Dietary Glycemic Index, Brain Function and Food Intake in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 focused on measuring brain, fMRI, carbohydrate, insulin clamp, intake regulation, overweight, glycemic index
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Type 1 diabetes for a minimum of 3 years
- BMI 20-35 kg/m2
- Use of insulin pump
- Willing and able to: Maintain weight and document for duration of the study
Exclusion Criteria:
- Insulin resistance (current insulin requirement > 1.5 U/kg/d)
- Insulin requirement < 0.5 unit/kg/day (cut-off for preserved beta-cell function)
- HbA1C ≥ 8.0%
- DKA within 2 months
- Frequent hypoglycemia (BG <50 mg/dl), > 3 times per week
- Fluctuations in body weight >10% over preceding year
- Smoking or illicit substance abuse
- High levels of physical activity (≥60 minutes per day, ≥ 4 days per week)
- Current weight loss diet
- Medical problems, medications or dietary supplements that may affect metabolism, insulin action, body weight, appetite, energy expenditure, or gastrointestinal absorption (e.g. celiac disease)
- Allergies to compounds or intolerance of the liquid meals
- MRI exclusion criteria
- Other conditions according to self-report that would prohibit participation based and researcher assessment
Sites / Locations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Experimental
Experimental
Active Comparator
high GI meal, euglycemic insulin clamp
high GI meal, fixed insulin infusion
low GI meal, euglycemic insulin clamp
A nutritional shake with high GI will be consumed. Regular insulin will be administered intravenously according to a negative feedback algorithm to maintain euglycemia.This condition results in euglycemia with high insulin levels.
A nutritional shake with high GI will be consumed. Regular insulin will be administered intravenously at a rate previously established to maintain euglycemia after a low glycemic index meal. This condition results in moderate hyperglycemia with low insulin levels.
A nutritional shake with low GI will be consumed. Regular insulin will be administered intravenously according to a negative feedback algorithm to maintain euglycemia. This condition results in euglycemia with low insulin levels.