Acute Lung Injury Ventilator Evaluation (ALIVE) (ALIVE)
Acute Lung Injury, Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Acute Lung Injury focused on measuring Acute lung injury (ALI), Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), Low-tidal-volume strategy, ARDSNet, airway pressure release ventilation (APRV), biomarkers of lung injury
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age greater than or equal to 18
- Admitted to intensive care unit
- Has legally authorized representative (LAR) available to provide informed consent in languages allowed by IRB
- Has required mechanical ventilator for less than 14 days
- Meets all of the following American-European Consensus Criteria for Acute Lung Injury or Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: a. Acute onset of respiratory compromise, AND b. Bilateral chest radiographic infiltrates, AND c. PaO2/FiO2 ratio less than 300, OR if no arterial blood gas has been drawn by the clinical care team, a saturation O2/FiO2 ratio less than 315 with an O2 saturation less than 97%), AND d. Known pulmonary wedge pressure less than 18 mmHg, OR if pulmonary wedge pressure is not known, left-sided heart failure is not the most likely explanation for the patient's clinical findings of bilateral infiltrates and/or low PaO2/FiO2 ratio
- Has met ALI criteria for less than 7 days prior to enrollment
- Approval of intensive care unit attending physician
- Has arterial catheter in place
- Meets Clinical Stability Criteria for at least one hour prior to the start of study procedures. Note: Clinical Stability Criteria must be maintained throughout the duration of the intervention period.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patient has a Do Not Resuscitate Order
- Evidence of increased intracranial pressure (e.g. presence of intraventricular catheter, brain herniation)
- Patient is pregnant (if pregnancy test was not performed as part of routine clinical care, a urine pregnancy test must be performed for women of childbearing potential after informed consent obtained)
- Planned transport out of ICU during study protocol
- Coagulopathy within the past 48 hours (INR greater than 2.0 or PTT greater than 50 seconds)
- Severe thrombocytopenia within the past 48 hours (platelets less than 20,000 per μL)
- History of obstructive lung disease (asthma and/or COPD)
- Patients who are currently prisoners
Sites / Locations
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Active Comparator
Active Comparator
Low-tidal-volume ventilation
Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV)
Subjects will be ventilated with a goal tidal volume of 6 cc/kg predicted body weight (PBW), a goal plateau pressure of <30 cm H2O, and a goal respiratory rate of 6-35 bpm to achieve a goal arterial pH of 7.30 to 7.45. Positive end-expiratory pressure is set as per the ARDSNet Positive end-expiratory pressure table
Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) is a time cycled, inverse-ratio, pressure controlled strategy that allows spontaneous breathing throughout the respiratory cycle. Initial settings: Pressure high will be set initially to equal the plateau pressure on baseline ARDSNet settings. Time low will be set to 0.5-0.8 seconds to achieve an end expiratory flow 25-50% of peak expiratory flow, and Time high will be set to obtain a set respiratory rate 60%-70% that of baseline settings. Time high will be adjusted to achieve similar continuous exhaled carbon dioxide levels as baseline ARDSNet settings. Low pressure will be set at <5 cm H20.