkers of blood-brain barrier integrity over time with a linear regression (Pearson's r).

Full Information

First Posted
September 4, 2023
Last Updated
October 2, 2023
Sponsor
University Hospital, Montpellier
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT06059703
Brief Title
Biomarkers in the Etiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Acronym
BEHIND
Official Title
Biomarkers in the Etiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
October 2023
Overall Recruitment Status
Not yet recruiting
Study Start Date
November 6, 2023 (Anticipated)
Primary Completion Date
November 6, 2025 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
March 6, 2026 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
University Hospital, Montpellier

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition characterized by an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP), papilledema with a risk of permanent visual loss, and severe headaches that profoundly affect quality of life. To date the exact pathophysiology of IIH remains unknown. IIH is considered a complex neurometabolic and neuroendocrine disorder, favored by female gender, and obesity. In the majority of patients (80% of the cases) IIH is associated with obstruction of cerebral venous drainage with stenosis of the transverse sinus. This stenosis may be the main underlying cause in the so-called "venogenic" form of IIH. Equally, in the absence of a stenosis, obstruction may occur when otherwise normal venous sinuses are compressed by the increased ICP, the so-called "non-venogenic" form of IIH. An innovative treatment of IIH with associated venous stenosis includes stenting of the transverse sinus stenosis. This strategy may allow resolution of papilledema and ICP reduction rates up to 80%. Although the pathogenesis of IIH is still poorly understood, inflammatory mechanisms, autoimmune reactions, and hormonal abnormalities of notably androgens, have been proposed to contribute to its pathophysiology. The function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been studied by determining the prevalence of extravasation of endogenous proteins such as fibrinogen. A growing body of the literature shows a correlation between increased ICP and metabolic/hormonal changes. The improvement of IIH treated with acetazolamide and/or stenting appears to correlate with the reduction of ICP. Yet the association of this reduction with metabolic changes at the peripheral and central blood level as well as the CSF remains unclear. The search for specific inflammatory, immunological and hormonal biomarkers in patients with IIH and their variation in relation to the ICP should provide a better understanding of its etiology.
Detailed Description
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition characterized by increased intracranial pressure (ICP) of unknown cause, papilledema with the risk of permanent visual impairment, and severe headaches that profoundly impair quality of life, often becoming irreversible despite resolution of the IIH and disappearance of the papilledema. IIH is diagnosed using the modified Dandy criteria,based on increased ICP (>25 cm H2O on lumbar puncture (LP) performed in the lateral decubitus), papilledema, normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain imaging that rules out all other causes of intracranial hypertension. IIH is attracting growing interest among clinicians as its incidence and prevalence increases. IIH predominates in women of childbearing age with increased body mass index (BMI) . In the United Kingdom its incidence has doubled in 14 years, rising from 3.5 per 100,000 to 7.69 per 100,000 in the female population between 2002 and 2016 (+ 108%) To date, the exact pathophysiology of IIH remains unknown. IIH is considered to be a complex neurometabolic and neuroendocrine disorder favored by female gender and obesity. Hypothesized mechanisms include inflammatory, autoimmune and hormonal abnormalities, of notably androgens. In the majority of patients (80% of the cases) IIH is associated with obstruction of cerebral venous drainage with bilateral stenosis of the transverse sinus. This stenosis may be the main underlying cause in the so-called "venogenic" form of IIH. Equally, in the absence of a stenosis, obstruction may occur when otherwise normal venous sinuses are compressed by the increased ICP, the so-called "non-venogenic" form of IIH. The therapeutic management of IIH has a triple objective: i) to treat the underlying cause(s); ii) to protect vision, and iii) to reduce the impact of headaches. Unfortunately, current treatments (weight loss, drug therapy with acetazolamide or Diamox, and/or anti-migraine treatment) are not very effective. It has been argued to favor treatments targeted directly at the cause of the increased ICP, and therefore at its etiology. A promising innovative treatment of venogenic IIH includes stenting of the transverse sinus stenosis. It has been associated with papilledema and ICP reduction rates up to 80% . However, venous stenosis is probably not the only underling mechanism of increased ICP. Accordingly, the role of metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory mechanisms requires further investigation. It has been found that serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were significantly higher in patients with IIH compared with healthy controls . The serum TNF-α level was a significant predictor of the severity of visual field disease. Interestingly, by evaluating adipokine and cytokine levels to identify possible serum markers of inflammation in the pathophysiology of IIH, it was observed that interleukin (IL)-1β levels were significantly higher in the IIH group compared to the control group, whereas IL-8 and TNF-α levels were significantly lower. Although the latter seems in contrast with previous findings, the presence of recurrent relapses - known to enhance chronic inflammatory protective mechanisms and thus increased TNF- α levels, may explain this difference. Serum levels seem thus to be altered (IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) and may be associated with the pathogenesis of IIH. Cytokines might be valuable as prognostic markers in IIH to predict possible relapse. Given the established association between increased perivascular expression of the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4), degeneration of pericytes, capillary basement membranes, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in patients with IIH, the BBB function was investigated by determining the prevalence of extravasation of endogenous proteins such as fibrinogen. Signs of BBB dysfunction, measured by the surface area of extravasated fibrinogen/fibrin, were significantly more pronounced in IIH patients than in reference subjects and demonstrated BBB dysfunction. The increased degree of BBB dysfunction was associated with increased perivascular AQP4 immunoreactivity. AQP4 appears to play a major role in "flushing" brain parenchyma through interstitial fluid, thus also affecting inflammation-generating substances including fibrinogen extravasation. Given the obesity of IHH patients, the involvement of leptin, a hormone associated with the sensation of hunger, was also investigated and found to be elevated. Its regulation mechanism of Na/K ATPase in the choroid plexus and CSF secretion has been postulated . It is also important to point out that between 40%-50% of women with IIH suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome, which is characterized by dysregulation of sex hormones . Finally, mineralocorticoids, such as 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, have been studied in the pathogenesis of IIH following their potential role in the regulation of Na/K ATPase at the level of the choroid plexus . Taken together, these studies seem to highlight a wide range of processes for which biomarkers associated with IIH are starting to emerge, but that are still poorly understood. The lack of prospective studies and the small number of patients included in most of the studies carried out so far, impedes conclusions on the role of these factors in the etiology of IIH. Nevertheless, improvement of IIH treated with acetazolamide and/or stenting seems to correlate with a reduction in ICP, but the association of this reduction with metabolic changes in peripheral, central blood and/or CSF needs to be clarified. The identification of specific inflammatory, immunological and hormonal biomarkers in patients with IIH and their variation in relation to ICP variation should provide a better understanding of its etiology. Biomarkers related to disease severity should allow, in the longer term, proposing alternative treatments. Advances in endovascular techniques have made it possible to measure ICP at the level of the intracerebral venous system, and to take biological samples at the central (intracerebral) level in order to identify biomarkers associated with clinical severity, and to study their variation as a function of i) normalization of intracranial pressure after treatment with stenting or Diamox, ii) changes in ophthalmological symptoms and headaches. To date, there are very few prospective cohorts analyzing the biology of patients with IIH. This study will help in the search for biomarkers of the pathology's severity, with a dual aim: 1) to stimulate understanding of the pathophysiology of IIH, which to date remains largely unknown; 2) to develop new drug treatments targeting the mechanisms of increased ICP.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Keywords
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension HII, Intracranial pressure elevation (ICP), Transverse venous sinus stenosis, Cerebral venous stenting, Blood biomarkers

