Effect of Lidocaine 1% and 2% in the Tube Cuff on Postoperative Sore Throat and Cough (ELIT)

Comparing the effect of different methods of endotracheal tube cuff inflation on the occurrence of a postoperative sore throat and cough (Air vs Lidocaine 1% vs Lidocaine 2%).

Eligible patients undergoing general anesthesia will be randomized and assigned to three groups: Group A: Endotracheal tube cuff inflation with air Group B: Endotracheal tube cuff inflation with Lidocaine 1% Group C: Endotracheal tube cuff inflation with Lidocaine 2% The induction of anesthesia will be made following a preoxygenation with a facial mask with 100% Oxygen. It consists on the intravenous injection of Sufentanil 5 mcg or Fentanyl 50mcg, Lidocaine 1mg/Kg, Propofol 2.5mg/kg, Rocuronium 0.6mg/kg or Cisatracurium 0.15mg/kg. Maintenance of anesthesia will be done by sevoflurane + nitrous oxide, and reinjections of morphinomimetics and curare will be made as needed (the total doses will be noted at the end of the intervention). The intubation is made by a N° 7.5 tube in men and a N° 7 tube in women. Cuff inflation will be done upon placement of the endotracheal tube. The cuff's pressure will be monitored at several intervals of the intervention and kept < or = 20 centimeter of water (cmH2O). The volume of lidocaine used will never exceed 5 mg / kg for the patient to be protected from the local toxicity of the local anesthetic in case of accidental rupture of the balloon. All patients will receive Paracetamol every 6 hours for the first 24 hours after the end of surgery.

Lidocaine 1%, Lidocaine 2%, Endotracheal tube cuff, Cuff inflation, Postoperative sore throat, Postoperative cough, General anesthesia, Endotracheal intubation

The induction of anesthesia will be made following a preoxygenation with a facial mask with 100% Oxygen. It consists on the intravenous injection of Sufentanil 5 mcg or Fentanyl 50mcg, Lidocaine 1mg/Kg, Propofol 2.5mg/kg, Rocuronium 0.6mg/kg or Cisatracurium 0.15mg/kg.

Maintenance of anesthesia will be done by sevoflurane + nitrous oxide, and reinjections of morphinomimetics and curare will be made as needed (the total doses will be noted at the end of the intervention).

The intubation is made by a N° 7.5 tube in men and a N° 7 tube in women. Cuff inflation will be done upon placement of the endotracheal tube. The cuff's pressure will be monitored at several intervals of the intervention and kept < or = 20 centimeter of water (cmH2O).

Throat pain evaluation using the visual analog scale of pain (range from 0 cm (no pain) to 10 cm (very intense pain))

Throat pain evaluation using the visual analog scale of pain (range from 0 cm (no pain) to 10 cm (very intense pain))

Throat pain evaluation using the visual analog scale of pain (range from 0 cm (no pain) to 10 cm (very intense pain))

Throat pain evaluation using the visual analog scale of pain (range: from 0 cm (no pain) to 10 cm (very intense pain))

Cough intensity evaluation using the visual analog scale of cough (range from 0 cm (no cough) to 10 cm (very severe cough))

Cough intensity evaluation using the visual analog scale of cough (range from 0 cm (no cough) to 10 cm (very severe cough))

Cough intensity evaluation using the visual analog scale of cough (range from 0 cm (no cough) to 10 cm (very severe cough))

Cough intensity evaluation using the visual analog scale of cough (range from 0 cm (no cough) to 10 cm (very severe cough))

Inclusion Criteria: Patients over 18 years old American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (ASA) category 1 or 2 High pressure, low volume endotracheal tube - (Lo-pro) Exclusion Criteria: Ear nose and throat and cranial surgery Ear nose and throat pathologies Asthma and bronchial hyperreactivity Chronic cough Diabetes Cognitive disorders Swallowing disorders Corticotherapy during the last week Allergy to lidocaine Urgent surgery Nasogastric, oro-gastric Ventral position More than 2 intubation attempts Continuous intravenous infusion of lidocaine intraoperatively.