Change in Molecular Biomarkers
The molecular biomarker are C₂N, Homocysteine, Neurofilament light, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, Tau, and Amyloid-Beta peptides and the inflammatory markers are Interleukin-6,Interleukin -10, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha. All will be measured in picograms per milliliter.
Change in Vascular Markers
Red Blood Cell Count, White Blood Cell Count, and Platelet Count will be measured. All will be measured in Cells/L.
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers measured in mg/dl
Total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Triglycerides, Bilirubin, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Calcium, Creatinine, and Glucose. Measured in milligrams/deciliter (mg/dl) assessed with blood analyses.
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers as measured in grams per deciliter
Hemoglobin, Albumin, and Total Protein. Measured in grams per deciliter assessed with blood analyses.
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers measured in mmol/mol
Glucose/HbA1C, Chloride, Potassium, Sodium, Homocysteine. Measured in mmol/mol assessed with blood analyses
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers- platelet count
Platelet Count. Measured per microliter of Blood.
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers as measured per microliter of Blood.
Blood Pressure. Measured per microliter of Blood.
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers as measured by Milli-international units per litre.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone. Measured Milli-international units per litre.
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers as measured milligrams per liter
C-reactive protein Highly Sensitive. Measure milligrams per liter.
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers Measured in microgram
Folate. Measured microgram.
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers Measured picograms per milliliter
Vitamin B12. Measured picograms per milliliter.
Change in NIH Toolbox -Oral Reading Recognition Test
An assessment of reading decoding skills and crystalized abilities. Participants are asked to read aloud letters and words, pronouncing the words as accurately as possible.
Change in NIH Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Test
An assessment of receptive vocabulary administered in a computer-adaptive test (CAT) format. Participants must choose which of four pictures best represents a word presented via audio.
Change in NIH Toolbox- Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention
An assessment of inhibitory control and attention. The participant is asked to focus on a particular stimulus while inhibiting attention to the stimuli flanking it. This outcome will be reported as a composite score.
Change in Executive Function measured by Dimensional Change Card Sort Test
Executive function, An assessment of cognitive flexibility and attention. The participant is asked to match a series of picture pairs to a target picture.
Change in Episodic memory measured by Picture Sequence Memory Test
Episodic memory, An assessment of episodic memory. Participants are shown a number of activities, and then asked to reproduce the sequence of pictures as it was presented.
Change in NIH Toolbox- Auditory Verbal Learning Test
Participants are given three trials to recall as many words as possible from a list of fifteen unrelated words. After a 5-25 minute delay, participants are asked to freely recall as many of the 15 words as possible..
Change in Working Memory measured by List Sorting Task
Working memory, An assessment of working memory. The participant is asked to recall and sequence different stimuli that are presented visually and via audio.
Change in Processing Speed measured by Patten Comparison Processing Speed Test
Processing speed, An assessment of processing speed. Participants are asked to quickly determine whether two stimuli are the same or not the same.
Change in Sustained attention measured by Psychomotor Vigilance Test
Sustained attention, The Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) objectively assesses the mean response time to psychomotor vigilance tests during the Peak Alertness Window.
Change in Neuropsychological Testing (Wechsler Test of Adult Reading
The test involves 50 incorrectly spelled words. The score is computed based on the number of correctly pronounced words. The scale ranges from 0-50, the higher the score the higher the reading ability.
Change in Working Memory measured by Number Span Subset
In this test, the participant is asked to recall a series of numbers in reverse order. The correctly recalled series are scored as 1, and the test contains 14 sequences of numbers. The range of working memory score is from 0 to 14, with higher values representing better outcome.
Change in Health-related quality of life
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Form v1.1 - Global Health (5. Excellent, 4. Very good, 3. Good, 2. Fair, 1. Poor) Higher score indicates better self-reported health-related quality of life
Change in Daytime functioning
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short form v1.0 Sleep-Related Impairment 8a (1. Not at all 2. A little bit 3. Somewhat 4. Quite a bit 5. Very much) A lower score indicates better daytime functioning
Changes in Sleep Quality measured by Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Form v1.0 Sleep Disturbance
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Form v1.0 Sleep Disturbance 4a (1. Not at all 2. A little bit 3. Somewhat 4. Quite a bit 5. Very much)
Changes in number of minutes as measured by FitBit Sleep Stages
Sleep quality will be measured by the number of minutes by FitBit Sleep Stages.
Changes in Sleep quality measured by Sleep Score
FitBit Sleep score Min: 1 Max: 100 Excellent: 90-100 Good: 80-89 Fair: 60-79 Poor: Less than 60
Change in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers as measured in percentage
Hematocrit. Measured as a percentage.