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Other
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
60 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IHH) patient
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
IHH patient with bilateral stenosis of the transversal sinus
Intervention Type
Procedure
Intervention Name(s)
Blood punction
Intervention Description
Peripheral blood sampling (5 ml) at inclusion and 3 months after treatment
Intervention Type
Procedure
Intervention Name(s)
Central blood sampling
Intervention Description
Central blood sampling (2 ml) at inclusion and 3 months after treatment
Intervention Type
Procedure
Intervention Name(s)
Intracranial pressure measurement
Intervention Description
Intracranial pressure measurement at sinus level with micro-catheter at inclusion and 3 months after treatment
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
intracranial pressure (ICP) blood biomarker correlation
Description
The correlation (Pearson's r) between blood biomarkers and ICP measured before and after IIH treatment. Pearson's r will be calculated with a multivariate stepwise linear regression to identify those biomarkers that can explain a change in ICP. The blood biomarkers are extracted from peripheral and central venous blood. The ICP is measured at torcular level. The blood biomarkers include: Inflammatory markers (pg/mL): Osteopontin, γ&β-chain fibrinogen, α1-acid glycoprotein 2 et haptoglobin Inflammatory cytokines : INFγ, IL-2, IL-10, IL-4, IL-12p70, IL-6, IL-13, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-23, IGF-1, TGFβ1 Chemokines: Fractalkine, SDF-1, CX3CL1, MCP-1, CCL3, CCL5 BBB integrity markers (pg/mL): S100b, GFAP, Neurofilament light-chain, Neuronal specific enolase, Uch-L1 Headache associated markers (pg/mL): Calcitonin Gene Related-Peptide, Glucagon-Like Peptide Hormonal markers (ng/mL): 11β-HSD1, Glucagon-like peptide-1, DHEAS, Leptin, estradiol, and testosterone
Time Frame
Change over time before (at inclusion) and 3 months after IIH treatment (follow-up)
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Headache severity
Description
Calculation of the correlation (multivariate regression, Pearson's r) between variations in blood biomarker concentrations (inflammatory, BBB, headache and hormonal) and headache severity as determined by the HIT-6 (6-item questionnaire, scores range from 36 to 78; the higher the score, the greater the impact of headaches on quality of life.). The correlation will be defined: The correlation before treatment The correlation after treatment The change over time
Time Frame
change over time before (at inclusion) and 3 months after IIH treatment (follow-up)
Title
Body mass index (BMI)
Description
Calculation of the correlation (multivariate regression, Pearson's r) between the concentration of all blood biomarkers (inflammatory, Blood-Brain Barrier, headache and hormonal) and the Body-Mass-Index (expressed in kg/m² by combining weight and height). The correlation will be defined: The correlation before treatment The correlation after treatment The change over time
Time Frame
change over time before (at inclusion) and 3 months after IIH treatment (follow-up)
Title
Optic fibre layer (RNF) thickness
Description
Calculation of the correlation (multivariate regression, Pearson's r) between the variation in concentration of all blood biomarkers (inflammatory, Blood brain barrier, headache and hormonal) and the severity of papilledema, which is quantified by the average thickness (µm) of the optic fibre layer (RNF) The correlation will be defined: The correlation before treatment The correlation after treatment The change over time
Time Frame
Before (at inclusion) and 3 months after treatment (follow-up)
Title
Transverse sinus stenosis
Description
Quantify by means of a correlation analysis (linear regression, Pearson's r) whether changes in de degree of traverse sinus stenosis can be an indirect indication of ICP increase. Traverse sinus stenosis is measured on T2* Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging by measuring the dilation of the optic nerve sheath in mm.
Time Frame
change over time before (at inclusion) and 3 months after IIH treatment (follow-up)
Title
Cerebral blood flow
Description
Quantify by means of a multivariate regression analysis (Pearson's r) whether cerebral blood flow characteristics are related to variations in ICP and headache severity over time. The cerebral blood flow is analyzed with arterial spin labeling MRI, the headache severity is evaluated with the HIT-6 questionary (6-item questionnaire, scores range from 36 to 78; the higher the score, the greater the impact of headaches on quality of life.).
Time Frame
change over time before (at inclusion) and 3 months after IIH treatment (follow-up)
Title
MRI contrast enhancement
Description
Evaluate the link between MRI 3DT1 contrast enhancement after gadolinium injection and the biomarkers of blood-brain barrier integrity over time with a linear regression (Pearson's r).
Time Frame
change over time before (at inclusion) and 3 months after IIH treatment (follow-up)

