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Blood Flow Restriction Training Versus Standard Physical Therapy After Shoulder Stabilization Surgery

Primary Purpose

Anterior Shoulder Dislocation, Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation, Shoulder Subluxation

Status
Recruiting
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Blood flow restriction therapy
Standard Physical Thearapy
Sponsored by
Keller Army Community Hospital
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Anterior Shoulder Dislocation

Eligibility Criteria

17 Years - 30 Years (Child, Adult)All SexesAccepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. enrolled in the US Military Academy as a Cadet?
  2. between the age of 17 to 30 years?
  3. USMA cadet who was diagnosed with unilateral or multi-directional instability who underwent primary or revised surgery as well as open and arthroscopic shoulder stabilization surgery procedures at KACH.
  4. near 6 weeks post-operative at start and will be cleared to begin strengthening exercises at that time

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Have not had a rotator cuff surgery with the current surgical repair?
  2. Have not had a humeral neck or shaft fracture?
  3. Had not had a history of head, neck, or shoulder procedures requiring general anesthesia within 6 weeks from surgery
  4. Have not had a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) within the 12 months from your surgical date
  5. Not currently pregnant
  6. Don't have a history of upper quadrant lymph node dissection, endothelial dysfunction
  7. Don't have an active infection or are you currently diagnosed and fighting cancer
  8. Don't bruise easily and/or have a bleeding disorder

Sites / Locations

  • Keller Army Community Hospital - ARVINRecruiting

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

Active Comparator

Arm Label

BFR group with standard therapy

standard therapy group

Arm Description

Participants will be randomized into their assigned group of receiving standard therapy with BFR by a blinded therapist within the study. Participants will then visit the clinic for study testing at six weeks, 12 weeks, and six months after their surgery. During each of these visits, they will be asked to complete a survey, and then their shoulder strength and flexibility will be measured. Each study visit will last approximately 30 minutes. Participants will also attend 12-18 shoulder rehabilitation sessions in the clinic over six weeks from the six week to 12 week mark (about two to three sessions per week). Each rehabilitation session will last approximately 30 minutes and consist of Blood Flow Restriction Training with the standard rehabilitation exercises. Between the 12-week follow-up and 6-month follow-up, participants will receive standard post-surgical rehabilitation for their specific shoulder surgery without Blood Flow Restriction training.

Participants will be randomized into their assigned group of receiving standard therapy without BFR by a blinded therapist within the study using a computer generated randomization formula Participants will then visit the clinic for study testing at six weeks, 12 weeks, and six months after their surgery. During each of these visits, they will be asked to complete a survey, and then their shoulder strength and flexibility will be measured. Each study visit will last approximately 30 minutes. Participants will also attend 12-18 shoulder rehabilitation sessions in the clinic over six weeks from the six week to 12 week mark (about two to three sessions per week). Each rehabilitation session will last approximately 30 minutes and consist of standard rehabilitation exercises without BFR. Between the 12-week follow-up and 6-month follow-up, participants will receive standard post-surgical rehabilitation for their specific shoulder surgery without Blood Flow Restriction training.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

shoulder Isometric strength
resisted isometric strength using dynamotor
shoulder Isometric strength
resisted isometric strength using dynamotor
shoulder Isometric strength
resisted isometric strength using dynamotor
shoulder function- (CKCUEST)
Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST)
shoulder function- (UQYBT)
Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (UQYBT)
shoulder function-(SSPT)
Seated Shotput Test (SSPT)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
report self pain rating
Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
report self pain rating
Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
report self pain rating
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
self reported patient outcomes
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
self reported patient outcomes
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
self reported patient outcomes
Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)
self reported patient outcomes
Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)
self reported patient outcomes
Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)
self reported patient outcomes
Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (QDASH)
self reported patient outcomes
Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (QDASH)
self reported patient outcomes
Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (QDASH)
self reported patient outcomes
ROM
shoulder Range of motion using the digital inclinometer
ROM
shoulder Range of motion using the digital inclinometer
ROM
shoulder Range of motion using the digital inclinometer

Full Information

First Posted
August 10, 2022
Last Updated
August 15, 2022
Sponsor
Keller Army Community Hospital
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT05506072
Brief Title
Blood Flow Restriction Training Versus Standard Physical Therapy After Shoulder Stabilization Surgery
Official Title
Blood Flow Restriction Training Versus Standard Physical Therapy After Shoulder Stabilization Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
August 2022
Overall Recruitment Status
Recruiting
Study Start Date
June 23, 2022 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
June 23, 2023 (Anticipated)
Study Completion Date
June 23, 2023 (Anticipated)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Keller Army Community Hospital

