Effects of FRAX+SARC-F Pre-screening on Preventing Fragility Fracture and Fall in Community-dwelling Older Adults

Effects of FRAX+SARC-F Pre-screening on Preventing Fragility Fracture and Fall in Community-dwelling Older Adults

The Effects of FRAX+SARC-F Questionnaire Pre-screening on Promoting Public Awareness of Fragility Fracture and Fall Prevention Among Community-dwelling Older Adults

Hip fragility fractures are a major threat to functional independence in older adults locally and globally. In Hong Kong, the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in people aged >50 years were reported to be as high as 37% and 52%, respectively. The major challenge in fragility fracture prevention is that fragility fracture is caused by the combination of osteoporosis and propensity to fall, and both of these conditions are multifactorial. Ample evidence shows that fall risks can be reduced by well-designed exercises, and osteoporosis can be effectively diagnosed by Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry imaging (DXA) and treated with anti-osteoporosis medication. Lifestyle modifications e.g. diet, optimal physical activity, environmental safety can also help to prevent falls or improve bone health. The brief Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) and SARC-F provide a low cost of prescreening for fracture risk and sarcopenia, respectively. Using SARC-F in conjunction with FRAX has increased sensitivity for hip fracture risk prediction. FRAX+SARC-F may help increase the public awareness of osteoporosis and get the at-risk group to receive diagnostic tests and be treated. This model should fit in well with the coming District Health Centres across Hong Kong.

Participants will be randomly assigned to either the pre-screening or control group in a 1:1 ratio. Independent personnel not involved in data collection or intervention will perform and conceal the randomization using an online data server. Research assistants who are blinded to the group allocation will conduct all the baseline assessments and subsequent event surveillance. All data will also be entered and checked by the blinded research assistants. All procedures concur with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013).

Pre-screening group participants will receive the FRAX+SARC-F questionnaire pre-screening and be notified of the preliminary estimation of their future hip fracture risk before being invited to our DXA screening and fall-risk assessment.

proportions of participants diagnosed with osteoporosis in the FRAX+SARC-F pre-screening and control groups.

proportions of participants diagnosed with osteoporosis in the FRAX+SARC-F pre-screening and control groups.

Inclusion Criteria: aged ≥ 65 years living in the community Exclusion Criteria: • cannot follow the instruction