Designing Multimedia Patient Education for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (PEMAIS)

Designing Multimedia Patient Education Materials for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: a Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial of Patient Education Videos

The goal of this triple-masked three-armed feasibility randomised controlled trial is to compare patient education materials for participants with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The main question it aims to answer are: Are educational videos superior to usual care? Are educational videos formatted in line with literature advice on multimedia design superior to videos formatted as traditionally found on scoliosis advisory websites Participants in the video groups will be asked to do view six educational videos and respond to a quiz. Researchers will compare the informed video group and traditional video group to usual care to see if there are differences in engagement, quality of life, physical activity and health-related anxiety.

Multimedia patient education materials are increasingly used in healthcare. This triple-masked three-armed feasibility randomised controlled trial will examine participants aged 10-18 with radiographically confirmed adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and their response to usual care or to receive multimedia educational videos with or without evidence-informed design principles. Primary outcomes will be patient knowledge measured by online quiz and engagement measured by YouTube analytics. Participants will be masked in the two video intervention arms, as will the therapist sending the educational videos. The results will outline the number of participants recruited and randomised, the number analysed post-intervention and at week eight, and the outcomes for baseline, post-intervention and week 8, which will include the effect size and level of precision. Adverse events will also be reported. This feasibility randomised controlled trial will offer insight into the effectiveness of implementing advice from the literature in designing multimedia patient education materials for a population with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Number of participants enrolled at each stage of recruitment, rejection, randomisation, during study, and upon completion

Patient response to tailored question about satisfaction with intervention & study process. Question will read "How satisfied were you with the study process?" and participants will score on a 5-point scale with 1 being Very Unsatisfied and 5 being Very Satisfied

Scoliosis Research Society 22-item revised questionnaire of health-related quality of life. The SRS-22r measures quality of life across 5 domains - Function (5 questions), Pain (5 questions) Self-Image (5 questions), Mental Health (5 questions), Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction (2 questions). The maximum score in each domain is 5 and minimum score is 1, with higher scores representing greater patient quality of life.

The EQ-5D-Y descriptive system comprises the following five dimensions: mobility, looking after myself, doing usual activities, having pain or discomfort and feeling worried, sad or unhappy. Each dimension has 3 levels: no problems, some problems and a lot of problems. A higher score indicates higher quality of health.

Physical Activity Questionnaire for older Children is a a seven-day recall self-administered questionnaire to evaluate moderately to vigorous physical activity in child. A higher score indicates a higher level of physical activity.

State Trait Anxiety Index for Children is a psychological inventory consisting of 40 self-report items on a 4-point Likert scale. The STAI measures two types of anxiety - state anxiety and trait anxiety. Higher scores are positively correlated with higher levels of anxiety.

Inclusion Criteria: aged 10-18 years parent/guardian consent for those under 18 years of age adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) as confirmed by Cobb angle ≥10deg on plain film radiographs able to watch and listen to online educational materials as well as read and complete online surveys Exclusion Criteria: - scoliosis due to non-AIS conditions

Available from 2025 when data is expected to be compiled and written up and submitted for publication

All those with the Open Science Framework link will be able to access the anonymised patient data on the project's Open Science Framework page