Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia Reduces Mortality and Rehospitalization for Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction:a Retrospective Matched Case-control Study
Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction, Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: The present study was a retrospective, observational, matched case-control study of 1,840 consecutive inpatients, in New York Heart Association functional class II-IV with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40%, who were hospitalized from July 2013 to August 2019. Exclusion Criteria: Patients were excluded because of insufficient patient information, refusal to participate, or loss to follow-up by telephone. In patients with multiple hospitalizations during the time period, the first hospitalization was utilized in the analysis.
Sites / Locations
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Active Comparator
GDMT plus TEA
GDMT
The patients received maximally tolerated guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) plus TEA. Thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA), the infusion of anesthetic agents (eg, lidocaine or ropivacaine) into the epidural space, is used to achieve sympathetic block at the T1 to T4 levels in thoracic and abdominal surgical procedures.
The patients received maximally tolerated GDMT.