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Describe the purpose and objective(s) of the study, specific aims, and/or research questions/hypotheses: The purpose of this Randomized Controlled Trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training with standard care of physical therapy versus the standard care of Physical Therapy alone and its effect on shoulder function and patient outcomes in military cadets recovering from shoulder stabilization surgery. We hypothesize after 6 weeks of BFR training will contribute to 13 (76%) or more participants will achieve scores within one standard deviation of normative values for isometric strength and functional tests at six months following shoulder stabilization surgery. Furthermore, we hypothesize that 14 (82%) or more participants will report improved patientreported outcomes as determined by the minimal clinical difference (MCD) at 12 weeks and six months post-operatively. Objective 1: To evaluate the effectiveness of blood flow restriction (BFR) training on shoulder isometric strength, as measured by a digital handheld dynamotor following shoulder stabilization surgery in military cadets. Objective 2: To evaluate the effectiveness of blood flow restriction (BFR) training on shoulder range of motion, as measured by a digital inclinometer, following shoulder stabilization surgery in military cadets. Objective 3: To evaluate the effectiveness of blood flow restriction (BFR) training on shoulder function as measured by the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST), Seated Shot-Put Test (SSPT), and Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (UQYBT), following shoulder stabilization surgery in military cadets. Objective 4: To evaluate the effectiveness of BFR training on shoulder pain, measured by a numerical pain rating scale, following shoulder stabilization surgery in military cadets. Objective 5: To evaluate the effectiveness of a BFR training on patient-reported outcomes, measured by Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and the Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) following shoulder stabilization surgery in military cadets. Aim 1:To identify whether BFR with Physical Therapy is more effective at increasing shoulder strength than therapy alone following shoulder stabilization surgery. We hypothesize that the BFR with Physical Therapy group will be more effective at increasing shoulder strength than the Physical Therapy group without BFR following shoulder stabilization surgery. Aim 2:To identify whether BFR with Physical Therapy is more effective at increasing shoulder function than therapy alone following shoulder stabilization surgery. We hypothesize that the BFR with Physical Therapy group will be more effective at increasing shoulder function than the Physical Therapy group without BFR following shoulder stabilization surgery.
Detailed Description
During study: Participants will be recruited from the Keller Army Community Hospital (KACH) the KACH Orthopedic Clinic and the Arvin Cadet Physical Therapy Clinic. Participants will be screened for possible benefits of participation and related inclusion /exclusion criteria as is done within traditional means by the referring provider. Participant recruitment and briefing by the lead primary investigator (PI) or associate investigator (AI) will be conducted. Participants wishing to participate in the study will undergo informed consent process with PI or AI. Participants agreeing to participate will complete consent by signing an informed consent form and HIPAA authorization form. All data will be recorded and stored by the subject identification number. Participants will be randomized into their assigned group of either receiving standard therapy with Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) or standard therapy alone by a blinded therapist within the study using a computer generated randomization formula Participants will then visit the clinic for study testing at six weeks, 12 weeks, and six months after their surgery. During each of these visits, they will be asked to complete a survey, and then their shoulder strength and flexibility will be measured. Each study visit will last approximately 30 minutes. Participants will also attend 12-18 shoulder rehabilitation sessions in the clinic over six weeks from the six week to 12 week mark (about two to three sessions per week). Each rehabilitation session will last approximately 30 minutes and consist of Blood Flow Restriction Training and/or standard rehabilitation exercises. Between the 12-week follow-up and 6-month follow-up, participants will receive standard post-surgical rehabilitation for their specific shoulder surgery without Blood Flow Restriction training. Baseline Testing All participants will undergo baseline testing at 6 weeks in