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: 18 years and older Patients with newly diagnosed untreated HII (following the modified Dandy criteria) with normal CSF composition, abnormal CSF pressure at the lumbar puncture (>25 cm H2O), and significant pressure gradient at the level of the stenosis (≥8 mmHg) Presence of bilateral transverse sinus stenosis (or unilateral with hypoplastic contralateral sinus). Exclusion Criteria: Allergy to contrast media (nickel, titanium) Allergy or contraindication to antiplatelet agents Patient on anti-inflammatory treatment Chronic inflammatory disease History of intracranial venous thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, thrombophilia History of intracranial tumor Fulminant IIH with acute visual loss Optic nerve atrophy with papilledema (chronic IIH) Female being pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant in the next 3 months Major comorbidities with high procedural risk Life expectancy < 6 months Adult under guardianship or conservatorship or incapacitated Refusal of consent after receiving all necessary information Not covered by or not a beneficiary of the French social security system
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Federico CAGNAZZO, MD
Phone
00334 67 33 75 32
Email
f-cagnazzo@chu-montpellier.fr
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Federico CAGNAZZO, MD
Organizational Affiliation
University Hospital of Montpellier - Gui de Chauliac
Official's Role
Study Director
Facility Information:
Facility Name
University Hospital of Montpellier - Gui de Chauliac
City
Montpellier
ZIP/Postal Code
34090
Country
France

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Citations:
PubMed Identifier
26700907
Citation
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Citation
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Biomarkers in the Etiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

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