Azathioprine in MOGAD (MOGwAI)
Central Nervous System Inflammation, MOG-IgG Associated Disease
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Central Nervous System Inflammation focused on measuring MOGAD, azathioprine, optic neuritis, myelitis, neuromyelitis optica, MOG-IgG associated disease
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age ≥ 18 years
- First attack of documented acute demyelinating syndrome of the central nervous system, within the past 3 months, whatever the severity or the clinical phenotype
- Tested positive for MOG-Ab, confirmed in a centralized lab (Lyon referral centre)
- Ability of the subject to understand the purpose and risks of the study and provide signed and dated written informed consent.
- Patients should be beneficiary of health care coverage under the social security system
Exclusion Criteria:
- Hypersensitivity to azathioprine or steroids
- Active infections or cancer
- Seriously impaired hepatic or bone marrow functions:
Lymphocyte count < 1000/ml and or Polynuclear neutrophil count < 1500/ml ALT and/or AST > 3N
- Any live vaccine in the past 3 months
- Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) phenotype deficient or intermediate, with enzymatic activity < 16 nmol/h/ml
- Unable to complete an MRI (e.g. due to pacemaker, severe claustrophobia, hypersensitivity to contrast media, or who lack adequate peripheral venous access)
- Necessary use of allopurinol and febuxostat
- Necessary use of any another immunosuppressive therapy different than azathioprine or steroids
- Current enrollment or a plan to enroll in any interventional clinical study in which an investigational treatment or approved therapy is use. Participation in a non-interventional study can be allowed as long as this participation does not interfere with this protocol or is not likely to affect the subject's ability to comply with the protocol.
- Female subjects who have a positive blood pregnancy test result, are pregnant or are currently breast feeding. All female subjects of childbearing potential must practice effective contraception during the study.
- Inability to comply with study requirements
- Vulnerable patients (defined by articles L1121-5 to L1121-8 and L1122-1-2 from French Public Health Code)
Sites / Locations
- Department of Neurology, CHU de Bordeaux - GH Pellegrin
- Department of Neurology, CHU of Lille, Hospital Roger Salengro
- Department of Neuro Ophthalmology, CHU of Lyon, Neurology Hospital Pierre Wertheimer
- Service de Neurologie sclérose en plaques, pathologies de la myéline et neuro-inflammation - Centre de référence des maladies inflammatoires rares du cerveau et de la moelle (MIRCEM) - Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer - Hospices Civils de Lyon
- Department of Neurology University hospital Timone
- Department of Neurology Montpellier Universitary Hospital
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pasteur 2
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Caremeau
- Department of Neurology APHP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital
- Department of Neurology. Hôpital A. Fondation Rothschild
- Department of Neurology, CHU de Rennes
- Department of Neurology, CHU de Rouen
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital g. Et r. Laennec
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Hautepierre
- Department of Neurology, Toulouse Universitary Hospital
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Placebo Comparator
Azathioprine
Placebo
Azathioprine, dose related to weight (100 mg for <50 kg, 150 mg 50-100 kg, 200 mg for >100 kg), oral, daily Associated to oral corticosteroid, prednisone : 40 mg per day during three months, and progressively tapered during three months until stop (- 30 mg during 15 days, 20mg during 15 days, 15 mg during 15 days, 10 mg during 15 days, 5 mg during 15 days and introduction of hydrocortisone 20 mg + Stop prednisone; hydrocortisone 20mg during 15 days, Stop hydrocortisone)
Placebo, once a day, oral, number of caps related to weight Associated to oral corticosteroid: prednisone 40 mg per day during three months and progressively tapered during three months until stop (- 30 mg during 15 days, 20mg during 15 days, 15 mg during 15 days, 10 mg during 15 days, 5 mg during 15 days and introduction of hydrocortisone 20 mg + Stop prednisone; hydrocortisone 20mg during 15 days, Stop hydrocortisone)