the following order: 1. Demographic data 2. self-report outcome measures; 3. Range of motion (ROM) testing; 4. isometric strength testing. Initial patient reported outcome measures will be recorded on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and the Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (DASH). Initial shoulder flexion, external rotation (ER), and internal rotation (IR) Range of Motion (ROM) measurements will be conducted using the digital inclinometer Initial shoulder isometric abduction, ER, and IR strength will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer. Intervention Participants will either receive the current standard of care in post-operative shoulder stabilization rehabilitation without BFR training during each treatment session or current standard of care in post-operative shoulder stabilization rehabilitation plus BFR training. BFR will be done via Delfi Portable Tourniquet System (BFR (Delfi Medical Innovations Inc., Vancouver, Canada) All participants will perform their rehabilitation a minimum of two times per week in the rehabilitation clinic. Patient contact time with their medical providers will be the same in both groups. The BFR treatment with the BFR group will be applied during each treatment session for 6 weeks (weeks 6-12). Pain will be assessed at the beginning and end of each treatment session using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, in accordance with standard clinical practice. Exercise intensity will be determined each session using the OMNI res scale and participants will use that load for their daily exercises. The BFR group will exercise at an intensity of 2-3 on the OMNI res scale on the involved side and then exercise at a 6-8 on the uninvolved side. The non-BFR group will exercise at a 6-8 on the involved and uninvolved side. These loads will be annotated and used be referred to when completing strengthening exercises. Participants will then perform a 30-minute session of rehabilitation. The BFR group will apply the BFR tourniquet and it will be inflated to 50% Limb Occlusion Pressure (LOP) throughout the duration of the treatment. The upper body aerobic exercise will be performed on an upper body cycle (UBC). Intensity will be determined by the perceived exertion of OMNI Res at a resistance the participant considers easy(2-3). The strengthening exercises will consist of three unilateral standing exercises to be performed on both upper extremities. The exercises to be performed are ER with the shoulder adducted to the thorax, scapular retraction with a combined low row, and flexion in scapular plane. Each exercise will be performed while standing using Keiser Functional Trainer (Keiser Corp model 003025.15, Fresno, CA). The resistance for the strengthening exercises will be selected as described above using the Omni res scale. All participants will perform 75 repetitions in total per exercise broken in to 4 sets (30,15,15,15). A 30 second rest period will be issued between exercises. Participants will be permitted to increase or decrease the resistance as needed to stay within the specified perceived exertion range but will be annotated for any deviation from pre-load assessment. The treatment session will end when a participant completes all sets and repetitions for each exercise. However, if a participant is unable to complete all exercises in 30 minutes, the BFR cuff will be deflated and removed. Then, the participant will finish the exercises without BFR. Patients will also perform a home exercise program(HEP) that reinforces the in-clinic treatment. Compliance with the home exercise program will be documented by a patient log to be completed daily and turned into the project manager weekly. All groups will perform their HEP strength exercises at same perceived load intensity of a 6-8 on the OMNI res scale. Assessments (6 weeks); Follow up (12-week, and 6 months post-surgery) All participants will undergo baseline and follow-up testing in the following order: 1. self report outcome measures; 2. Range of motion testing; 3. isometric strength testing; 4. Functional testing at 6-month follow-up only Follow-up patient reported outcome measures will be recorded on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and the Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (DASH). Shoulder flexion, external rotation (ER), and internal rotation (IR) Range of Motion (ROM) measurements will be conducted using the digital inclinometer Shoulder isometric abduction, ER, and IR strength will be assessed using a hand-held dynamometer. Functional tests will be conducted in the same order: Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKQUEST), Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (UQYBT), Seated Shotput Test (SSPT) Study participation completed after the 6-month follow-up

