Anxiety and Depression In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Before and After Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (ADIPOSA)

Anxiety and Depression In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Before and After Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

Anxiety and Depression In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Before and After Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: the ADIPOSA Study

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold-standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), the most common sleep-disordered breathing in the overall population. CPAP has shown to be effective in reducing apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) as well as other OSA polysomnographic outcomes. However, the effectiveness of this device on OSA daily functioning and mood disturbances outcomes still remains unclear. The ADIPOSA study is aimed at determining the effects of three-month CPAP use on anxiety-depression symptoms in patients with OSA. Participants will be adults previously diagnosed with OSA who will be allocated to a CPAP-treatment group. Outcomes will be measured at baseline and intervention end-point (three months) including daytime sleepiness, daily functioning and mood (anxiety and depression symptoms), AHI, other neurophysical and cardiorespiratory polysomnographic outcomes, and body weight. ADIPOSA may serve to establish the effectiveness of CPAP on daytime functioning and mood disturbances commonly found on patients with OSA and, in turn, on other OSA outcomes related to anxiety-depression symptoms.

Adults previously diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnoea will receive a three-month CPAP intervention

Changes in state anxiety and trait anxiety components measured by STAI questionnaire after three-month CPAP usage

Change in apnoea (airflow reduction greater than or equal to 90%) and hypopnoea (airflow reduction greater than or equal to 30%) episodes per hour of sleep, from baseline to post-intervention.

Change in the number of oxygen desaturations greater than or equal to 4%/h from baseline to post-intervention.

Change in the difficulty in maintaining a desired level of wakefulness, measured by the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) from baseline to post-intervention. ESS is a 4-point scale (0 = no chance of dozing, 1 = slight chance of dozing, 2 = moderate chance of dozing, 3 = high chance of dozing) that measures the usual chances of dozing off or falling asleep while engaged in eight different activities. An ESS total score from 0 to 9 is considered to be normal while an ESS total score > 9 indicates high daytime sleepiness.

Inclusion Criteria: Previous clinical diagnosis of mild/moderate/severe OSA (AHI > 5) by a healthcare professional Use of CPAP Motivation to participate in the study Willing to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Presence of any other primary sleep disorder Presence of any mental disorder (including depression, anxiety, and addiction to alcohol or other substances) Presence of any other severe organic disease, except for those comorbid to OSA

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