Does Protein and Fat Content of Meal Increase Glucose Concentrations
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus focused on measuring Fat-protein counting, Type 1 diabetes, Postprandial glucose level
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Subjects:
- had Type1 Diabetes for at least 1 years;
- use multiple dose (basal-bolus) insulin therapy;
- use fast-acting insulin analogs (lispro, glulisine, and aspart) and basal insulin analogs (detemir, glargine);
- daily inslin dose ≥0.5 IU/kg/day.
Exclusion Criteria:
Subjects:
- had any restrictive food intake disorders (eg celiac disease or food allergy);
- had any diabetes complications (eg neuropathy, nephropathy or retinopathy);
- diagnosed for <1 year;
- were using corticosteroid or any medication that could effect gastric emptying;
- did exercise or had hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis within 24 hour before the test meals;
- had overweight or obese (BMI z score: ≥ 1SD and ≥ 2SD respectively);
- had not on follicular or peri-ovulatory phases of their menstrual cycles (for females).
Sites / Locations
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Active Comparator
Insulin dose-CARB counting HPM group
Insulin dose-CARB counting HPFM group
Insulin dose-CARB+FPU counting-HPFM
Insulin dose-CARB counting SM group
HPM (high protein meal), contained 36 g protein,17 g fat, 70 g carbohydrate and 11.5 g fiber, was given to the subjects in breakfast meal (08.30 h) in the hospital. The glycaemic index (GI) of meal was 60.40. The insulin dose for meal was calculated according to the carbohydrate counting (insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio-ICR).Capillary blood glucose values were collected and recorded before (0 min) and every 30 minutes thereafter for 240 minutes.
HPFM (high protein-high fat meal), contained 36 g protein,30 g fat, 70 g carbohydrate and 11.5 g fiber, was given to the subjects in breakfast meal (08.30 h) in the hospital The glycaemic index (GI) of meal was 60.40. The insulin dose for meal was calculated according to the carbohydrate counting (insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio-ICR).Capillary blood glucose values were collected and recorded before (0 min) and every 30 minutes thereafter for 240 minutes.
HPFM (high protein-high fat meal), contained 36 g protein,30 g fat, 70 g carbohydrate and 11.5 g fiber, was given to the subjects in breakfast meal (08.30 h) in the hospital. The glycaemic index (GI) of meal was 60.40. The insulin dose for meal was calculated according to the carbohydrate counting plus fat-protein counting (insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio-ICR and fat-protein unit-FPU).Capillary blood glucose values were collected and recorded before (0 min) and every 30 minutes thereafter for 240 minutes.
SM (standart meal), contained 24 g protein,17 g fat, 70 g carbohydrate and 11.5 g fiber, was given to the subjects in breakfast meal (08.30 h) in the hospital. The glycaemic index (GI) of meal was 60.40. The insulin dose for meal was calculated according to the carbohydrate counting (insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio-ICR and fat-protein unit-FPU).Capillary blood glucose values were collected and recorded before (0 min) and every 30 minutes thereafter for 240 minutes.