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation, Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation, Shoulder Subluxation, Surgery

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
Outcomes Assessor
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
40 (Anticipated)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
BFR group with standard therapy
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Participants will be randomized into their assigned group of receiving standard therapy with BFR by a blinded therapist within the study. Participants will then visit the clinic for study testing at six weeks, 12 weeks, and six months after their surgery. During each of these visits, they will be asked to complete a survey, and then their shoulder strength and flexibility will be measured. Each study visit will last approximately 30 minutes. Participants will also attend 12-18 shoulder rehabilitation sessions in the clinic over six weeks from the six week to 12 week mark (about two to three sessions per week). Each rehabilitation session will last approximately 30 minutes and consist of Blood Flow Restriction Training with the standard rehabilitation exercises. Between the 12-week follow-up and 6-month follow-up, participants will receive standard post-surgical rehabilitation for their specific shoulder surgery without Blood Flow Restriction training.
Arm Title
standard therapy group
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Participants will be randomized into their assigned group of receiving standard therapy without BFR by a blinded therapist within the study using a computer generated randomization formula Participants will then visit the clinic for study testing at six weeks, 12 weeks, and six months after their surgery. During each of these visits, they will be asked to complete a survey, and then their shoulder strength and flexibility will be measured. Each study visit will last approximately 30 minutes. Participants will also attend 12-18 shoulder rehabilitation sessions in the clinic over six weeks from the six week to 12 week mark (about two to three sessions per week). Each rehabilitation session will last approximately 30 minutes and consist of standard rehabilitation exercises without BFR. Between the 12-week follow-up and 6-month follow-up, participants will receive standard post-surgical rehabilitation for their specific shoulder surgery without Blood Flow Restriction training.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Blood flow restriction therapy
Intervention Description
Blood Flow Restriction involves the application of a tourniquet to an extremity to partially restrict the arterial and venous blood flow to stimulate localized cellular and systemic hormonal changes that occur in high intensity exercise. BFR Training may produce similar cellular and muscular responses to cause hypertrophy when exercise is performed at low intensity. Studies have compared BFR therapy in the lower extremities with light load resistance exercise to light load resistance alone and observed greater improvements in the BFR group. A recent systematic review further identified that adding BFR to exercise effectively augments muscle strength and size. Additionally, BFR has been shown to be applied in a safe manner with low risk for complications. With this growing body of evidence supporting BFR, it is becoming increasingly common in rehabilitation
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Standard Physical Thearapy
Intervention Description
Participants will be randomized into their assigned group of receiving standard therapy without BFR by a blinded therapist within the study using a computer generated randomization formula Participants will then visit the clinic for study testing at six weeks, 12 weeks, and six months after their surgery. During each of these visits, they will be asked to complete a survey, and then their shoulder strength and flexibility will be measured. Each study visit will last approximately 30 minutes. Participants will also attend 12-18 shoulder rehabilitation sessions in the clinic over six weeks from the six week to 12 week mark (about two to three sessions per week). Each rehabilitation session will last approximately 30 minutes and consist of standard rehabilitation exercises without BFR. Between the 12-week follow-up and 6-month follow-up, participants will receive standard post-surgical rehabilitation for their specific shoulder surgery without Blood Flow Restriction training.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
shoulder Isometric strength
Description
resisted isometric strength using dynamotor
Time Frame
6 weeks
Title
shoulder Isometric strength
Description
resisted isometric strength using dynamotor
Time Frame
12 weeks
Title
shoulder Isometric strength
Description
resisted isometric strength using dynamotor
Time Frame
6 months
Title
shoulder function- (CKCUEST)
Description
Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST)
Time Frame
6 months
Title
shoulder function- (UQYBT)
Description
Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (UQYBT)
Time Frame
6 months
Title
shoulder function-(SSPT)
Description
Seated Shotput Test (SSPT)
Time Frame
6 months
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Description
report self pain rating
Time Frame
6 weeks
Title
Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Description
report self pain rating
Time Frame
12 weeks
Title
Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Description
report self pain rating
Time Frame
6 months
Title
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
6 weeks
Title
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
12 weeks
Title
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
6 months
Title
Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
6 weeks,
Title
Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
12 weeks
Title
Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
6 months
Title
Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (QDASH)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
6 weeks
Title
Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (QDASH)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
12 weeks
Title
Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, Hand (QDASH)
Description
self reported patient outcomes
Time Frame
6 months
Title
ROM
Description
shoulder Range of motion using the digital inclinometer
Time Frame
6 weeks
Title
ROM
Description
shoulder Range of motion using the digital inclinometer
Time Frame
12 weeks
Title
ROM
Description
shoulder Range of motion using the digital inclinometer
Time Frame
6 months

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
17 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
30 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: enrolled in the US Military Academy as a Cadet? between the age of 17 to 30 years? USMA cadet who was diagnosed with unilateral or multi-directional instability who underwent primary or revised surgery as well as open and arthroscopic shoulder stabilization surgery procedures at KACH. near 6 weeks post-operative at start and will be cleared to begin strengthening exercises at that time Exclusion Criteria: Have not had a rotator cuff surgery with the current surgical repair? Have not had a humeral neck or shaft fracture? Had not had a history of head, neck, or shoulder procedures requiring general anesthesia within 6 weeks from surgery Have not had a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) within the 12 months from your surgical date Not currently pregnant Don't have a history of upper quadrant lymph node dissection, endothelial dysfunction Don't have an active infection or are you currently diagnosed and fighting cancer Don't bruise easily and/or have a bleeding disorder
Central Contact Person:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Max K Dummar, DPT
Phone
845-938-3067
Email
max.k.dummar.mil@mail.mil
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name or Official Title & Degree
Erin Miller, PHD
Phone
845-938-3067
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Keller Army Community Hospital - ARVIN
City
West Point
State/Province
New York
ZIP/Postal Code
10996
Country
United States
Individual Site Status
Recruiting
Facility Contact:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Michael S crowell, DSc
Phone
845-938-3067
Email
michael.s.crowell.mil@army.mil
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Lori D Cartwright
Phone
845-938-2680
Email
lori.d.cartwright.civ@mail.mil

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Plan to Share IPD
Undecided
IPD Sharing Plan Description
Following the completion of this study, subject will have the option to allow, or not allow the researchers to keep your data and use it in the future. At the end of the consent form subject will choose to give permission, or not, to use protected health information and study data (non-protected health information) for future research studies. Following study completion, we will remove anything that might identify subject from the information. If subject chooses so, the remaining de-identified information may then be used for future research studies or given to another investigator without getting additional permission from the subject. If we do want to use the information or give the information to another investigator for future research, a review board will decide whether this is allowed.

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Blood Flow Restriction Training Versus Standard Physical Therapy After Shoulder Stabilization Surgery

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